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Joerss, Hanna; Apel, Christina; Ebinghaus, Ralf (2021): Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in surface sediments of the North and Baltic Seas in 2016/2017 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.927758

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Abstract:
Along with the phase-out of legacy long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs) and their precursors, attention has been drawn to emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). This study is aimed at investigating the importance of selected emerging PFASs as pollutants in European coastal environments and a possible transition from legacy long-chain PFCAs and PFSAs to replacement compounds. Therefore, the spatial distribution of 29 PFASs was analysed in surface water and sediment of the North and Baltic Seas sampled in 2017. Levels of the replacement compound HFPO-DA were approximately three times higher than those of its predecessor PFOA in surface water from the North Sea, which is characterised by the influence of point sources and constant exchange with open water. Reanalysis of sample extracts from the last decade showed that HFPO-DA had already been present in 2011, when it had not yet been in focus. In the Baltic Sea with a limited water exchange and dominance of diffuse sources, the proportion of HFPO-DA was negligible, whereas long-chain PFCAs and PFSAs still contributed to ∑PFASs with about 30%. The emerging cyclic compound perfluoro-4-ethylcyclohexanesulfonate (PFECHS), which has not yet been reported in European coastal environments, was detected in 86% of the Baltic Sea samples. Influenced by sediment characteristics in addition to source-specific contributions, the spatial distribution of PFASs in surface sediments was more variable than for water samples. The linear isomer of the long-chain legacy substance PFOS was the predominant compound found over the entire study area. Of the emerging PFASs, 6:6 and 6:8 perfluoroalkyl phosphinic acids (PFPiAs) were identified close to potential industrial inputs and in sedimentation areas. The results show that particular emerging PFASs play a relevant role in the investigated coastal environments and that a shift to replacements is dependent on sources and geographical conditions. Results are expressed on a dry weight basis.
Related to:
Joerss, Hanna; Apel, Christina; Ebinghaus, Ralf (2019): Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in surface water and sediment of the North and Baltic Seas. Science of the Total Environment, 686, 360-369, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.363
Project(s):
Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Coastal Research (HZG)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 33.951879 * Median Longitude: 9.681175 * South-bound Latitude: -34.000000 * West-bound Longitude: 4.165300 * North-bound Latitude: 58.133300 * East-bound Longitude: 14.543650
Date/Time Start: 2016-01-06T20:24:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-09-10T14:05:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m
Event(s):
LP20170606_4  * Latitude: 53.543617 * Longitude: 9.947683 * Date/Time: 2017-06-06T08:59:49 * Campaign: LP20170606 * Basis: Ludwig Prandtl * Method/Device: Box corer (BC)
LP20170606_21  * Latitude: 53.839567 * Longitude: 7.723217 * Date/Time: 2017-06-09T08:13:17 * Campaign: LP20170606 * Basis: Ludwig Prandtl * Method/Device: Box corer (BC)
LP20170606_23  * Latitude Start: 53.745330 * Longitude: 7.126333 * Date/Time: 2017-06-09T10:53:25 * Campaign: LP20170606 * Basis: Ludwig Prandtl * Method/Device: Box corer (BC)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 Event labelEventJoerss, Hanna
2 Campaign of eventCampaignJoerss, Hanna
3 Latitude of eventLatitudeJoerss, Hanna
4 Longitude of eventLongitudeJoerss, Hanna
5 Elevation of eventElevationmJoerss, Hanna
6 Date/Time of eventDate/TimeJoerss, Hanna
7 DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmJoerss, HannaGeocode
8 Perfluorobutanoic acidPFBAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.029 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.054 ng/g dw
9 Perfluoropentanoic acidPFPeAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0064 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.021 ng/g dw
10 Perfluorohexanoic acidPFHxAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.037 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.09 ng/g dw
11 Perfluoroheptanoic acidPFHpAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.011 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.022 ng/g dw
12 Perfluorooctanoic acidPFOAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.067 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.095 ng/g dw
13 Perfluorononanoic acidPFNAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.015 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.023 ng/g dw
14 Perfluorodecanoic acidPFDAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0033 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.011 ng/g dw
15 Perfluoroundecanoic acidPFUnDAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0028 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.0094 ng/g dw
16 Perfluorododecanoic acidPFDoDAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0033 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.011 ng/g dw
17 Perfluorotridecanoic acidPFTrDAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0028 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.0094 ng/g dw
18 Perfluorotetradecanoic acidPFTeDAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0032 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.011 ng/g dw
19 Perfluorobutane sulfonic acidPFBSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.011 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.037 ng/g dw
20 Perfluorohexane sulfonic acidPFHxSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.036 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.12 ng/g dw
21 Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acidPFHpSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.064 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.21 ng/g dw
22 Perfluorooctane sulfonic acidPFOSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.012 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.04 ng/g dw
23 Henicosalfluorodecane sulfonic acidPFDSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.056 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.19 ng/g dw
24 Perfluoro-4-ethylcyclohexane sulfonic acidPFECHSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.042 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.14 ng/g dw
25 2,2,3-trifluoro-3-[1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-(trifluoromethoxy)propoxy]propanoic acidDONAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0046 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.015 ng/g dw
26 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acidHFPO-DAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0049 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.016 ng/g dw
27 Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acidHFPO-TrAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.1 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.34 ng/g dw
28 Hexafluoropropylene oxide tetramer acidHFPO-TeAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.15 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.49 ng/g dw
29 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid9Cl-PF3ONSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0019 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.0065 ng/g dw
30 11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid11Cl-PF3OUdSng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0075 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.025 ng/g dw
31 Bis(perfluorohexyl)phosphinic acid6:6PFPiAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0031 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.01 ng/g dw
32 Perfluorohexylperfluorooctylphosphinic acid6:8PFPiAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0039 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.013 ng/g dw
33 Perfluoroocatane sulfonamideFOSAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.0027 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.0091 ng/g dw
34 4:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid4:2FTSAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.066 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.22 ng/g dw
35 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid6:2 FTSAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.13 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.3 ng/g dw
36 8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid8:2FTSAng/gJoerss, HannaUltrasonic extraction, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)measured in total sediment in dry weight, limit of detection: 0.054 ng/g dw, limit of quantification: 0.18 ng/g dw
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
696 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Event		2 
Campaign		3 
Latitude		4 
Longitude		5 
Elevation [m]		6 
Date/Time		7 
Depth sed [m]		8 
PFBA [ng/g]		9 
PFPeA [ng/g]		10 
PFHxA [ng/g]		11 
PFHpA [ng/g]		12 
PFOA [ng/g]		13 
PFNA [ng/g]		14 
PFDA [ng/g]		15 
PFUnDA [ng/g]		16 
PFDoDA [ng/g]		17 
PFTrDA [ng/g]		18 
PFTeDA [ng/g]		19 
PFBS [ng/g]		20 
PFHxS [ng/g]		21 
PFHpS [ng/g]		22 
PFOS [ng/g]		23 
PFDS [ng/g]		24 
PFECHS [ng/g]		25 
DONA [ng/g]		26 
HFPO-DA [ng/g]		27 
HFPO-TrA [ng/g]		28 
HFPO-TeA [ng/g]		29 
9Cl-PF3ONS [ng/g]		30 
11Cl-PF3OUdS [ng/g]		31 
6:6PFPiA [ng/g]		32 
6:8PFPiA [ng/g]		33 
FOSA [ng/g]		34 
4:2FTSA [ng/g]		35 
6:2 FTSA [ng/g]		36 
8:2FTSA [ng/g]
LP20170606_4 LP2017060653.54369.94772017-06-06T08:59:4900.300<0.0064<0.090<0.022<0.0950.0510.2100.17000.14000.06800.0360<0.0110.160<0.0640.370<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.01000.05200.0450<0.06600.400<0.054
LP20170606_48 LP2017060653.82049.37762017-06-12T12:34:5500.079<0.0064<0.037<0.022<0.067<0.0230.0600.02400.0110<0.0094<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.089<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.00390.0180<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170606_46 LP2017060653.84448.97012017-06-12T11:06:390<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.015<0.011<0.0094<0.0110<0.0094<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.012<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0091<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170606_21 LP2017060653.83967.72322017-06-09T08:13:170<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.0230.0380.0170<0.0110<0.0094<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.040<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0091<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170606_23 LP2017060653.74537.12632017-06-09T10:53:2500.540<0.0064<0.0900.1200.6500.2100.3000.14000.03900.0320<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.390<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.00310.01300.0390<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170606_27 LP2017060654.05257.15082017-06-10T10:56:010<0.054<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.0150.0200.0170<0.0110<0.0094<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.040<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0091<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170606_30 LP2017060654.22207.80642017-06-10T13:39:290<0.054<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.0230.0620.06000.01900.0230<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.100<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.00390.0110<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170606_45 LP2017060653.95568.66252017-06-12T09:34:480<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.0230.0480.02500.0140<0.0094<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.069<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.00390.0280<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_01-2 MSM5054.06328.0145-232016-01-06T20:24:000<0.054<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.0230.0510.05000.01500.0170<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.170<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.01300.0390<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_02-2 MSM5054.46206.2745-342016-01-07T06:38:000<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.015<0.011<0.0094<0.0110<0.0094<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.040<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0027<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_04-3 MSM5054.88505.6442-372016-01-08T05:07:000<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.015<0.011<0.0094<0.0033<0.0094<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.012<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0027<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_05-11 MSM5055.53154.1653-332016-01-09T06:22:000<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.0670.024<0.0110.0160<0.0110<0.0094<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.012<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0027<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_07-2 MSM5057.41758.4515-542016-01-10T04:50:000<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.015<0.011<0.0094<0.0110<0.0094<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.012<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0027<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_15-2 MSM5058.13339.8915-3362016-01-12T13:50:0000.120<0.0064<0.037<0.0220.1000.1600.1400.25000.04000.0660<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.220<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.00390.0220<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_18-2 MSM5057.966810.7822-1872016-01-13T11:37:0000.100<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.0950.7300.0910.16000.03000.0470<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.230<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.00390.0190<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_24-2 MSM5057.293211.4907-782016-01-15T05:26:0000.096<0.0064<0.037<0.0220.1500.1000.1700.21000.04300.07100.0120<0.011<0.036<0.0640.380<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.00310.01300.0310<0.0660<0.130<0.054
MSM50_28-5 MSM5054.885213.8545-482016-01-23T09:11:0000.160<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.0950.0480.0420.06800.01900.0300<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.150<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0100<0.01300.0350<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170904_6 LP2017090454.282413.12932017-09-04T15:08:0000.220<0.0064<0.0370.0500.3900.2800.0710.03900.01200.0150<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.074<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0027<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170904_23 LP2017090454.075111.13992017-09-07T10:24:0000.130<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.0950.0340.0210.0300<0.01100.0140<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.0640.080<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.00390.0230<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170904_T3 LP2017090454.681810.50082017-09-09T12:04:0000.140<0.0064<0.037<0.0110.1900.2000.2000.27000.06200.10000.0220<0.011<0.036<0.0640.380<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.00390.0340<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170904_44 LP2017090454.88759.61052017-09-10T14:05:0000.130<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.0950.0380.0500.11000.04400.05700.0200<0.011<0.036<0.0640.160<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.00310.02100.0250<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170904_SH1 LP2017090453.846913.81912017-09-05T11:25:0000.230<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.0670.0480.0830.06300.02000.0220<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.0640.160<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0091<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170904_SH2 LP2017090453.738214.27162017-09-05T14:05:0000.140<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.0150.0160.0130<0.0110<0.0094<0.0032<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.040<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0027<0.0660<0.130<0.054
LP20170904_SH3 LP2017090453.643014.54362017-09-05T16:30:000<0.029<0.0064<0.037<0.011<0.067<0.0150.0190.0320<0.01100.0110<0.0110<0.011<0.036<0.064<0.040<0.056<0.042<0.0046<0.0049<0.1<0.15<0.0019<0.0075<0.0031<0.0039<0.0091<0.0660<0.130<0.054