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Hanz, Ulrike (2021): Vertical fluxes of organic matter over an annual cycle at an Arctic deep-sea sponge ground [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.927955

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Abstract:
Deep-sea sponge grounds are hotspots of benthic biomass and diversity. To date, very limited data exists on the range of environmental conditions in areas containing deep-sea sponge grounds and which factors are driving their distribution and sustenance. We investigated oceanographic conditions at a deep-sea sponge ground located on an Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge seamount. Hydrodynamic measurements were performed along CTD transects and a lander was deployed within the sponge ground that recorded near-bottom physical properties as well as vertical fluxes of organic matter over an annual cycle. The data demonstrate that the sponge ground is found at water temperatures of -0.5 to 1 °C and is situated at the interface between two water masses at only 0.7° equatorward of the turning point latitude of semidiurnal lunar internal tides. Internal waves supported by vertical density stratification interact with the seamount topography and produce turbulent mixing as well as resuspension of organic matter with temporarily very high current speeds up to 0.72 m s-1. The vertical movement of the water column delivers food and nutrients from water layers above and below towards the sponge ground. Highest organic carbon flux was observed during the summer phytoplankton bloom period, providing fresh organic matter from the surface. The flux of fresh organic matter is unlikely to sustain the carbon demand of this ecosystem. Therefore, the availability of bacteria, nutrients and dissolved and particulate matter, delivered by tidally-forced internal wave turbulence and transport by horizontal mean flows, likely plays an important role in meeting ecosystem-level food requirements.
Supplement to:
Hanz, Ulrike; Roberts, Emyr Martyn; Duineveld, Gerard C A; Davies, Andrew; van Haren, Hans; Rapp, Hans Tore; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Mienis, Furu (accepted): Long‐term Observations Reveal Environmental Conditions and Food Supply Mechanisms at an Arctic Deep‐Sea Sponge Ground. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(3), https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016776
Project(s):
Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic (SponGES)
Funding:
Horizon 2020 (H2020), grant/award no. 679849: Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic
Coverage:
Latitude: 73.816000 * Longitude: 7.523468
Date/Time Start: 2016-07-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-06-05T00:00:00
Minimum Elevation: -669.0 m * Maximum Elevation: -663.0 m
Event(s):
GS2016109A-07-LAN-01 * Latitude: 73.816000 * Longitude: 7.523470 * Date/Time: 2016-06-20T22:25:00 * Elevation: -669.0 m * Location: Schultz Bank * Campaign: GS2016109A (GS16A-202) * Basis: G. O. Sars (2003) * Method/Device: Bottom lander (B_LANDER) * Comment: deployment
GS2017110-17-LAN-04 * Latitude: 73.816000 * Longitude: 7.523467 * Date/Time: 2017-07-27T11:10:00 * Elevation: -663.0 m * Location: Schultz Bank * Campaign: GS2017110 * Basis: G. O. Sars (2003) * Method/Device: Bottom lander (B_LANDER) * Comment: Retrievement of lander from 2016
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 Sample code/labelSample labelHanz, Ulrike
2 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeHanz, UlrikeGeocode
3 Total mass, flux per dayTot mass fluxmg/m2/dayHanz, UlrikeTechnicap PPS4/3
4 Carbon, fluxC fluxmg/m2/dayHanz, UlrikeTechnicap PPS4/3
5 Carbon, flux per yearC fluxg/m2/aHanz, UlrikeTechnicap PPS4/3
6 δ15Nδ15N‰ airHanz, Ulrike
7 Nitrogen, totalTN%Hanz, Ulrike
8 δ13Cδ13C‰ PDBHanz, Ulrike
9 Carbon, organic, totalTOC%Hanz, Ulrike
10 Carbon/Nitrogen ratioC/NHanz, Ulrike
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
204 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Sample label		2 
Date/Time		3 
Tot mass flux [mg/m2/day]		4 
C flux [mg/m2/day]		5 
C flux [g/m2/a]		6 
δ15N [‰ air]		7 
TN [%]		8 
δ13C [‰ PDB]		9 
TOC [%]		10 
C/N
GS16-12016-07-10195.015.6105.6982.2741.085-25.2608.0107.381
GS16-12016-07-1018.0046.5712.2181.245-25.3119.2307.417
GS16-12016-07-1018.6826.819-25.1289.580
GS16-22016-08-09145.015.2205.5553.4571.374-26.01610.5007.637
GS16-22016-08-0915.1335.524-25.84510.440
GS16-32016-09-08286.79.1153.3274.0730.500-25.8493.1806.386
GS16-32016-09-089.9903.646-25.5693.480
GS16-42016-10-08153.37.3362.6786.4550.777-25.5704.7806.160
GS16-42016-10-086.6912.4425.7010.686-26.0024.3606.365
GS16-42016-10-087.2222.636-26.1604.710
GS16-52016-11-07155.06.8042.4836.8850.662-25.5504.3906.627
GS16-52016-11-076.6612.431-25.5304.300
GS16-62016-12-07230.06.2462.2806.6470.445-24.5192.7206.099
GS16-62016-12-078.9083.2516.0800.612-24.8963.8706.330
GS16-62016-12-076.3752.3276.4820.471-24.4652.7705.879
GS16-62016-12-076.9162.524-24.2613.010
GS16-72017-01-0675.03.3391.2195.7020.667-25.0494.4506.669
GS16-72017-01-063.0501.113-25.2554.070
GS16-82017-02-0546.74.7451.7326.5841.536-24.99710.1706.621
GS16-82017-02-054.7601.7386.8471.569-24.93110.2006.502
GS16-82017-02-054.6121.683-24.9969.880
GS16-92017-03-0730.04.2831.5632.518-24.00314.2805.670
GS16-102017-04-0648.35.2311.9092.024-23.91210.8205.348
GS16-112017-05-0618.32.4890.9086.2072.404-24.48613.5805.648
GS16-112017-05-062.3020.840-24.64312.550
GS16-122017-06-05288.328.90710.5517.5111.941-22.94110.0305.165
GS16-122017-06-0527.78710.1427.4761.863-22.8409.6375.173
GS16-122017-06-0528.52810.413-22.7759.890