Citation:

PANGAEA.924379

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and net community production and net ecosystem calciﬁcation in tide pools
Published: 2018
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Field experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

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Abstract:

Predicting the impacts of ocean acidification in coastal habitats is complicated by bio-physical feedbacks between organisms and carbonate chemistry. Daily changes in pH and other carbonate parameters in coastal ecosystems, associated with processes such as photosynthesis and respiration, often greatly exceed global mean predicted changes over the next century. We assessed the strength of these feedbacks under projected elevated CO2 levels by conducting a field experiment in 10 macrophyte-dominated tide pools on the coast of California, USA. We evaluated changes in carbonate parameters over time and found that under ambient conditions, daytime changes in pH, pCO2, net ecosystem calcification (NEC), and O2 concentrations were strongly related to rates of net community production (NCP). CO2 was added to pools during daytime low tides, which should have reduced pH and enhanced pCO2. However, photosynthesis rapidly reduced pCO2 and increased pH, so effects of CO2 addition were not apparent unless we accounted for seaweed and surfgrass abundances. In the absence of macrophytes, CO2 addition caused pH to decline by ∼0.6 units and pCO2 to increase by ∼487 µatm over 6 hr during the daytime low tide. As macrophyte abundances increased, the impacts of CO2 addition declined because more CO2 was absorbed due to photosynthesis. Effects of CO2addition were, therefore, modified by feedbacks between NCP, pH, pCO2, and NEC. Our results underscore the potential importance of coastal macrophytes in ameliorating impacts of ocean acidification.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Field experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

Supplement to:

Bracken, Matthew E S; Silbiger, N J; Bernatchez, Genevieve; Sorte, Cascade J B (2018): Primary producers may ameliorate impacts of daytime CO2 addition in a coastal marine ecosystem. PeerJ, 6, e4739, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4739

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2020): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.14. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: 38.316720 * Longitude: -123.071100

Event(s):

Horseshoe_Cove_OA * Latitude: 38.316720 * Longitude: -123.071100 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2020) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-10-30.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Bracken, Matthew E S		Study
2	Identification	ID		Bracken, Matthew E S		Pool
3	Day of experiment	DOE	day	Bracken, Matthew E S
4	Treatment	Treat		Bracken, Matthew E S
5	Time in hours	Time	h	Bracken, Matthew E S
6	Volume	Vol	m³	Bracken, Matthew E S
7	Surface area	Surface	m²	Bracken, Matthew E S
8	Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate	NC CaCO3	mmol/m²/h	Bracken, Matthew E S
9	Net community production, dissolved inorganic carbon	NCP DIC	mmol/m²/h	Bracken, Matthew E S
10	Difference	Diff		Bracken, Matthew E S		DIC
11	Δ alkalinity, total	Δ AT		Bracken, Matthew E S
12	Carbon dioxide, air-sea, flux	CO2 air-sea flux	mmol/m²/h	Bracken, Matthew E S
13	Salinity	Sal		Bracken, Matthew E S
14	Oxygen, dissolved	DO	mg/l	Bracken, Matthew E S
15	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Bracken, Matthew E S		Pool
16	pH	pH		Bracken, Matthew E S		total scale
17	Irradiance	E	µmol/m²/s	Bracken, Matthew E S
18	Nitrate and Nitrite	[NO3]- + [NO2]-	µmol/l	Bracken, Matthew E S
19	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Bracken, Matthew E S
20	Ammonium	[NH4]+	µmol/l	Bracken, Matthew E S
21	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Bracken, Matthew E S
22	Wind speed	ff	m/s	Bracken, Matthew E S
23	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Bracken, Matthew E S
24	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Bracken, Matthew E S
25	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Bracken, Matthew E S
26	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Bracken, Matthew E S
27	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Bracken, Matthew E S
28	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Bracken, Matthew E S
29	Area	Area	m²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Bare rock
30	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Mytilus californianus (sessile invertebrates)
31	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Barnacles (sessile invertebrates)
32	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Anthopleura xanthogrammica (sessile invertebrates)
33	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Sponge (sessile invertebrates)
34	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Mastocarpus pappilatus (sessile invertebrates)
35	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Endocladia muricata (sessile invertebrates)
36	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Cladophora columbiana (seaweeds)
37	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Corallina vancouveriensis (seaweeds)
38	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Encrusting corallines (seaweeds)
39	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Hildenbrandia rubra (seaweeds)
40	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Mazzaella flaccida (seaweeds)
41	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Petrocelis form of Mastocarpus (seaweeds)
42	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Prionitis lyallii (seaweeds)
43	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Gelidium coulteri (seaweeds)
44	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Bossiella californica (seaweeds)
45	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Mazzaella splendens (seaweeds)
46	Coverage	Cov	cm²	Bracken, Matthew E S		Phyllospadix torreyi (surfgrass)
47	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
48	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
49	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
50	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
51	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
52	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
53	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
54	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
55	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1100 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (Study)	2 ID (Pool)	3 DOE [day]	4 Treat	5 Time [h]	6 Vol [m³]	7 Surface [m²]	8 NC CaCO3 [mmol/m²/h]	9 NCP DIC [mmol/m²/h]	10 Diff (DIC)	11 Δ AT	12 CO2 air-sea flux [mmol/m²/h]	13 Sal	14 DO [mg/l]	15 Temp [°C] (Pool)	16 pH (total scale)	17 E [µmol/m²/s]	18 [NO3]- + [NO2]- [µmol/l]	19 [PO4]3- [µmol/l]	20 [NH4]+ [µmol/l]	21 AT [µmol/kg]	22 ff [m/s]	23 CO2 [µmol/kg]	24 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	25 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	26 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	27 DIC [µmol/kg]	28 Omega Cal	29 Area [m²] (Bare rock)	30 Cov [cm²] (Mytilus californianus (sessil...)	31 Cov [cm²] (Barnacles (sessile invertebra...)	32 Cov [cm²] (Anthopleura xanthogrammica (s...)	33 Cov [cm²] (Sponge (sessile invertebrates))	34 Cov [cm²] (Mastocarpus pappilatus (sessi...)	35 Cov [cm²] (Endocladia muricata (sessile ...)	36 Cov [cm²] (Cladophora columbiana (seaweeds))	37 Cov [cm²] (Corallina vancouveriensis (se...)	38 Cov [cm²] (Encrusting corallines (seaweeds))	39 Cov [cm²] (Hildenbrandia rubra (seaweeds))	40 Cov [cm²] (Mazzaella flaccida (seaweeds))	41 Cov [cm²] (Petrocelis form of Mastocarpu...)	42 Cov [cm²] (Prionitis lyallii (seaweeds))	43 Cov [cm²] (Gelidium coulteri (seaweeds))	44 Cov [cm²] (Bossiella californica (seaweeds))	45 Cov [cm²] (Mazzaella splendens (seaweeds))	46 Cov [cm²] (Phyllospadix torreyi (surfgrass))	47 CSC flag	48 CO2 [µmol/kg]	49 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	50 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	51 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	52 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	53 DIC [µmol/kg]	54 Omega Arg	55 Omega Cal
Field	1	1	Control	5.983333333	0.020973457	0.23	5.702550036	-24.925009620	126.67013370	-73.1517095	0.526710481	37.08	8.65	13.58	7.74	985.54	7.34	1.09	13.27	2197.08	4.25	33.83	894.03	1989.33	81.76	2104.91	1.23	0.06	200.00	0.00	400.00	0.00	50.00	0.00	0.00	50.00	25.00	1200.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	32.15	831.34	834.41	1992.04	80.68	2104.86	1.22	1.90
Field	2	1	CO2	5.866666667	0.016536788	0.22	8.727255534	15.230300750	-187.93496470	-133.1665025	-0.675612411	36.56	11.43	14.40	8.06	985.54	12.96	2.31	65.04	2197.21	4.26	15.05	384.55	1788.31	160.90	1964.25	2.44	0.02	25.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	900.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	25.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	13.70	362.32	363.65	1802.34	155.62	1971.67	2.36	3.67
Field	3	1	CO2	5.866666667	0.010807859	0.34	1.534023086	16.450134630	-331.42525380	-55.3499085	-0.386748557	37.32	12.37	14.68	8.18	985.54	37.92	2.31	165.04	2450.09	3.90	12.36	316.59	1868.60	234.06	2115.02	3.54	0.06	25.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	0.00	600.00	0.00	300.00	500.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	8	10.82	289.76	290.81	1898.51	222.11	2131.44	3.35	5.21
Field	4	1	CO2	5.816666667	0.010115767	0.16	-18.611241130	25.483956760	-65.27259511	334.7534245	-0.385187760	37.36	11.76	14.94	8.20	985.54	21.54	2.17	165.99	2384.60	3.90	11.57	297.03	1771.10	246.70	2029.37	3.74	0.09	50.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	25.00	0.00	0.00	400.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	9.85	265.96	266.92	1821.55	225.59	2056.99	3.41	5.29
Field	5	1	CO2	5.783333333	0.005096059	0.33	7.785882045	18.309793110	-976.61237960	-570.0590795	-0.581520469	36.82	14.57	17.62	8.42	985.54	11.32	2.10	40.17	1894.78	4.17	6.93	177.14	1180.99	265.74	1453.66	4.06	0.27	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	250.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	0.00	8	3.67	106.79	107.17	1191.60	268.11	1463.37	4.09	6.32
Field	6	1	Control	5.800000000	0.008300654	0.22	13.798034170	39.694997220	-817.20262760	-414.6770100	-0.890450260	37.60	13.76	15.66	8.25	985.54	14.54	1.84	36.57	1996.05	3.86	10.96	278.87	1416.88	220.47	1648.31	3.34	0.09	50.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	50.00	50.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	400.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	6.88	190.06	190.74	1453.89	208.76	1669.53	3.15	4.89
Field	7	1	Control	5.916666667	0.008048207	0.16	8.296788097	25.715575570	-398.82284890	-190.7929500	-0.673914474	37.28	12.73	15.96	8.07	985.54	5.09	0.84	12.10	2150.06	4.33	13.58	359.73	1712.31	171.86	1897.76	2.61	0.03	800.00	0.00	0.00	25.00	25.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	50.00	0.00	300.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	12.34	343.29	344.52	1730.91	164.96	1908.20	2.50	3.87
Field	8	1	Control	5.766666667	0.044324138	0.38	28.647019690	103.059719200	-638.36197500	-276.8866120	-0.384646326	37.74	14.86	15.90	8.29	985.54	13.37	2.28	93.85	2067.44	3.24	8.25	213.88	1434.45	244.06	1686.77	3.70	0.12	1100.00	10.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	25.00	25.00	500.00	0.00	0.00	2700.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	8	6.28	174.94	175.57	1465.26	233.52	1705.07	3.52	5.46
Field	9	1	CO2	5.766666667	0.045695616	1.00	12.319265400	66.555314780	-975.41678100	-303.9411390	-0.196112546	37.36	20.38	16.68	8.60	985.54	3.85	0.90	10.11	2042.69	3.55	4.55	114.63	1100.91	358.28	1463.74	5.46	0.48	1900.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	300.00	500.00	600.00	100.00	0.00	4000.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	8	2.27	64.62	64.85	1098.83	365.36	1466.46	5.54	8.57
Field	10	1	Control	5.683333333	0.037260597	0.43	22.803082800	29.499512180	-337.37740990	-292.3948370	-0.319709103	37.52	10.57	13.68	8.04	985.54	12.96	1.82	71.93	2165.51	3.71	14.99	386.50	1781.89	149.89	1946.78	2.26	0.17	100.00	100.00	300.00	0.00	25.00	25.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	500.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	300.00	0.00	2400.00	8	14.41	374.65	376.03	1790.88	146.67	1951.96	2.21	3.44
Field	1	2	CO2	6.050000000	0.020973457	0.23	9.720835826	-13.698657220	38.04076923	-126.0872463	1.887769031	37.28	8.71	14.70	7.69	1267.15	11.47	1.33	11.11	2184.74	5.61	35.53	969.89	1988.44	77.10	2101.08	1.16	0.06	200.00	0.00	400.00	0.00	50.00	0.00	0.00	50.00	25.00	1200.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	35.08	940.04	943.46	1992.70	75.43	2103.21	1.14	1.77
Field	2	2	Control	5.983333333	0.016536788	0.22	10.552640160	34.622906420	-355.87925030	-164.2215759	-0.561021808	37.34	13.42	15.98	8.20	1267.15	20.24	1.50	17.69	2156.24	5.98	9.44	254.73	1618.62	211.10	1839.16	3.21	0.02	25.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	900.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	25.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	8.57	238.77	239.63	1623.95	209.20	1841.73	3.17	4.91
Field	3	2	Control	5.966666667	0.010807859	0.34	4.200991179	14.379878850	-354.26985110	-154.1619321	-0.727197784	37.66	12.74	15.96	8.19	1267.15	50.74	1.92	68.09	2115.51	6.00	9.50	254.42	1583.54	207.07	1800.11	3.13	0.06	25.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	0.00	600.00	0.00	300.00	500.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	8	8.61	240.21	241.07	1597.31	202.33	1808.26	3.06	4.73
Field	4	2	Control	5.933333333	0.010115767	0.16	17.260454360	40.200047080	-533.18190680	-316.6842666	-0.660238615	37.74	14.73	15.98	8.30	1267.15	23.60	1.25	22.18	2070.76	5.65	7.29	193.48	1449.89	239.97	1697.15	3.63	0.09	50.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	25.00	0.00	0.00	400.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	6.10	170.14	170.75	1457.46	238.42	1701.97	3.60	5.58
Field	5	2	Control	5.900000000	0.005096059	0.33	3.836433536	8.289016778	-437.29697770	-286.5586439	0.416427911	37.98	15.66	19.42	8.48	1267.15	17.84	1.98	14.28	2015.28	5.46	3.30	97.31	1156.32	329.39	1489.00	5.02	0.27	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	250.00	0.00	0.00	500.00	0.00	8	2.97	91.51	91.82	1160.63	329.12	1492.71	5.01	7.69
Field	6	2	CO2	5.916666667	0.008300654	0.22	20.915409510	33.109879450	-828.19024960	-641.2217181	-0.002632218	37.62	16.16	17.24	8.50	1267.15	23.40	1.95	18.92	1926.15	5.29	3.32	91.80	1134.42	299.16	1436.90	4.54	0.09	50.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	50.00	50.00	200.00	0.00	0.00	400.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	2.89	83.56	83.85	1124.87	305.20	1432.96	4.63	7.15
Field	7	2	CO2	6.033333333	0.008048207	0.16	20.253781330	30.236660050	-599.31470600	-474.9399030	-0.625032087	37.36	13.55	18.10	8.12	1267.15	8.91	1.09	10.10	2057.12	5.47	10.41	295.70	1581.41	184.69	1776.52	2.82	0.03	800.00	0.00	0.00	25.00	25.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	50.00	0.00	300.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	8	9.59	284.10	285.09	1585.04	184.19	1778.82	2.80	4.32
Field	8	2	CO2	5.866666667	0.044324138	0.38	24.827582530	129.332724900	-757.32550950	-244.1313258	0.123855717	37.76	17.52	18.08	8.61	1267.15	19.14	2.00	25.07	2086.80	5.77	3.14	85.03	1081.09	386.62	1470.86	5.89	0.12	1100.00	10.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	25.00	25.00	500.00	0.00	0.00	2700.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	8	2.11	62.56	62.78	1079.31	390.65	1472.07	5.93	9.14
Field	9	2	Control	5.850000000	0.045695616	1.00	15.551513830	50.552504940	-830.68166360	-389.2318437	-0.274709415	37.50	19.10	18.88	8.58	1267.15	7.31	1.13	7.33	2061.39	5.60	3.97	107.15	1082.10	374.51	1460.58	5.73	0.48	1900.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	300.00	500.00	600.00	100.00	0.00	4000.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	8	2.24	68.01	68.25	1089.11	377.06	1468.41	5.75	8.84
Field	10	2	CO2	5.816666667	0.037260597	0.43	30.807894950	43.040210650	-487.61172180	-404.3050893	-0.463552108	38.22	12.05	15.46	8.15	1267.15	20.52	2.11	39.45	2088.13	5.49	10.28	279.49	1611.32	184.30	1805.90	2.77	0.17	100.00	100.00	300.00	0.00	25.00	25.00	0.00	200.00	0.00	500.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	200.00	300.00	0.00	2400.00	8	9.61	264.73	265.69	1611.69	184.86	1806.15	2.78	4.31