Citation:

PANGAEA.924523

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and the shell 13C and 18O content and growth rates in the clam Scapharca broughtonii
Published: 2020-11-09
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; North Pacific; Other studied parameter or process; Scapharca broughtonii; Single species; Temperate; Temperature

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Abstract:

The effects of elevated CO2 levels on growth and stable carbon and oxygen isotope compositions (delta 13C and delta 18O) of aragonitic shells were experimentally evaluated by rearing the bloody clam, Scapharca broughtonii, at two different temperatures and at six different pCO2 levels (17 °C: 269, 382, 550, 757, 939, and 1114 µatm; 25 °C: 332, 463, 653, 872, 1137, and 1337 μatm). Ambient CO2 levels did not much affect shell growth rates. Mass spectrometric analysis of the outer shell layer indicated a negative correlation between seawater pH and shell delta 18O (equivalently, a positive correlation between seawater pCO2 and shell delta 18O) at both temperatures (regression slopes: –0.70 per-mil ± 0.14 per per-mil/ pH unit at 17 °C; –0.36 per-mil ± 0.17 per-mil / pH unit at 25 °C). A positive correlation was observed between seawater pH and shell delta13C at both temperatures, but the regression slopes were less steep than those between seawater pH and the delta13C of seawater DIC. As CO2 levels rose (and pH dropped to about 7.6), shell delta18O and delta13C increased relative to ambient dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Both approached apparent isotopic equilibrium in acidified waters. Shell delta 18O was below that of the ambient mix of bicarbonate and carbonate ions, and usually below apparent isotopic equilibrium with water. Kinetic discrimination against heavy isotopes during CO2 hydration and hydroxylation reactions may contribute to this isotopic “enlightenment”, and elevated ambient CO2 may “wash out” this effect. Our findings thus generally support models of calcification physiology and shell isotopic content, and have implications for isotopic paleontology.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; North Pacific; Other studied parameter or process; Scapharca broughtonii; Single species; Temperate; Temperature

Supplement to:

Nishida, Kozue; Hayashi, Masahiro; Yamamoto, Yuzo; Irie, Takahiro; Watanabe, Yusuke; Kishida, Chiho; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Sato, Mizuho; Ishimura, Toyoho; Suzuki, Atsushi (2018): Effects of elevated CO2 on shell 13C and 18O content and growth rates in the clam Scapharca broughtonii. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 235, 246-261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.05.030

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2020): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.14. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2020) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-10-30.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Nishida, Kozue		study
2	Species	Species		Nishida, Kozue
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Nishida, Kozue
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Nishida, Kozue		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Experiment duration	Exp duration	days	Nishida, Kozue
6	Experiment	Exp		Nishida, Kozue
7	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nishida, Kozue		treatment
8	Wet mass	Wet m	g	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial
9	Mass, standard error	Mass std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial, wet
10	Wet mass	Wet m	g	Nishida, Kozue		Mean final
11	Mass, standard error	Mass std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean final, wet
12	Growth rate	µ	mg/day	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily, wet mass
13	Growth rate, standard error	µ std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily, wet mass
14	Replicates	Repl	#	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily growth rate
15	Mass	Mass	g	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial, buoyant
16	Mass, standard error	Mass std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial, buoyant
17	Mass	Mass	g	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial, buoyant
18	Mass, standard error	Mass std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial, buoyant
19	Growth rate	µ	mg/day	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily, buoyant mass
20	Growth rate, standard error	µ std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily, buoyant mass
21	Replicates	Repl	#	Nishida, Kozue
22	Shell height	Shell h	mm	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial
23	Height, standard error	h std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean initial, Shell
24	Shell height	Shell h	mm	Nishida, Kozue		Mean final
25	Height, standard error	h std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean final, shell
26	Growth rate	µ	µm/day	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily, shell height
27	Growth rate, standard error	µ std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily, shell height
28	Replicates	Repl	#	Nishida, Kozue
29	Growth	Growth	mm	Nishida, Kozue		Increment, mean
30	Growth, relative, standard error	Growth rel std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Increment
31	Growth rate	µ	µm/day	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily
32	Growth rate, standard error	µ std e	±	Nishida, Kozue		Mean daily
33	Replicates	Repl	#	Nishida, Kozue
34	Sample ID	Sample ID		Nishida, Kozue
35	Growth	Growth	mm	Nishida, Kozue		Increment
36	δ13C	δ13C	‰ PDB	Nishida, Kozue		shell
37	δ18O	δ18O	‰	Nishida, Kozue		shell
38	Isotope fractionation between growth medium and carbonate	1000lnalpha		Nishida, Kozue
39	δ18O	δ18O	‰	Nishida, Kozue		seawater
40	δ13C	δ13C	‰ PDB	Nishida, Kozue		DIC
41	δ18O	δ18O	‰	Nishida, Kozue		equilibrium value
42	δ13C	δ13C	‰ PDB	Nishida, Kozue		equilibrium value
43	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Nishida, Kozue
44	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Nishida, Kozue
45	Salinity	Sal		Nishida, Kozue
46	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Nishida, Kozue
47	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nishida, Kozue
48	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Nishida, Kozue
49	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Nishida, Kozue
50	pH	pH		Nishida, Kozue	Calculated using CO2calc	total scale
51	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Nishida, Kozue	Calculated using CO2calc	total scale
52	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Nishida, Kozue	Calculated using CO2calc
53	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nishida, Kozue	Calculated using CO2calc
54	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nishida, Kozue	Calculated using CO2calc
55	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nishida, Kozue	Calculated using CO2calc
56	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
57	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
58	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)	total scale
59	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
60	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
61	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
62	Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation	fCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
63	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
64	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
65	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
66	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
67	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
68	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
69	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
70	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
71	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
72	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

3282 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (study)	2 Species	3 Reg spec no	4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID)	5 Exp duration [days]	6 Exp	7 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (treatment)	8 Wet m [g] (Mean initial)	9 Mass std e [±] (Mean initial, wet)	10 Wet m [g] (Mean final)	11 Mass std e [±] (Mean final, wet)	12 µ [mg/day] (Mean daily, wet mass)	13 µ std e [±] (Mean daily, wet mass)	14 Repl [#] (Mean daily growth rate)	15 Mass [g] (Mean initial, buoyant)	16 Mass std e [±] (Mean initial, buoyant)	17 Mass [g] (Mean initial, buoyant)	18 Mass std e [±] (Mean initial, buoyant)	19 µ [mg/day] (Mean daily, buoyant mass)	20 µ std e [±] (Mean daily, buoyant mass)	21 Repl [#]	22 Shell h [mm] (Mean initial)	23 h std e [±] (Mean initial, Shell)	24 Shell h [mm] (Mean final)	25 h std e [±] (Mean final, shell)	26 µ [µm/day] (Mean daily, shell height)	27 µ std e [±] (Mean daily, shell height)	28 Repl [#]	29 Growth [mm] (Increment, mean)	30 Growth rel std e [±] (Increment)	31 µ [µm/day] (Mean daily)	32 µ std e [±] (Mean daily)	33 Repl [#]	34 Sample ID	35 Growth [mm] (Increment)	36 δ13C [‰ PDB] (shell)	37 δ18O [‰] (shell)	38 1000lnalpha	39 δ18O [‰] (seawater)	40 δ13C [‰ PDB] (DIC)	41 δ18O [‰] (equilibrium value)	42 δ13C [‰ PDB] (equilibrium value)	43 Temp [°C]	44 Temp std dev [±]	45 Sal	46 Sal std dev [±]	47 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	48 pCO2 std dev [±]	49 AT [µmol/kg]	50 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	51 pH std dev [±] (total scale, Calculated using...)	52 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2calc)	53 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2calc)	54 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2calc)	55 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2calc)	56 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	57 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	58 pH std dev [±] (total scale, Calculated using...)	59 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	60 CO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	61 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	62 fCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	63 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	64 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	65 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	66 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	67 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	68 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	69 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	70 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	71 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	72 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	269	8.51	0.40	11.93	0.61	77.80	6.86	12	2.15	0.10	3.02	0.14	19.84	1.52	12	24.68	0.48	27.68	0.60	68.3	7.1	12	5.37	0.25	122.1	6.0	12						-0.18	0.11	0.09	2.97	17.4	0.3	32.6	0.3	269	25	2250.7	8.19	0.03	1954	1737	207	3.23	24	8.19	0.03	9.48	0.89	268.06	24.91	1740.83	32.18	207.14	13.42	1957.45	19.74	3.23	0.26	5.03	0.40
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	382	8.72	0.24	11.91	0.46	72.48	6.99	10	2.09	0.06	2.91	0.10	18.63	1.51	10	24.77	0.27	27.76	0.49	68.0	8.6	10	4.86	0.34	110.3	7.7	10						-0.24	0.19	0.06	3.06	17.3	0.3	32.6	0.3	382	23	2179.4	8.05	0.02	1962	1793	155	2.41	24	8.05	0.02	13.50	0.82	380.66	22.92	1796.37	18.95	154.63	8.04	1964.49	11.79	2.41	0.17	3.75	0.26
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	550	7.82	1.33	10.23	1.54	54.65	5.51	12	1.96	0.11	2.57	0.41	13.87	1.10	12	23.80	1.58	26.24	1.46	55.4	8.0	12	4.12	1.31	93.7	8.6	12						-0.25	-1.55	0.05	0.65	17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	550	46	2175.1	7.91	0.03	2018	1880	118	1.84	24	7.91	0.03	19.43	1.63	548.07	45.84	1882.77	20.25	117.98	8.41	2020.18	13.47	1.84	0.16	2.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	756	8.45	0.35	12.20	0.47	85.08	6.44	12	2.06	0.11	2.93	0.14	19.84	1.44	12	24.71	0.33	28.41	0.47	84.0	7.8	12	5.96	0.39	135.4	8.9	12						-0.15	-1.67	0.15	1.19	17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	757	87	2193.5	7.79	0.05	2081	1961	93	1.46	24	7.79	0.05	26.74	3.08	754.34	86.69	1963.01	22.44	93.18	9.21	2082.93	16.27	1.45	0.16	2.26	0.25
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	939	7.65	0.36	10.41	0.47	62.76	4.31	12	1.88	0.11	2.52	0.14	14.59	0.82	12	23.66	0.38	26.73	0.56	69.8	6.8	12	4.71	0.25	107.0	5.6	12						-0.26	-1.99	0.08	1.02	17.1	0.3	32.6	0.4	939	127	2181.7	7.70	0.06	2100	1990	77	1.20	24	7.70	0.05	33.37	4.53	935.69	126.55	1991.85	22.34	76.65	9.12	2101.87	17.69	1.19	0.15	1.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	1114	7.92	0.49	10.79	0.73	65.15	5.96	12	1.92	0.15	2.64	0.21	16.28	1.49	12	23.85	0.50	26.66	0.72	63.8	7.7	11	4.59	0.30	104.4	6.8	12						-0.26	-2.44	0.06	0.46	17.2	0.2	32.6	0.3	1114	150	2177.3	7.63	0.05	2117	2011	66	1.04	24	7.63	0.05	39.47	5.32	1110.08	149.47	2013.07	19.65	66.29	8.02	2118.84	16.89	1.03	0.13	1.61	0.21
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	332	32.10	1.57	34.49	1.69	43.31	7.72	10	7.41	0.38	7.97	0.46	10.67	1.92	9	38.56	0.66	39.65	0.60	19.8	7.9	10	2.24	0.23	40.8	4.1	10						-0.56	-0.20	-1.81	2.47	24.8	0.2	31.7	0.3	332	71	2251.4	8.11	0.08	1942	1711	222	3.59	24	8.11	0.08	9.61	2.06	330.94	70.77	1713.57	71.85	220.60	29.50	1943.77	44.45	3.57	0.50	5.45	0.77
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	463	26.34	1.27	28.38	1.41	36.98	5.12	10	6.29	0.33	6.73	0.37	7.93	1.18	10	36.21	0.65	37.36	0.76	21.0	4.6	10	1.93	0.19	35.2	3.3	10						-0.58	-0.12	-1.85	2.56	24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	463	68	2162.7	7.98	0.06	1933	1752	167	2.71	24	7.98	0.05	13.36	1.96	461.52	67.78	1753.49	42.26	166.68	17.34	1933.53	26.92	2.69	0.31	4.12	0.47
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	653	28.76	1.55	29.90	1.56	28.10	5.99	9	6.70	0.28	6.97	0.28	4.92	1.35	11	37.00	0.81	37.51	0.77	9.2	4.8	10	1.70	0.20	30.9	3.6	10						-0.64	-1.71	-1.91	0.97	24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	653	87	2160.0	7.85	0.05	1989	1840	131	2.11	24	7.85	0.05	18.84	2.51	650.91	86.72	1840.52	32.76	130.20	13.48	1989.56	21.79	2.10	0.24	3.22	0.36
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	872	27.85	2.01	29.89	2.13	37.11	8.40	11	6.38	0.46	6.89	0.51	9.18	2.05	11	37.34	0.97	38.14	0.92	14.6	6.0	11	2.15	0.31	39.2	5.7	11						-0.58	-2.05	-1.81	0.63	24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	872	100	2161.4	7.74	0.05	2034	1904	105	1.70	24	7.74	0.05	25.28	2.90	869.21	99.68	1906.90	24.14	103.77	9.98	2035.96	17.04	1.68	0.18	2.56	0.27
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1137	26.35	1.53	27.87	1.53	27.58	6.72	11	6.18	0.40	6.43	0.39	4.49	1.51	11	36.02	0.98	37.30	0.79	23.3	9.4	11	1.80	0.27	32.7	5.0	11						-0.52	-2.69	-1.75	0.00	24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1137	140	2158.7	7.64	0.05	2069	1952	84	1.37	24	7.63	0.05	32.97	4.07	1133.36	139.55	1953.83	21.72	83.55	8.96	2070.35	16.77	1.35	0.16	2.06	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1337	26.39	1.47	28.73	1.77	27.34	4.96	10	6.15	0.30	6.39	0.33	4.40	1.04	11	36.47	0.90	37.29	0.81	14.9	6.3	11	2.00	0.25	36.3	4.6	11						-0.50	-3.07	-1.73	-0.38	24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1337	167	2159.9	7.57	0.04	2091	1979	74	1.20	24	7.57	0.05	38.77	4.85	1332.71	166.46	1980.88	19.70	73.04	8.13	2092.68	16.36	1.18	0.14	1.80	0.22
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	269																											1	6.23	-0.72	-0.20	30.62					17.4	0.3	32.6	0.3	269	25	2250.7	8.19	0.03	1954	1737	207	3.23	24	8.19	0.03	9.48	0.89	268.06	24.91	1740.83	32.18	207.14	13.42	1957.45	19.74	3.23	0.26	5.03	0.40
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	269																											12	5.69	-1.10	-0.72	30.10					17.4	0.3	32.6	0.3	269	25	2250.7	8.19	0.03	1954	1737	207	3.23	24	8.19	0.03	9.48	0.89	268.06	24.91	1740.83	32.18	207.14	13.42	1957.45	19.74	3.23	0.26	5.03	0.40
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	269																											26	3.12	-0.06	-0.22	30.59					17.4	0.3	32.6	0.3	269	25	2250.7	8.19	0.03	1954	1737	207	3.23	24	8.19	0.03	9.48	0.89	268.06	24.91	1740.83	32.18	207.14	13.42	1957.45	19.74	3.23	0.26	5.03	0.40
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	269																											36	6.21	-0.83	-0.12	30.70					17.4	0.3	32.6	0.3	269	25	2250.7	8.19	0.03	1954	1737	207	3.23	24	8.19	0.03	9.48	0.89	268.06	24.91	1740.83	32.18	207.14	13.42	1957.45	19.74	3.23	0.26	5.03	0.40
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	269																											49	5.73	-1.00	-0.17	30.65					17.4	0.3	32.6	0.3	269	25	2250.7	8.19	0.03	1954	1737	207	3.23	24	8.19	0.03	9.48	0.89	268.06	24.91	1740.83	32.18	207.14	13.42	1957.45	19.74	3.23	0.26	5.03	0.40
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	269																											50	4.42	-0.85	-0.47	30.35					17.4	0.3	32.6	0.3	269	25	2250.7	8.19	0.03	1954	1737	207	3.23	24	8.19	0.03	9.48	0.89	268.06	24.91	1740.83	32.18	207.14	13.42	1957.45	19.74	3.23	0.26	5.03	0.40
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	382																											22	4.56	-0.62	-0.33	30.49					17.3	0.3	32.6	0.3	382	23	2179.4	8.05	0.02	1962	1793	155	2.41	24	8.05	0.02	13.50	0.82	380.66	22.92	1796.37	18.95	154.63	8.04	1964.49	11.79	2.41	0.17	3.75	0.26
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	382																											43	6.43	-0.72	-0.68	30.13					17.3	0.3	32.6	0.3	382	23	2179.4	8.05	0.02	1962	1793	155	2.41	24	8.05	0.02	13.50	0.82	380.66	22.92	1796.37	18.95	154.63	8.04	1964.49	11.79	2.41	0.17	3.75	0.26
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	382																											45	4.61	-0.40	-0.13	30.69					17.3	0.3	32.6	0.3	382	23	2179.4	8.05	0.02	1962	1793	155	2.41	24	8.05	0.02	13.50	0.82	380.66	22.92	1796.37	18.95	154.63	8.04	1964.49	11.79	2.41	0.17	3.75	0.26
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	382																											59	3.81	-0.27	-0.10	30.71					17.3	0.3	32.6	0.3	382	23	2179.4	8.05	0.02	1962	1793	155	2.41	24	8.05	0.02	13.50	0.82	380.66	22.92	1796.37	18.95	154.63	8.04	1964.49	11.79	2.41	0.17	3.75	0.26
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	382																											68	5.35	-0.17	-0.17	30.64					17.3	0.3	32.6	0.3	382	23	2179.4	8.05	0.02	1962	1793	155	2.41	24	8.05	0.02	13.50	0.82	380.66	22.92	1796.37	18.95	154.63	8.04	1964.49	11.79	2.41	0.17	3.75	0.26
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	550																											18	4.24	-1.89	-0.16	30.66					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	550	46	2175.1	7.91	0.03	2018	1880	118	1.84	24	7.91	0.03	19.43	1.63	548.07	45.84	1882.77	20.25	117.98	8.41	2020.18	13.47	1.84	0.16	2.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	550																											23	7.40	-1.60	-0.15	30.67					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	550	46	2175.1	7.91	0.03	2018	1880	118	1.84	24	7.91	0.03	19.43	1.63	548.07	45.84	1882.77	20.25	117.98	8.41	2020.18	13.47	1.84	0.16	2.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	550																											32	4.55	-1.54	-0.10	30.72					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	550	46	2175.1	7.91	0.03	2018	1880	118	1.84	24	7.91	0.03	19.43	1.63	548.07	45.84	1882.77	20.25	117.98	8.41	2020.18	13.47	1.84	0.16	2.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	550																											5	5.15	-1.59	-0.41	30.40					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	550	46	2175.1	7.91	0.03	2018	1880	118	1.84	24	7.91	0.03	19.43	1.63	548.07	45.84	1882.77	20.25	117.98	8.41	2020.18	13.47	1.84	0.16	2.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	550																											6	3.95	-1.96	-0.38	30.43					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	550	46	2175.1	7.91	0.03	2018	1880	118	1.84	24	7.91	0.03	19.43	1.63	548.07	45.84	1882.77	20.25	117.98	8.41	2020.18	13.47	1.84	0.16	2.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	550																											63	3.57	-1.60	-0.15	30.67					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	550	46	2175.1	7.91	0.03	2018	1880	118	1.84	24	7.91	0.03	19.43	1.63	548.07	45.84	1882.77	20.25	117.98	8.41	2020.18	13.47	1.84	0.16	2.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	756																											13	6.74	-1.52	0.02	30.83					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	757	87	2193.5	7.79	0.05	2081	1961	93	1.46	24	7.79	0.05	26.74	3.08	754.34	86.69	1963.01	22.44	93.18	9.21	2082.93	16.27	1.45	0.16	2.26	0.25
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	756																											19	6.46	-1.87	-0.17	30.65					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	757	87	2193.5	7.79	0.05	2081	1961	93	1.46	24	7.79	0.05	26.74	3.08	754.34	86.69	1963.01	22.44	93.18	9.21	2082.93	16.27	1.45	0.16	2.26	0.25
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	756																											31	8.43	-1.67	-0.14	30.68					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	757	87	2193.5	7.79	0.05	2081	1961	93	1.46	24	7.79	0.05	26.74	3.08	754.34	86.69	1963.01	22.44	93.18	9.21	2082.93	16.27	1.45	0.16	2.26	0.25
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	756																											41	6.21	-1.53	-0.02	30.80					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	757	87	2193.5	7.79	0.05	2081	1961	93	1.46	24	7.79	0.05	26.74	3.08	754.34	86.69	1963.01	22.44	93.18	9.21	2082.93	16.27	1.45	0.16	2.26	0.25
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	756																											65	3.21	-1.73	0.03	30.85					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	757	87	2193.5	7.79	0.05	2081	1961	93	1.46	24	7.79	0.05	26.74	3.08	754.34	86.69	1963.01	22.44	93.18	9.21	2082.93	16.27	1.45	0.16	2.26	0.25
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	756																											67	5.74	-1.74	-0.01	30.81					17.3	0.2	32.6	0.3	757	87	2193.5	7.79	0.05	2081	1961	93	1.46	24	7.79	0.05	26.74	3.08	754.34	86.69	1963.01	22.44	93.18	9.21	2082.93	16.27	1.45	0.16	2.26	0.25
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	939																											11	5.28	-1.93	-0.12	30.70					17.1	0.3	32.6	0.4	939	127	2181.7	7.70	0.06	2100	1990	77	1.20	24	7.70	0.05	33.37	4.53	935.69	126.55	1991.85	22.34	76.65	9.12	2101.87	17.69	1.19	0.15	1.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	939																											24	5.41	-2.07	-0.01	30.80					17.1	0.3	32.6	0.4	939	127	2181.7	7.70	0.06	2100	1990	77	1.20	24	7.70	0.05	33.37	4.53	935.69	126.55	1991.85	22.34	76.65	9.12	2101.87	17.69	1.19	0.15	1.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	939																											38	4.18	-2.03	0.13	30.95					17.1	0.3	32.6	0.4	939	127	2181.7	7.70	0.06	2100	1990	77	1.20	24	7.70	0.05	33.37	4.53	935.69	126.55	1991.85	22.34	76.65	9.12	2101.87	17.69	1.19	0.15	1.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	939																											48	5.07	-1.84	0.28	31.10					17.1	0.3	32.6	0.4	939	127	2181.7	7.70	0.06	2100	1990	77	1.20	24	7.70	0.05	33.37	4.53	935.69	126.55	1991.85	22.34	76.65	9.12	2101.87	17.69	1.19	0.15	1.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	939																											52	4.39	-1.62	0.06	30.88					17.1	0.3	32.6	0.4	939	127	2181.7	7.70	0.06	2100	1990	77	1.20	24	7.70	0.05	33.37	4.53	935.69	126.55	1991.85	22.34	76.65	9.12	2101.87	17.69	1.19	0.15	1.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	939																											56	5.53	-2.06	0.08	30.90					17.1	0.3	32.6	0.4	939	127	2181.7	7.70	0.06	2100	1990	77	1.20	24	7.70	0.05	33.37	4.53	935.69	126.55	1991.85	22.34	76.65	9.12	2101.87	17.69	1.19	0.15	1.86	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	1114																											14	5.83	-2.13	0.00	30.82					17.2	0.2	32.6	0.3	1114	150	2177.3	7.63	0.05	2117	2011	66	1.04	24	7.63	0.05	39.47	5.32	1110.08	149.47	2013.07	19.65	66.29	8.02	2118.84	16.89	1.03	0.13	1.61	0.21
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	1114																											3	6.75	-2.10	-0.11	30.71					17.2	0.2	32.6	0.3	1114	150	2177.3	7.63	0.05	2117	2011	66	1.04	24	7.63	0.05	39.47	5.32	1110.08	149.47	2013.07	19.65	66.29	8.02	2118.84	16.89	1.03	0.13	1.61	0.21
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	1114																											51	5.01	-2.19	-0.03	30.79					17.2	0.2	32.6	0.3	1114	150	2177.3	7.63	0.05	2117	2011	66	1.04	24	7.63	0.05	39.47	5.32	1110.08	149.47	2013.07	19.65	66.29	8.02	2118.84	16.89	1.03	0.13	1.61	0.21
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	1114																											64	4.39	-2.19	-0.14	30.68					17.2	0.2	32.6	0.3	1114	150	2177.3	7.63	0.05	2117	2011	66	1.04	24	7.63	0.05	39.47	5.32	1110.08	149.47	2013.07	19.65	66.29	8.02	2118.84	16.89	1.03	0.13	1.61	0.21
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	1114																											66	3.43	-2.10	-0.11	30.71					17.2	0.2	32.6	0.3	1114	150	2177.3	7.63	0.05	2117	2011	66	1.04	24	7.63	0.05	39.47	5.32	1110.08	149.47	2013.07	19.65	66.29	8.02	2118.84	16.89	1.03	0.13	1.61	0.21
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	44	1	1114																											7	4.83	-2.17	-0.15	30.67					17.2	0.2	32.6	0.3	1114	150	2177.3	7.63	0.05	2117	2011	66	1.04	24	7.63	0.05	39.47	5.32	1110.08	149.47	2013.07	19.65	66.29	8.02	2118.84	16.89	1.03	0.13	1.61	0.21
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	332																											13	2.28	-1.53	-2.10	28.90					24.8	0.2	31.7	0.3	332	71	2251.4	8.11	0.08	1942	1711	222	3.59	24	8.11	0.08	9.61	2.06	330.94	70.77	1713.57	71.85	220.60	29.50	1943.77	44.45	3.57	0.50	5.45	0.77
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	332																											21	2.01	-1.65	-1.94	29.07					24.8	0.2	31.7	0.3	332	71	2251.4	8.11	0.08	1942	1711	222	3.59	24	8.11	0.08	9.61	2.06	330.94	70.77	1713.57	71.85	220.60	29.50	1943.77	44.45	3.57	0.50	5.45	0.77
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	332																											24	1.43	-1.50	-2.17	28.83					24.8	0.2	31.7	0.3	332	71	2251.4	8.11	0.08	1942	1711	222	3.59	24	8.11	0.08	9.61	2.06	330.94	70.77	1713.57	71.85	220.60	29.50	1943.77	44.45	3.57	0.50	5.45	0.77
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	332																											44	3.28	-1.55	-1.96	29.05					24.8	0.2	31.7	0.3	332	71	2251.4	8.11	0.08	1942	1711	222	3.59	24	8.11	0.08	9.61	2.06	330.94	70.77	1713.57	71.85	220.60	29.50	1943.77	44.45	3.57	0.50	5.45	0.77
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	463																											12	1.82	-1.35	-1.77	29.22					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	463	68	2162.7	7.98	0.06	1933	1752	167	2.71	24	7.98	0.05	13.36	1.96	461.52	67.78	1753.49	42.26	166.68	17.34	1933.53	26.92	2.69	0.31	4.12	0.47
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	463																											15	1.30	-1.07	-1.85	29.14					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	463	68	2162.7	7.98	0.06	1933	1752	167	2.71	24	7.98	0.05	13.36	1.96	461.52	67.78	1753.49	42.26	166.68	17.34	1933.53	26.92	2.69	0.31	4.12	0.47
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	463																											40	2.33	-1.26	-1.73	29.26					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	463	68	2162.7	7.98	0.06	1933	1752	167	2.71	24	7.98	0.05	13.36	1.96	461.52	67.78	1753.49	42.26	166.68	17.34	1933.53	26.92	2.69	0.31	4.12	0.47
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	463																											39	2.18	-0.92	-1.84	29.15					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	463	68	2162.7	7.98	0.06	1933	1752	167	2.71	24	7.98	0.05	13.36	1.96	461.52	67.78	1753.49	42.26	166.68	17.34	1933.53	26.92	2.69	0.31	4.12	0.47
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	653																											6	2.36	-1.83	-2.03	28.96					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	653	87	2160.0	7.85	0.05	1989	1840	131	2.11	24	7.85	0.05	18.84	2.51	650.91	86.72	1840.52	32.76	130.20	13.48	1989.56	21.79	2.10	0.24	3.22	0.36
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	653																											7	1.62	-1.64	-2.18	28.82					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	653	87	2160.0	7.85	0.05	1989	1840	131	2.11	24	7.85	0.05	18.84	2.51	650.91	86.72	1840.52	32.76	130.20	13.48	1989.56	21.79	2.10	0.24	3.22	0.36
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	653																											43	2.07	-1.70	-1.66	29.33					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	653	87	2160.0	7.85	0.05	1989	1840	131	2.11	24	7.85	0.05	18.84	2.51	650.91	86.72	1840.52	32.76	130.20	13.48	1989.56	21.79	2.10	0.24	3.22	0.36
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	653																											47	3.13	-1.84	-1.93	29.06					24.9	0.2	31.8	0.3	653	87	2160.0	7.85	0.05	1989	1840	131	2.11	24	7.85	0.05	18.84	2.51	650.91	86.72	1840.52	32.76	130.20	13.48	1989.56	21.79	2.10	0.24	3.22	0.36
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	872																											4	1.17	-2.05	-1.71	29.28					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	872	100	2161.4	7.74	0.05	2034	1904	105	1.70	24	7.74	0.05	25.28	2.90	869.21	99.68	1906.90	24.14	103.77	9.98	2035.96	17.04	1.68	0.18	2.56	0.27
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	872																											18	2.57	-2.04	-1.87	29.12					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	872	100	2161.4	7.74	0.05	2034	1904	105	1.70	24	7.74	0.05	25.28	2.90	869.21	99.68	1906.90	24.14	103.77	9.98	2035.96	17.04	1.68	0.18	2.56	0.27
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	872																											23	4.50	-1.96	-2.04	28.95					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	872	100	2161.4	7.74	0.05	2034	1904	105	1.70	24	7.74	0.05	25.28	2.90	869.21	99.68	1906.90	24.14	103.77	9.98	2035.96	17.04	1.68	0.18	2.56	0.27
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	872																											33	3.31	-1.88	-1.96	29.03					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	872	100	2161.4	7.74	0.05	2034	1904	105	1.70	24	7.74	0.05	25.28	2.90	869.21	99.68	1906.90	24.14	103.77	9.98	2035.96	17.04	1.68	0.18	2.56	0.27
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1137																											1	2.57	-2.19	-1.74	29.25					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1137	140	2158.7	7.64	0.05	2069	1952	84	1.37	24	7.63	0.05	32.97	4.07	1133.36	139.55	1953.83	21.72	83.55	8.96	2070.35	16.77	1.35	0.16	2.06	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1137																											25	1.49	-2.15	-1.74	29.25					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1137	140	2158.7	7.64	0.05	2069	1952	84	1.37	24	7.63	0.05	32.97	4.07	1133.36	139.55	1953.83	21.72	83.55	8.96	2070.35	16.77	1.35	0.16	2.06	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1137																											29	1.47	-1.82	-1.53	29.46					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1137	140	2158.7	7.64	0.05	2069	1952	84	1.37	24	7.63	0.05	32.97	4.07	1133.36	139.55	1953.83	21.72	83.55	8.96	2070.35	16.77	1.35	0.16	2.06	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1137																											14	0.71	-1.93	-1.57	29.43					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1137	140	2158.7	7.64	0.05	2069	1952	84	1.37	24	7.63	0.05	32.97	4.07	1133.36	139.55	1953.83	21.72	83.55	8.96	2070.35	16.77	1.35	0.16	2.06	0.24
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1337																											16	1.02	-1.78	-1.67	29.32					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1337	167	2159.9	7.57	0.04	2091	1979	74	1.20	24	7.57	0.05	38.77	4.85	1332.71	166.46	1980.88	19.70	73.04	8.13	2092.68	16.36	1.18	0.14	1.80	0.22
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1337																											19	2.15	-2.54	-1.87	29.12					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1337	167	2159.9	7.57	0.04	2091	1979	74	1.20	24	7.57	0.05	38.77	4.85	1332.71	166.46	1980.88	19.70	73.04	8.13	2092.68	16.36	1.18	0.14	1.80	0.22
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1337																											32	3.23	-2.28	-1.95	29.04					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1337	167	2159.9	7.57	0.04	2091	1979	74	1.20	24	7.57	0.05	38.77	4.85	1332.71	166.46	1980.88	19.70	73.04	8.13	2092.68	16.36	1.18	0.14	1.80	0.22
laboratory	Scapharca broughtonii (mollusk)	591364	marinespecies.org	55	2	1337																											35	2.05	-2.71	-1.62	29.37					24.7	0.2	31.8	0.3	1337	167	2159.9	7.57	0.04	2091	1979	74	1.20	24	7.57	0.05	38.77	4.85	1332.71	166.46	1980.88	19.70	73.04	8.13	2092.68	16.36	1.18	0.14	1.80	0.22