<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><md:MetaData xmlns:md="http://www.pangaea.de/MetaData" version="2024-07-19">
<md:citation id="dataset925310">
<md:author id="dataset.author78896">
<md:lastName>Muthukrishnan</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Thirumahal</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>mthirumahal@gmail.com</md:eMail>
</md:author>
<md:author id="dataset.author44791">
<md:lastName>Hassenrück</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Christiane</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>christiane.hassenrueck@io-warnemuende.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0003-1909-1726</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="dataset.author78900">
<md:lastName>Al Fahdi</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Dhikra</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="dataset.author78901">
<md:lastName>Al Senafi</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Fahad</md:firstName>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-6174-3455</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="dataset.author78902">
<md:lastName>Mahmoud</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Huda</md:firstName>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6803-0471</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="dataset.author35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:year>2020</md:year>
<md:title>Environmental conditions during a 6 month biofouling experiment in the Arabian Gulf</md:title>
<md:type id="dataset.reftype10" includeInCitation="true">dataset</md:type>
<md:URI>https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.925310</md:URI>
<md:dateTime>2020-12-02T10:05:07</md:dateTime>
</md:citation>
<md:abstract>The development of a mature biofouling community on solid surfaces in the marine environment primarily involves the availability of colonizing bacterial communities and their ability to persist over time in any given environment. This study was undertaken as part of a collaborative project titled Biotechnological Applications of Marine Biofilms developing on solid surfaces in the Arabian Gulf funded by research grant (SQU-GCC/CL/17/02). The succession of marine biofouling communities (mature biofilms) on plastic panels were investigated over a period of six months in four locations in the Arabian Gulf (Fintas and Salmiya marinas in Kuwait, and Bandar Rowdha and Al Mouj marinas in Oman). Monthly assessment of the physico-chemical parameters of the seawater at each location was done using portable meters (thermometer, refractometer, pH meter, turbidity meter and conductivity/TDS meter). The concentrations of nutrients and elements were analysed using ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), respectively.</md:abstract>
<md:reference dataciteRelType="References" group="210" id="ref106533" relationType="Related to" relationTypeId="12">
<md:author id="ref106533.author78896">
<md:lastName>Muthukrishnan</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Thirumahal</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>mthirumahal@gmail.com</md:eMail>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref106533.author44791">
<md:lastName>Hassenrück</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Christiane</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>christiane.hassenrueck@io-warnemuende.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0003-1909-1726</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref106533.author78900">
<md:lastName>Al Fahdi</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Dhikra</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref106533.author88472">
<md:lastName>Jose</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Liny</md:firstName>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref106533.author78901">
<md:lastName>Al Senafi</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Fahad</md:firstName>
<md:orcid>0000-0001-6174-3455</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref106533.author78902">
<md:lastName>Mahmoud</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Huda</md:firstName>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6803-0471</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:author id="ref106533.author35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:author>
<md:year>2022</md:year>
<md:title>Monthly Succession of Biofouling Communities and Corresponding Inter-Taxa Associations in the North- and South-West of the Arabian Gulf</md:title>
<md:type id="ref106533.reftype1">journal article</md:type>
<md:source id="ref106533.journal16757" relatedTermIds="33964" type="journal">Frontiers in Marine Science</md:source>
<md:volume>8</md:volume>
<md:URI>https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.787879</md:URI>
</md:reference>
<md:extent>
<md:geographic>
<md:westBoundLongitude>48.05281</md:westBoundLongitude>
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<md:southBoundLatitude>23.58211</md:southBoundLatitude>
<md:northBoundLatitude>29.34172</md:northBoundLatitude>
<md:meanLongitude>53.2639875</md:meanLongitude>
<md:meanLatitude>26.4297975</md:meanLatitude>
</md:geographic>
<md:topoType id="topotype1">not specified</md:topoType>
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<md:event id="event2958235">
<md:label>Kuwait_Fintas</md:label>
<md:latitude>29.16469</md:latitude>
<md:longitude>48.12656</md:longitude>
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<md:name>Kuwait</md:name>
</md:location>
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<md:name>Experiment</md:name>
<md:optionalName>EXP</md:optionalName>
</md:method>
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<md:event id="event2958236">
<md:label>Kuwait_Salmiya</md:label>
<md:latitude>29.34172</md:latitude>
<md:longitude>48.05281</md:longitude>
<md:location id="event2958236.term30966">
<md:name>Kuwait</md:name>
</md:location>
<md:method id="event2958236.method7423">
<md:name>Experiment</md:name>
<md:optionalName>EXP</md:optionalName>
</md:method>
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<md:label>Oman_Al_Mouj</md:label>
<md:latitude>23.63067</md:latitude>
<md:longitude>58.26975</md:longitude>
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<md:name>Oman</md:name>
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<md:method id="event2958238.method7423">
<md:name>Experiment</md:name>
<md:optionalName>EXP</md:optionalName>
</md:method>
</md:event>
<md:event id="event2958237">
<md:label>Oman_Bandar_Rowdha</md:label>
<md:latitude>23.58211</md:latitude>
<md:longitude>58.60683</md:longitude>
<md:location id="event2958237.term30909">
<md:name>Oman</md:name>
</md:location>
<md:method id="event2958237.method7423">
<md:name>Experiment</md:name>
<md:optionalName>EXP</md:optionalName>
</md:method>
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<md:size unit="data points">358</md:size>
<md:license id="license21">
<md:label>CC-BY-4.0</md:label>
<md:name>Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</md:name>
<md:URI>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</md:URI>
</md:license>
<md:matrixColumn behaviour="7" col="0" id="col0.ds14016914" source="event" type="string">
<md:parameter>
<md:name>Event label</md:name>
<md:shortName>Event</md:shortName>
</md:parameter>
<md:PI id="col0.ds14016914.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
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<md:parameter id="col1.ds14016915.param15373">
<md:name>Area/locality</md:name>
<md:shortName>Area</md:shortName>
<md:term endOffset="4" fragment="1" id="col1.ds14016915.param15373.term43770" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Area" startOffset="0" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Area</md:name>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Area</md:URI>
</md:term>
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<md:PI id="col1.ds14016915.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
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<md:caption>Area</md:caption>
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<md:matrixColumn col="2" id="col2.ds14016916" source="data" type="string">
<md:parameter id="col2.ds14016916.param1720">
<md:name>Location</md:name>
<md:shortName>Location</md:shortName>
<md:term endOffset="8" fragment="1" id="col2.ds14016916.param1720.term2663532" semanticURI="urn:pangaea:obo:pato:syn:0_0000605" startOffset="0" terminologyId="14" terminologyLabel="PATO">
<md:name>location</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:PI id="col2.ds14016916.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:comment>Marina (sampling location)</md:comment>
<md:caption>Location</md:caption>
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<md:name>Month</md:name>
<md:shortName>Month</md:shortName>
<md:term endOffset="5" fragment="1" id="col3.ds14016917.param97989.term41032" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>month</md:name>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:PI id="col3.ds14016917.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Month</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="4" format="##0.00" id="col4.ds14016918" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col4.ds14016918.param717">
<md:name>Temperature, water</md:name>
<md:shortName>Temp</md:shortName>
<md:unit>°C</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="11" fragment="1" id="col4.ds14016918.param717.term43972" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#ThermodynamicTemperature" startOffset="0" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Temperature</md:name>
<md:optionalName>Θ</md:optionalName>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Temperature</md:URI>
</md:term>
<md:term endOffset="18" fragment="2" id="col4.ds14016918.param717.term2606205" semanticURI="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377" startOffset="13" terminologyId="16" terminologyLabel="ChEBI">
<md:name>water</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:PI id="col4.ds14016918.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Temp [°C]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="5" format="##0.00" id="col5.ds14016919" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col5.ds14016919.param716">
<md:name>Salinity</md:name>
<md:shortName>Sal</md:shortName>
<md:term endOffset="8" fragment="1" id="col5.ds14016919.param716.term2698012" semanticURI="urn:obo:pato:term:0085001" startOffset="0" terminologyId="14" terminologyLabel="PATO">
<md:name>salinity</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0085001</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col5.ds14016919.method7384">
<md:name>Refractometer</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col5.ds14016919.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:comment>[ppt]</md:comment>
<md:caption>Sal</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="6" format="#0.00" id="col6.ds14016920" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col6.ds14016920.param764">
<md:name>pH</md:name>
<md:shortName>pH</md:shortName>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col6.ds14016920.method6508">
<md:name>pH meter (Mettler Toledo, USA)</md:name>
<md:term id="col6.ds14016920.method6508.term67625" terminologyId="3" terminologyLabel="PAN-M&amp;D">
<md:name>Chemical property sensors</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col6.ds14016920.method6508.term2299532" semanticURI="SDN:L05::355" terminologyId="21" terminologyLabel="NERC-L05-L22">
<md:name>pH sensors</md:name>
<md:URI>http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/355/</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col6.ds14016920.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>pH</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="7" format="##0.00" id="col7.ds14016921" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col7.ds14016921.param52477">
<md:name>Turbidity (Nephelometric turbidity unit)</md:name>
<md:shortName>Turbidity</md:shortName>
<md:unit>NTU</md:unit>
<md:URI>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbidity</md:URI>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col7.ds14016921.param52477.term43980" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Turbidity" startOffset="0" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Turbidity</md:name>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Turbidity</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col7.ds14016921.method12988">
<md:name>Turbidity meter (HI 98703, HANNA, USA)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col7.ds14016921.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Turbidity [NTU]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="8" format="##0.00" id="col8.ds14016922" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col8.ds14016922.param130429">
<md:name>Conductivity, electrical</md:name>
<md:shortName>EC</md:shortName>
<md:unit>µS/cm</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="12" fragment="1" id="col8.ds14016922.param130429.term1073162" semanticURI="urn:obo:pato:term:0001585" startOffset="0" terminologyId="14" terminologyLabel="PATO">
<md:name>conductivity</md:name>
<md:URI>http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001585</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col8.ds14016922.method12987">
<md:name>TDS/conductivity meter (Mettler Toledo, USA)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col8.ds14016922.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>EC [µS/cm]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="9" format="##0.00" id="col9.ds14016923" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col9.ds14016923.param88095">
<md:name>Total dissolved solids</md:name>
<md:shortName>TDS</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/l</md:unit>
<md:term id="col9.ds14016923.param88095.term43792" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Density" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Density</md:name>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Density</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col9.ds14016923.method12987">
<md:name>TDS/conductivity meter (Mettler Toledo, USA)</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col9.ds14016923.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>TDS [mg/l]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="10" format="#0.00" id="col10.ds14016924" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col10.ds14016924.param130692">
<md:name>Iron</md:name>
<md:shortName>Fe</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/l</md:unit>
<md:term id="col10.ds14016924.param130692.term43792" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Density" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Density</md:name>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Density</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col10.ds14016924.method12985">
<md:name>ICP-OES, Agilent 710-ES, USA</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col10.ds14016924.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Fe [mg/l]</md:caption>
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<md:matrixColumn col="11" format="###0.00" id="col11.ds14016925" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col11.ds14016925.param54282">
<md:name>Potassium</md:name>
<md:shortName>K+</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/l</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col11.ds14016925.param54282.term40134" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>potassium</md:name>
<md:optionalName>K</md:optionalName>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col11.ds14016925.param54282.term43792" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Density" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Density</md:name>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Density</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col11.ds14016925.method12985">
<md:name>ICP-OES, Agilent 710-ES, USA</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col11.ds14016925.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>K+ [mg/l]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="12" format="####0.00" id="col12.ds14016926" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col12.ds14016926.param79654">
<md:name>Magnesium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Mg2+</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/l</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="9" fragment="1" id="col12.ds14016926.param79654.term40665" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>magnesium</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col12.ds14016926.param79654.term43792" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Density" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Density</md:name>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Density</md:URI>
</md:term>
</md:parameter>
<md:method id="col12.ds14016926.method12985">
<md:name>ICP-OES, Agilent 710-ES, USA</md:name>
</md:method>
<md:PI id="col12.ds14016926.pi35440">
<md:lastName>Abed</md:lastName>
<md:firstName>Raeid M M</md:firstName>
<md:eMail>rabed@mpi-bremen.de</md:eMail>
<md:orcid>0000-0002-6201-6177</md:orcid>
</md:PI>
<md:caption>Mg2+ [mg/l]</md:caption>
</md:matrixColumn>
<md:matrixColumn col="13" format="####0.00" id="col13.ds14016927" source="data" type="numeric">
<md:parameter id="col13.ds14016927.param54283">
<md:name>Sodium</md:name>
<md:shortName>Na+</md:shortName>
<md:unit>mg/l</md:unit>
<md:term endOffset="6" fragment="1" id="col13.ds14016927.param54283.term41048" startOffset="0" terminologyId="18" terminologyLabel="PAN-MicroBio">
<md:name>sodium</md:name>
</md:term>
<md:term id="col13.ds14016927.param54283.term43792" semanticURI="http://qudt.org/1.1/vocab/quantity#Density" terminologyId="13" terminologyLabel="PAN-Quantity">
<md:name>Density</md:name>
<md:URI>http://dbpedia.org/resource/Density</md:URI>
</md:term>
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