Repasch, Marisa N; Scheingross, Joel S; Hovius, Niels; Lupker, Maarten; Wittmann, Hella; Haghipour, Negar; Gröcke, Darren R; Orfeo, Oscar; Eglinton, Timothy Ian; Sachse, Dirk (2020): Particulate organic carbon composition, granulometric and geochemical data for suspended sediment from the Rio Bermejo (Argentina) collected in March 2017 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.925701
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Abstract:
To study the transformation of organic carbon through long distance transport in rivers, we measured the composition of bulk organic carbon in river suspended sediment of the Rio Bermejo (northern Argentina). This river has a ~1300 km lowland flowpath with no significant tributaries. We collected fluvial suspended sediment in vertical depth profiles at five sampling locations along the length of the Rio Bermejo (northern Argentina) during near-bankfull conditions, when discharge varied between 675 and 1080 m3/s and banks were actively eroding. Additionally, we collected one depth profile from the Rio San Francisco (RSF) and one from the Rio Bermejo 10 km upstream of the RSF confluence. Combining these profiles and weighting them by the relative proportions of their total sediment load input to the mainstem Bermejo serves as a depth profile representing the headwaters. At each depth profile location, we collected water and suspended sediment from the channel thalweg by boat. We used a weighted 8-liter horizontal sampling bottle (Wildco Beta Plus bottle) with an attached pressure transducer to measure sampling depth. We separated sediment from the water using a custom-built 5-liter pressurized filtration unit with a 293 mm diameter, 0.2 µm polyethersulfone filter. In the laboratory, we rinsed sediment off the filters directly into an evaporating dish with ultrapure 18.2 MΩ water (pH~7). Samples were dried in an oven at 40ºC, and subsequently homogenized. Sediment particle size distributions were measured on ~10 mg aliquots using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer (Horiba LA-950). Specific surface area (SSA) of bulk sediment samples was measured on ~4 g aliquots using a Quantachrome NOVAtouch LX gas sorption analyzer and the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) theory (Brunauer et al., 1938). Aliquots for organic carbon measurements were first treated with 4% HCl solution to remove inorganic carbon, following Galy et al. (2007, doi:10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00864.x). Total organic carbon (TOCPOC) and δ13C of POC was measured in duplicate at Durham University using a Costech elemental analyzer (EA) coupled to a CONFLO III and Thermo Scientific Delta V Advantage isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). Radiocarbon content was measured using an EA coupled to an accelerator mass spectrometer (EA-AMS) at ETH Zurich. We report 14C content as fraction modern (F14C), by normalizing measurements to 95% of the 1950 NBS Oxalic Acid II standard (δ13C = -17.8‰) and correcting for mass-dependent fractionation using a common δ13C value of -25‰. OC loading is the mass of organic carbon in a sample normalized by the sample's specific surface area (SSA). Reactive metals in the amorphous oxyhydroxide and crystalline oxide grain coatings, were extracted from the sediment samples using a procedure adapted from Wittmann et al. (2012, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.04.031). The extracted oxyhydroxides and oxides were dried down and diluted in 3M HNO3. A 100 μl aliquot was taken for measurement of metal concentrations. Al, Fe, Mg, and Mn concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Uncertainty of ICP-OES measurements was <5%. All depth-integrated values are calculated as a function of the suspended sediment concentration relative to the depth-averaged suspended sediment concentration.
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Related to:
Repasch, Marisa N; Scheingross, Joel S; Hovius, Niels; Lupker, Maarten; Wittmann, Hella; Haghipour, Negar; Gröcke, Darren R; Orfeo, Oscar; Eglinton, Timothy Ian; Sachse, Dirk (2021): Fluvial organic carbon cycling regulated by sediment transit time and mineral protection. Nature Geoscience, 14(11), 842-848, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00845-7
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -24.473133 * Median Longitude: -62.009605 * South-bound Latitude: -26.660870 * West-bound Longitude: -64.198860 * North-bound Latitude: -23.144220 * East-bound Longitude: -58.634670
Date/Time Start: 2017-03-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-03-25T00:00:00
Minimum ELEVATION: 66 m a.s.l. * Maximum ELEVATION: 292 m a.s.l.
Event(s):
AR17MR-05 * Latitude: -26.660870 * Longitude: -58.634670 * Date/Time: 2017-03-12T00:00:00 * Elevation: 66.0 m * Location: General Mansilla * Comment: River km 1220
Parameter(s):
# | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Event label | Event | Repasch, Marisa N | |||
2 | Sample ID | Sample ID | Repasch, Marisa N | |||
3 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Repasch, Marisa N | Geocode | ||
4 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Repasch, Marisa N | Geocode | ||
5 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Repasch, Marisa N | Geocode | ||
6 | ELEVATION | Elevation | m a.s.l. | Repasch, Marisa N | Geocode | |
7 | Distance | Distance | km | Repasch, Marisa N | Along channel, measured downstream from the Rio Bermejo-Rio San Francisco confluence; 0: Rio San Francisco, -: indicates tributary upstream of the mainstem Rio Bermejo | |
8 | Sediment transit time | Sed transit | a | Repasch, Marisa N | ||
9 | Sediment transit time, uncertainty | Sed transit unc | ± | Repasch, Marisa N | ||
10 | Depth, relative | Depth rel | % | Repasch, Marisa N | Relative water depth: 0 is the river water surface, and 100 is the river bed | |
11 | Depth comment | Depth comm | Repasch, Marisa N | |||
12 | Median, grain size | D50 | µm | Repasch, Marisa N | Scattering Particle Size Distribution Analyzer LA-950 (Horiba) | |
13 | Size fraction < 0.030 mm | <30 µm | % | Repasch, Marisa N | Scattering Particle Size Distribution Analyzer LA-950 (Horiba) | |
14 | Suspended sediment concentration | SSC | g/l | Repasch, Marisa N | ||
15 | Suspended sediment concentration | SSC | g/l | Repasch, Marisa N | Weighted average | Depth-integrated values; weighted averages, weighted by the suspended sediment concentrations at sampling point |
16 | Carbon, organic, total | TOC | % | Repasch, Marisa N | Element analyser CHN (Costech) coupled to a CONFLO III and Thermo Scientific Delta V Advantage isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) | |
17 | Carbon, organic, total | TOC | % | Repasch, Marisa N | Weighted average | Depth-integrated values; weighted averages, weighted by the suspended sediment concentrations at sampling point |
18 | Carbon, organic, total, standard error | TOC std e | ± | Repasch, Marisa N | ||
19 | Specific surface area | SSA | m2/g | Repasch, Marisa N | Gas sorption analyzer (Quantachrome NOVAtouch LX) and BET-method (Brunauer et al., 1938) | Mineral specific surface area |
20 | Specific surface area | SSA | m2/g | Repasch, Marisa N | Weighted average | Mineral specific surface area; depth-integrated values; weighted averages, weighted by the suspended sediment concentrations at sampling point |
21 | Carbon, organic, loading | C org loading | mg/m2 | Repasch, Marisa N | Normalized | Mass of organic carbon per unit mineral surface area |
22 | Carbon, organic, loading | C org loading | mg/m2 | Repasch, Marisa N | Weighted average | Mass of organic carbon per unit mineral surface area, depth-integrated values; weighted averages, weighted by the suspended sediment concentrations at sampling point |
23 | Carbon, organic, loading, standard error | C org loading std e | ± | Repasch, Marisa N | ||
24 | δ13C | δ13C | ‰ PDB | Repasch, Marisa N | Element analyser CHN (Costech) coupled to a CONFLO III and Thermo Scientific Delta V Advantage isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) | |
25 | δ13C | δ13C | ‰ PDB | Repasch, Marisa N | Weighted average | Depth-integrated values; weighted averages, weighted by the suspended sediment concentrations at sampling point |
26 | δ13C, standard error | δ13C std e | ± | Repasch, Marisa N | ||
27 | Fraction modern carbon | F14C | Repasch, Marisa N | Element analyzer coupled to an accelerator mass spectrometer (EA-AMS) | ||
28 | Fraction modern carbon | F14C | Repasch, Marisa N | Weighted average | Depth-integrated values; weighted averages, weighted by the suspended sediment concentrations at sampling point | |
29 | Fraction modern carbon, standard error | F14C std e | ± | Repasch, Marisa N | ||
30 | Fraction modern carbon | F14C | Repasch, Marisa N | Element analyzer coupled to an accelerator mass spectrometer (EA-AMS) | Long-chain leaf wax n-alkanes (C27, C29, C31, and C33) | |
31 | Fraction modern carbon, standard error | F14C std e | ± | Repasch, Marisa N | Long-chain leaf wax n-alkanes (C27, C29, C31, and C33) | |
32 | Aluminium, reactive | Al react | % | Repasch, Marisa N | ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry | Measured in the acid-extractable reactive mineral phase |
33 | Iron, reactive | Fe react | % | Repasch, Marisa N | ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry | Measured in the acid-extractable reactive mineral phase |
34 | Manganese, reactive | Mn react | % | Repasch, Marisa N | ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry | Measured in the acid-extractable reactive mineral phase |
35 | Magnesium, reactive | Mg react | % | Repasch, Marisa N | ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry | Measured in the acid-extractable reactive mineral phase |
36 | Reactive minerals, total | React min tot | % | Repasch, Marisa N | ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry | Measured in the acid-extractable reactive mineral phase |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
528 data points