Citation:

PANGAEA.922147

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida)
Published: 2018
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arctic; Behaviour; Boreogadus saida; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Nekton; Pelagos; Polar; Respiration; Single species; Temperature

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Abstract:

Oceans are experiencing increasing acidification in parallel to a distinct warming trend in consequence of ongoing climate change. Rising seawater temperatures are mediating a northward shift in distribution of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), into the habitat of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), that is associated with retreating cold water masses. This study investigates the competitive strength of the co-occurring gadoids under ocean acidification and warming (OAW) scenarios. Therefore, we incubated specimens of both species in individual tanks for 4 months, under different control and projected temperatures (polar cod: 0, 3, 6, 8 °C, Atlantic cod: 3, 8, 12, 16 °C) and PCO2 conditions (390 and 1170 µatm) and monitored growth, feed consumption and standard metabolic rate. Our results revealed distinct temperature effects on both species. While hypercapnia by itself had no effect, combined drivers caused nonsignificant trends. The feed conversion efficiency of normocapnic polar cod was highest at 0 °C, while optimum growth performance was attained at 6 °C; the long-term upper thermal tolerance limit was reached at 8 °C. OAW caused only slight impairments in growth performance. Under normocapnic conditions, Atlantic cod consumed progressively increasing amounts of feed than individuals under hypercapnia despite maintaining similar growth rates during warming. The low feed conversion efficiency at 3 °C may relate to the lower thermal limit of Atlantic cod. In conclusion, Atlantic cod displayed increased performance in the warming Arctic such that the competitive strength of polar cod is expected to decrease under future OAW conditions.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arctic; Behaviour; Boreogadus saida; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Nekton; Pelagos; Polar; Respiration; Single species; Temperature

Supplement to:

Kunz, Kristina Lore; Claireaux, Guy; Pörtner, Hans-Otto; Knust, Rainer; Mark, Felix Christopher (2018): Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions. Journal of Experimental Biology, 221(21), jeb184473, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.184473

Original version:

Kunz, Kristina Lore; Claireaux, Guy; Knust, Rainer; Pörtner, Hans-Otto; Mark, Felix Christopher (2018): Swimming performance and respiration data of Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under future ocean conditions. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.889447

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2019): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.12. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-07-07.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Kunz, Kristina Lore		study
2	Species	Species		Kunz, Kristina Lore
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Kunz, Kristina Lore
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Kunz, Kristina Lore		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Kunz, Kristina Lore		acclimation
6	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Kunz, Kristina Lore
7	Sample code/label	Sample label		Kunz, Kristina Lore		Fish number
8	Length, total	TL	mm	Kunz, Kristina Lore
9	Wet mass	Wet m	g	Kunz, Kristina Lore
10	Speed, swimming, gait transition	Ugait	arbitrary units	Kunz, Kristina Lore		as body length per second
11	Speed, swimming, critical	Ucrit	arbitrary units	Kunz, Kristina Lore		as body length per second
12	Burst counts, maximum	Burst counts max	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore
13	Total bursts	Total bursts	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore
14	Time, spent bursting	Time burst	s	Kunz, Kristina Lore
15	Estimated investment, anaerobic	Anaerobic invest	%	Kunz, Kristina Lore
16	Metabolic rate of oxygen, standard	SMR O2	µmol/min/g	Kunz, Kristina Lore		SMR
17	Metabolic rate of oxygen, maximum	MMR O2	µmol/min/g	Kunz, Kristina Lore		MMR
18	Aerobic scope, oxygen	AS	µmol/min/g	Kunz, Kristina Lore		of exercise
19	Swimming efficiency, maximum	Emax	arbitrary units	Kunz, Kristina Lore		Efficiency at maximum swimming speed, as (body length * g)/µmol
20	Velocity	Vel	arbitrary units	Kunz, Kristina Lore		as body length per second
21	Burst counts per velocity step	Burst counts	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore		specimen 1
22	Burst counts per velocity step	Burst counts	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore		specimen 2
23	Burst counts per velocity step	Burst counts	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore		specimen 3
24	Burst counts per velocity step	Burst counts	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore		specimen 4
25	Burst counts per velocity step	Burst counts	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore		specimen 5
26	Burst counts, mean	Burst counts mean	#	Kunz, Kristina Lore		per velocity
27	Salinity	Sal		Kunz, Kristina Lore
28	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore
29	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
30	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
31	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Kunz, Kristina Lore
32	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore
33	pH	pH		Kunz, Kristina Lore	Potentiometric	total scale
34	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Potentiometric	total scale
35	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
36	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
37	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
38	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
39	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
40	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
41	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
42	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
43	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
44	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore	Calculated using CO2SYS
45	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Kunz, Kristina Lore
46	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Kunz, Kristina Lore
47	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
48	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
49	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
50	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
51	Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation	fCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
52	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
53	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
54	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
55	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
56	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
57	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
58	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
59	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
60	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
61	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
62	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
63	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

9121 data points

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