Nardone, Jessica A; Patel, Shrey; Siegel, Kyle R; Tedesco, Dana; McNicholl, Conall G; O'Malley, Jessica; Herrick, Jack; Metzler, Rebecca A; Orihuela, Beatriz; Rittschof, Daniel; Dickinson, Gary H (2018): Seawater carbonate chemistry and adhesion and shell formation of the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.922978
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Abstract:
Barnacles are dominant members of marine intertidal communities. Their success depends on firm attachment provided by their proteinaceous adhesive and protection imparted by their calcified shell plates. Little is known about how variations in the environment affect adhesion and shell formation processes in barnacles. Increased levels of atmospheric CO2 have led to a reduction in the pH of ocean waters (i.e., ocean acidification), a trend that is expected to continue into the future. Here, we assessed if a reduction in seawater pH, at levels predicted within the next 200 years, would alter physiology, adhesion, and shell formation in the cosmopolitan barnacle Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite. Juvenile barnacles, settled on silicone substrates, were exposed to one of three static levels of pHT, 8.01, 7.78, or 7.50, for 13 weeks. We found that barnacles were robust to reduced pH, with no effect of pH on physiological metrics (mortality, tissue mass, and presence of eggs). Likewise, adhesive properties (adhesion strength and adhesive plaque gross morphology) were not affected by reduced pH. Shell formation, however, was affected by seawater pH. Shell mass and base plate area were higher in barnacles exposed to reduced pH; barnacles grown at pHT 8.01 exhibited approximately 30% lower shell mass and 20% smaller base plate area as compared to those at pHT 7.50 or 7.78. Enhanced growth at reduced pH appears to be driven by the increased size of the calcite crystals that comprise the shell. Despite enhanced growth, mechanical properties of the base plate (but not the parietal plates) were compromised at the lowest pH level. Barnacle base plates at pHT 7.50 broke more easily and crack propagation, measured through microhardness testing, was significantly affected by seawater pH. Other shell metrics (plate thickness, relative crystallinity, and atomic disorder) were not affected by seawater pH. Hence, a reduction in pH resulted in larger barnacles but with base plates that would crack more readily. It is yet to be determined if such changes would alter the survival of A. amphitrite in the field, but changes in the abundance of this ecologically dominant species would undoubtedly affect the composition of biofouling communities.
Keyword(s):
Supplement to:
Nardone, Jessica A; Patel, Shrey; Siegel, Kyle R; Tedesco, Dana; McNicholl, Conall G; O'Malley, Jessica; Herrick, Jack; Metzler, Rebecca A; Orihuela, Beatriz; Rittschof, Daniel; Dickinson, Gary H (2018): Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. Frontiers in Marine Science, 5, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00369
Further details:
Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2019): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.12. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=seacarb
Project(s):
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-09-18.
Parameter(s):
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
294 data points
Data
1 Type (study) | 2 Species | 3 Reg spec no | 4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID) | 5 Exp duration [days] | 6 Treat | 7 Tis DM [mg] | 8 Dry m std e [±] | 9 Repl [#] | 10 Adhesive str [Mpa] | 11 Adhesive str std e [±] | 12 Repl [#] | 13 SDM [g] (whole) | 14 Dry m std e [±] (whole shell dry mass) | 15 Repl [#] | 16 h [mm] | 17 h std e [±] | 18 Repl [#] | 19 Cryst (v2/v4) | 20 Cryst std e [±] (v2/v4) | 21 Repl [#] | 22 Atomic disorder (slope of v2/v3 vs.v4/v3) | 23 Atomic disorder std e [±] (slope of v2/v3 vs.v4/v3) | 24 Repl [#] | 25 Area [cm2] | 26 Area std e [±] | 27 Repl [#] | 28 Thick [mm] | 29 Thick std e [±] | 30 Repl [#] | 31 Microhardness | 32 Microhardness std e [±] | 33 Repl [#] | 34 Crack propagation [µm] | 35 Crack propagation std e [±] | 36 Repl [#] | 37 Cal crystal area [µm2] | 38 Cal crystal area std e | 39 Repl [#] | 40 Ca [%] | 41 Ca std e [±] | 42 Repl [#] | 43 Mg [%] | 44 Mg std e [±] | 45 Repl [#] | 46 Thick [mm] | 47 Thick std e [±] | 48 Repl [#] | 49 Microhardness | 50 Microhardness std e [±] | 51 Repl [#] | 52 Crack propagation [µm] | 53 Crack propagation std e [±] | 54 Repl [#] | 55 Cal crystal area [µm2] | 56 Cal crystal area std e | 57 Repl [#] | 58 Ca [%] | 59 Ca std e [±] | 60 Repl [#] | 61 Mg [%] | 62 Mg std e [±] | 63 Repl [#] | 64 pH (total scale, Potentiometric) | 65 pH std dev [±] (total scale, Potentiometric) | 66 Temp [°C] | 67 Temp std dev [±] | 68 Sal | 69 Sal std dev [±] | 70 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 71 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 72 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 73 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 74 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 75 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 76 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 77 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 78 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration) | 79 AT std dev [±] (Potentiometric titration) | 80 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2calc) | 81 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 82 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 83 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 84 CO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 85 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 86 fCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 87 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 88 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 89 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 90 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 91 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 92 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 93 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 94 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 95 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 96 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 97 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 98 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) |
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laboratory | Amphibalanus amphitrite (Arthropoda ) | 421137 | marinespecies.org | 91 | pH=8.01 | 0.94 | 0.06 | 45 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 58 | 0.0125 | 0.7 | 41 | 2.43 | 0.06 | 59 | 4.29 | 0.05 | 8 | 2.04 | 0.12 | 4 | 1530 | 70 | 59 | 0.116 | 10.4 | 16 | 256 | 9.0 | 16 | 12.0 | 0.6 | 15 | 0.74 | 0.05 | 16 | 39.6 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.49 | 0.03 | 16 | 214 | 8.6 | 14 | 251 | 9.3 | 16 | 10.8 | 0.7 | 16 | 1.13 | 0.05 | 16 | 41.6 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.39 | 0.02 | 16 | 8.01 | 0.03 | 25 | 0.1 | 35.8 | 0.5 | 412.8 | 35.5 | 1889.6 | 41.3 | 1687.5 | 40.5 | 190.5 | 14.3 | 2166.6 | 47.7 | 4.55 | 0.33 | 8 | 11.55 | 1.03 | 408.53 | 36.54 | 409.83 | 36.66 | 1691.12 | 47.97 | 190.60 | 12.40 | 1893.26 | 46.97 | 3.01 | 0.24 | 4.56 | 0.36 |
laboratory | Amphibalanus amphitrite (Arthropoda ) | 421137 | marinespecies.org | 91 | pH=7.78 | 1.06 | 0.06 | 40 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 50 | 0.0164 | 1.1 | 44 | 2.53 | 0.07 | 52 | 4.45 | 0.17 | 8 | 2.33 | 0.56 | 3 | 1840 | 80 | 52 | 0.098 | 6.3 | 15 | 245 | 8.8 | 16 | 12.6 | 0.8 | 16 | 1.45 | 0.12 | 16 | 40.0 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.47 | 0.03 | 16 | 239 | 12.8 | 16 | 256 | 12.3 | 16 | 11.3 | 0.6 | 16 | 1.39 | 0.08 | 16 | 41.7 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.38 | 0.03 | 16 | 7.78 | 0.04 | 25 | 0.1 | 35.7 | 0.5 | 810.4 | 119.5 | 2015.5 | 49.7 | 1871.7 | 53.5 | 120.9 | 17.1 | 2174.7 | 49.6 | 2.89 | 0.41 | 8 | 21.68 | 2.37 | 766.25 | 83.75 | 768.70 | 84.02 | 1867.31 | 50.73 | 123.65 | 10.88 | 2012.63 | 50.32 | 1.95 | 0.19 | 2.96 | 0.29 |
laboratory | Amphibalanus amphitrite (Arthropoda ) | 421137 | marinespecies.org | 91 | pH=7.5 | 1.08 | 0.05 | 50 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 61 | 0.0162 | 0.9 | 49 | 2.53 | 0.06 | 62 | 4.25 | 0.10 | 8 | 1.53 | 0.48 | 3 | 1810 | 70 | 61 | 0.122 | 8.5 | 16 | 252 | 10.3 | 16 | 15.3 | 1.2 | 16 | 1.46 | 0.15 | 16 | 39.9 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.41 | 0.02 | 16 | 257 | 19.3 | 16 | 243 | 11.9 | 16 | 10.6 | 0.6 | 16 | 1.52 | 0.10 | 16 | 42.0 | 0.6 | 16 | 0.36 | 0.01 | 16 | 7.50 | 0.04 | 25 | 0.1 | 35.8 | 0.5 | 1747.7 | 263.4 | 2330.6 | 92.5 | 2203.9 | 89.8 | 77.4 | 10.4 | 2394.1 | 86.3 | 1.85 | 0.25 | 8 | 48.77 | 5.23 | 1725.04 | 185.21 | 1730.57 | 185.80 | 2206.75 | 82.40 | 76.86 | 7.53 | 2332.38 | 86.51 | 1.21 | 0.13 | 1.84 | 0.20 |