Citation:

PANGAEA.919748

Name: Impacts of combined temperature and salinity stress on the endemic Arctic brown seaweed Laminaria solidungula – physiological and biochemical results of laboratory experiments with young sporophytes
Published: 2020-07-02
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: C:N; DPS; Fv/Fm; kelp; Mannitol; Multiple-stressor

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS Citation BibTeX Citation Text Citation Facebook Twitter

Abstract:

Macroalgae such as kelp are important ecosystem engineers in the Polar Regions and potentially affected by freshening and ocean warming. The endemic Arctic kelp Laminaria solidungula might be particularly imperiled and become locally extinct from Arctic fjord systems in the future, since temperature increase is most pronounced in the Polar Regions. Additionally, increased temperatures cause glacier and sea ice melting and enhancing terrestrial run-off from snowfields, which eventually can result in hyposaline conditions in fjord systems. We conducted a multiple-stressor experiment at four temperatures (0, 5, 10, 15 °C) and two salinities (SA 25, 35) over 14 days to investigate the combined effects of increasing temperature and decreasing salinities on young L. solidungula sporophytes. The experiment was conducted with laboratory cultures (AWI culture number 3130) at Alfred Wegener Institute - Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven in February 2018. As physiological parameter, the maximum photosynthetic quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm; Imaging-PAM) was monitored every fourth day with an Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH Mess- und Regeltechnik, Effeltrich, Germany). The total nitrogen, total carbon content was analyzed with an elemental analyzer and the C:N ratio calculated. Phlorotannins, mannitol as well as absolute pigment concentrations were analyzed using a HPLC and the deepoxydation state of the xanthophyll cycle (DPS) calculated.

Keyword(s):

C:N; DPS; Fv/Fm; kelp; Mannitol; Multiple-stressor

Related to:

Diehl, Nora; Karsten, Ulf; Bischof, Kai (2020): Impacts of combined temperature and salinity stress on the endemic Arctic brown seaweed Laminaria solidungula J. Agardh. Polar Biology, 43(6), 647-656, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02668-5

Comment:

Samples:

laboratory cultures: gametophyte strain of Laminaria solidungula from Spitsbergen – as stock culture obtained from the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; AWI culture number 3130 – not separated into male and female gametophytes

Treatment details – two-factorial experiment:

experimental set-up -> 4 temperatures, 2 salinities, 2L aerated Kautex bottles, ½ PES, 30 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR, 16:8-h-light:dark conditions, medium changed 2x/week

initial -> 0°C, total salinity (SA) 35

temperature acclimation -> within 1 week

treatments -> 0°C_SA25, 0°C_SA35, 5°C_SA25, 5°C_SA35, 10°C_SA25, 10°C_SA35, 15°C_SA25, 15°C_SA35 for 10 days

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Diehl, Nora
2	Family	Family		Diehl, Nora
3	Treatment: temperature	T:temp	°C	Diehl, Nora
4	Treatment: salinity	T:sal		Diehl, Nora		Treatment: salinity
5	Replicate	Repl		Diehl, Nora
6	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/g	Diehl, Nora	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
7	Chlorophyll c2	Chl c2	µg/g	Diehl, Nora	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)	Chl c2
8	Fucoxanthin	Fuco	µg/g	Diehl, Nora	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
9	beta-Carotene	b-Car	µg/g	Diehl, Nora	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
10	Violaxanthin + Antheraxanthin + Zeaxanthin	Viola+Anth+Zea	µg/g	Diehl, Nora	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
11	De-expoxidation state of xanthophyll cycle	DPS		Diehl, Nora		DPS
12	Phlorotannins	Phloro	mg/g	Diehl, Nora
13	Mannitol	Mannitol	µmol/g	Diehl, Nora	High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
14	Carbon/Nitrogen ratio	C/N	mol/mol	Diehl, Nora
15	Carbon, per dry mass	C/dm	mg/g	Diehl, Nora
16	Nitrogen, per dry mass	N/dm	mg/g	Diehl, Nora
17	Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Diehl, Nora	Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH Mess- und Regeltechnik, Effeltrich, Germany)	day 0
18	Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Diehl, Nora	Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH Mess- und Regeltechnik, Effeltrich, Germany)	day 7
19	Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Diehl, Nora	Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH Mess- und Regeltechnik, Effeltrich, Germany)	day 11
20	Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Diehl, Nora	Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH Mess- und Regeltechnik, Effeltrich, Germany)	day 15
21	Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Diehl, Nora	Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH Mess- und Regeltechnik, Effeltrich, Germany)	day 19
22	Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Diehl, Nora	Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH Mess- und Regeltechnik, Effeltrich, Germany)	day 22

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Size:

2212 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 Family	3 T:temp [°C]	4 T:sal (Treatment: salinity)	5 Repl	6 Chl a [µg/g] (High Performance Liquid Chrom...)	7 Chl c2 [µg/g] (Chl c2, High Performance Liqu...)	8 Fuco [µg/g] (High Performance Liquid Chrom...)	9 b-Car [µg/g] (High Performance Liquid Chrom...)	10 Viola+Anth+Zea [µg/g] (High Performance Liquid Chrom...)	11 DPS (DPS)	12 Phloro [mg/g]	13 Mannitol [µmol/g] (High Performance Liquid Chrom...)	14 C/N [mol/mol]	15 C/dm [mg/g]	16 N/dm [mg/g]	17 Fv/Fm (day 0, Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH...)	18 Fv/Fm (day 7, Imaging-PAM (Walz GmbH...)	19 Fv/Fm (day 11, Imaging-PAM (Walz Gmb...)	20 Fv/Fm (day 15, Imaging-PAM (Walz Gmb...)	21 Fv/Fm (day 19, Imaging-PAM (Walz Gmb...)	22 Fv/Fm (day 22, Imaging-PAM (Walz Gmb...)
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	1	3403.030	406.088	1452.244	179.930	270.251	0.287	1.181	1057.612	13.544	343.625	29.599		0.582	0.535	0.574	0.660	0.657
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	1	628.391	129.325	370.986	61.283	97.839	0.343	1.425	920.242	13.539	341.566	29.432		0.612	0.593	0.588	0.717	0.634
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	1	673.834	126.048	380.807	58.191	79.002	0.250	1.071	1115.484	13.410	346.917	30.181		0.599	0.578	0.671	0.615	0.736
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	1													0.679
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	2	1118.435	149.949	502.575	57.261	65.705	0.118	1.190	1101.224	13.536	342.846	29.549		0.583	0.524	0.559	0.645	0.708
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	2	900.511	146.754	491.320	59.519	72.939	0.166	1.454	1133.615	13.485	339.033	29.333		0.606	0.495	0.637	0.711	0.677
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	2	608.138	136.340	366.208	59.463	66.854	0.183	1.410	1133.615	13.517	343.026	29.606		0.567	0.574	0.668	0.683	0.679
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	2													0.596
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	3	742.720	130.488	423.051	57.124	83.669	0.242	1.369	1234.251	14.394	351.262	28.471		0.595	0.551	0.625	0.690	0.666
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	3	758.678	140.187	434.023	62.973	89.564	0.279	1.470	1044.125	13.485	350.827	30.351		0.546	0.613	0.622	0.682	0.685
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	3	706.948	144.398	406.077	65.222	86.302	0.232	1.584	1163.460	13.362	350.192	30.576		0.580	0.427	0.630	0.642	0.695
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	3													0.634
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	4	1044.736	136.493	467.162	54.826	80.716	0.209	1.051	1040.685	14.281	355.198	29.016		0.620	0.591	0.653	0.693	0.727
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	4	756.538	136.919	436.679	60.180	106.201	0.327	1.403	1142.898	14.192	355.999	29.264		0.601	0.649	0.614	0.689	0.689
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	4	732.808	145.110	410.515	61.094	104.416	0.339	1.213	1080.501	14.205	360.567	29.614		0.492	0.565	0.468	0.614	0.692
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	25	4													0.628
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	1	651.931	126.096	372.878	61.089	74.240	0.105	1.264	1563.139	15.298	342.204	26.097	0.623	0.605	0.655	0.610	0.632	0.632
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	1	726.415	132.923	411.172	59.572	73.352	0.107	1.481	1422.765	15.176	327.738	25.195		0.645	0.633	0.635	0.632	0.648
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	1	473.043	131.739	287.737	60.705	79.218	0.177	1.577	1496.257	15.050	344.350	26.694		0.590	0.618	0.642	0.752	0.688
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	1													0.619
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	2	679.313	149.684	385.908	61.969	89.431	0.158	1.371	1357.598	15.760	353.924	26.201		0.661	0.630	0.624	0.665	0.639
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	2	705.632	140.415	399.111	58.103	82.609	0.137	1.380	1479.556	15.645	351.435	26.208		0.658	0.652	0.725	0.596	0.679
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	2	555.216	145.758	320.515	60.083	89.986	0.185	1.413	1707.553	15.567	352.507	26.419		0.617	0.663	0.519	0.681	0.633
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	2													0.629
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	3	650.079	142.619	380.376	61.699	88.906	0.183	1.385	1714.171	16.088	405.116	29.379		0.654	0.560	0.680	0.690	0.711
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	3	832.383	147.285	459.955	62.237	89.636	0.172	1.546	1532.857	15.363	345.154	26.211		0.592	0.637	0.566	0.593	0.672
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	3	519.987	139.746	307.597	60.124	87.382	0.204	1.453	1662.533	15.537	346.864	26.046		0.572	0.582	0.583	0.680	0.635
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	3													0.596
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	4	722.007	150.025	408.743	63.388	90.810	0.172	1.239	1774.906	16.844	354.683	24.567		0.565	0.563	0.713	0.674	0.736
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	4	600.738	132.767	346.428	57.404	82.017	0.190	1.392	1728.023	17.060	357.746	24.464		0.615	0.538	0.502	0.618	0.676
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	4	679.123	151.994	377.650	64.948	89.741	0.211	1.564	1740.128	17.175	359.450	24.416		0.619	0.644	0.662	0.669	0.628
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	0	35	4													0.622
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	1	694.169	138.214	405.241	64.306	79.208	0.246	1.271	1177.953	12.359	326.743	30.845		0.663	0.639	0.568	0.668	0.707
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	1	833.767	153.732	471.222	66.716	86.768	0.238	2.606	1078.771	12.097	332.807	32.095		0.626	0.601	0.583	0.673	0.677
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	1	444.615	117.013	283.226	57.882	72.012	0.303	1.633	1016.939	12.127	333.452	32.079		0.562	0.648	0.660	0.639	0.698
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	1													0.605
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	2	945.234	154.356	513.731	55.871	86.806	0.435	1.489	1184.093	15.182	348.186	26.757		0.637	0.647	0.557	0.613	0.732
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	2	1325.277	206.430	723.947	78.049	126.386	0.400	1.601	1316.133	15.271	347.338	26.536		0.717	0.616	0.617	0.602	0.719
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	2	810.314	156.509	467.845	60.704	83.183	0.342	1.841	1290.504	15.243	345.320	26.431		0.687	0.362	0.672	0.676	0.641
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	2													0.704
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	3	920.155	151.519	508.458	67.231	75.401	0.231	1.322	1187.531	15.020	348.965	27.106		0.646	0.640	0.546	0.622	0.648
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	3	837.775	145.054	481.804	62.788	75.602	0.269	1.615	1151.548	14.193	344.693	28.333		0.635	0.363	0.576	0.654	0.722
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	3	558.343	133.111	338.587	60.969	65.705	0.297	1.704	1064.772	14.005	346.212	28.841		0.631	0.570	0.656	0.613	0.672
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	3													0.666
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	4	864.256	181.969	509.869	71.947	54.501	0.208	1.357	1276.952	13.734	335.007	28.459		0.618	0.687	0.702	0.692	0.672
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	4	1012.640	186.356	585.805	70.653	55.583	0.204	1.613	1274.757	13.872	384.289	32.320		0.668	0.598	0.665	0.520	0.721
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	4	686.542	170.168	412.644	67.386	48.457	0.233	1.576	1267.714	13.756	334.861	28.400		0.664	0.707	0.675	0.642	0.669
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	25	4													0.668
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	1	516.572	142.988	329.252	57.561	68.046	0.304	1.247	1617.457	16.638	345.073	24.197	0.637	0.540	0.653	0.690	0.627	0.717
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	1	627.091	143.400	368.768	59.659	76.137	0.319	1.606	1548.152	17.162	351.109	23.868		0.576	0.597	0.605	0.728	0.723
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	1	536.056	157.664	325.161	65.491	78.275	0.272	1.467	1599.387	16.674	349.684	24.467		0.573	0.622	0.658	0.630	0.724
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	1													0.662
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	2	655.113	155.610	394.530	62.461	61.377	0.141	1.253	1608.020	15.607	327.745	24.500		0.704	0.629	0.621	0.644	0.739
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	2	653.491	159.087	391.633	65.287	50.808	0.140	1.437	1548.186	15.907	329.329	24.155		0.676	0.611	0.625	0.677	0.695
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	2	512.362	146.602	319.029	62.524	46.343	0.119	1.482	1677.924	15.746	329.682	24.428		0.673	0.631	0.629	0.717	0.713
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	2													0.671
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	3	817.065	140.271	458.694	56.755	53.782	0.177	1.170	1821.823	17.706	337.412	22.232		0.632	0.685	0.594	0.706	0.719
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	3	594.423	131.815	374.173	58.370	50.750	0.186	1.461	1731.771	17.145	344.027	23.410		0.660	0.656	0.698	0.598	0.631
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	3	411.068	126.667	271.365	58.738	48.000	0.197	1.619	1802.572	17.302	315.391	21.267		0.661	0.611	0.688	0.605	0.662
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	3													0.650
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	4	620.251	162.400	383.581	66.607	56.987	0.215	1.534	1660.060	16.646	339.611	23.802		0.709	0.703	0.704	0.699	0.653
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	4	751.063	173.043	451.322	68.844	58.165	0.164	1.548	1677.029	16.415	338.083	24.029		0.685	0.668	0.696	0.645	0.697
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	4	667.551	171.221	400.548	69.249	51.119	0.117	1.665	1363.420	15.697	337.265	25.067		0.635	0.682	0.673	0.676	0.724
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	5	35	4													0.671
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	1	651.544	147.441	403.873	63.163	47.672	0.094	1.147	1298.830	22.382	365.007	19.026		0.703	0.682	0.692	0.656	0.748
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	1	628.999	142.604	395.196	62.129	49.366	0.106	1.372	1314.339	21.590	364.031	19.671		0.676	0.662	0.662	0.720	0.717
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	1	398.811	121.083	271.687	58.355	51.282	0.127	1.239	1239.442	21.347	352.684	19.275		0.691	0.671	0.665	0.690	0.709
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	1													0.702
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	2	552.796	129.362	354.335	58.815	78.013	0.367	1.208	1249.147	20.009	360.518	21.021		0.650	0.647	0.715	0.718	0.557
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	2	83.146	15.083	50.614	6.372	7.884	0.293	1.513	1246.515	20.106	357.427	20.740		0.674	0.691	0.651	0.717	0.655
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	2	613.938	145.901	382.385	64.344	76.460	0.319	1.389	1244.821	19.712	357.974	21.187		0.683	0.666	0.705	0.671	0.608
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	2													0.660
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	3	690.314	154.891	419.740	62.209	55.998	0.142	1.552	1274.423	20.673	345.453	19.496		0.703	0.698	0.706	0.719	0.741
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	3	575.381	148.288	365.814	60.042	43.041	0.092	1.422	1321.533	20.910	357.010	19.919		0.679	0.696	0.703	0.649	0.696
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	3	465.310	129.195	304.380	54.395	38.436	0.124	1.453	1370.451	21.255	354.663	19.467		0.679	0.697	0.717	0.707	0.682
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	3													0.703
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	4	1091.423	205.787	629.002	75.672	41.260	0.058	1.242	1653.791	22.353	345.326	18.023		0.665	0.682	0.716	0.690	0.691
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	4	1004.896	185.082	597.519	70.997	36.886	0.082	1.597	1665.654	21.946	325.425	17.300		0.649	0.715	0.698	0.699	0.691
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	4	822.009	192.221	497.450	69.607	33.796	0.082	1.542	1458.154	21.979	330.977	17.568		0.623	0.705	0.723	0.705	0.682
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	25	4													0.645
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	1	845.484	169.332	529.280	68.791	104.892	0.113	0.946	1573.837	27.680	376.180	15.855	0.645	0.688	0.691	0.673	0.734	0.687
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	1	736.227	172.176	474.083	72.914	108.748	0.142	1.036	1608.314	25.802	377.630	17.075		0.704	0.690	0.681	0.730	0.649
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	1	0.005	0.001	0.003	0.001	0.001	0.127	1.216	1326.476	25.767	364.797	16.517		0.677	0.705	0.658	0.667	0.623
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	1													0.689
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	2	621.865	150.225	415.236	65.738	86.939	0.092	1.250	1703.337	25.103	373.281	17.348		0.682	0.666	0.736	0.744	0.738
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	2	701.615	153.576	456.299	68.297	86.110	0.071	1.408	1590.716	24.910	375.976	17.609		0.703	0.710	0.730	0.666	0.690
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	2	541.251	148.634	362.486	66.393	94.372	0.175	1.258	1571.008	24.802	378.295	17.795		0.645	0.704	0.711	0.696	0.662
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	2													0.648
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	3	481.286	124.978	340.796	62.753	85.081	0.159	1.246	1674.716	24.650	369.378	17.482		0.665	0.671	0.650	0.732	0.583
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	3	463.297	121.908	331.461	61.380	82.709	0.160	1.395	1748.467	24.776	372.036	17.519		0.664	0.693	0.719	0.661	0.705
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	3	401.233	121.814	284.111	62.839	85.610	0.131	1.453	1751.361	25.350	371.846	17.113		0.648	0.720	0.734	0.724	0.715
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	3													0.696
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	4	568.976	162.593	380.395	75.002	92.372	0.077	1.032	1194.410	25.954	379.426	17.056		0.666	0.735	0.721	0.727	0.688
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	4	682.233	156.110	450.170	67.991	79.531	0.058	1.215	1554.478	25.500	370.669	16.959		0.683	0.724	0.690	0.746	0.675
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	4	491.239	155.494	334.445	70.597	81.788	0.057	1.273	2050.876	26.270	379.316	16.845		0.703	0.710	0.728	0.753	0.737
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	10	35	4													0.682
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	1	455.477	107.412	336.928	47.515	87.387	0.334	1.189	1286.613	20.549	358.464	20.351		0.653	0.426	0.642	0.542	0.469
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	1	484.738	101.610	359.140	40.900	94.940	0.480	1.600	989.301	20.371	354.150	20.282		0.605	0.606	0.633	0.501	0.223
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	1	473.563	110.625	340.875	43.875	103.063	0.508	1.470	1145.510	20.731	357.460	20.117		0.678	0.518	0.532	0.558	0.325
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	1													0.704
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	2	693.545	138.671	469.833	61.578	97.204	0.167	1.087	1221.646	22.228	375.782	19.723		0.641	0.641	0.627	0.581	0.631
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	2	532.782	129.319	387.680	55.482	108.044	0.326	1.368	1169.319	22.429	372.406	19.371		0.661	0.552	0.696	0.670	0.311
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	2	499.036	132.156	358.923	57.811	107.789	0.252	1.397	1195.480	22.264	373.481	19.571		0.675	0.652	0.506	0.584	0.378
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	2													0.691
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	3	656.904	153.562	461.390	62.621	102.463	0.283	0.981	1242.443	24.552	372.905	17.720		0.641	0.699	0.703	0.680	0.476
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	3	789.167	137.600	530.119	52.101	91.207	0.253	1.320	1232.820	23.174	371.683	18.712		0.695	0.694	0.631	0.644	0.639
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	3	658.230	140.477	450.655	59.086	101.966	0.308	1.223	1272.686	23.315	370.328	18.531		0.666	0.687	0.694	0.667	0.538
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	3													0.673
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	4	587.514	135.968	411.477	54.201	108.247	0.491	1.166	1141.008	22.975	366.679	18.620		0.692	0.684	0.728	0.554	0.233
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	4	708.076	128.722	488.037	51.301	100.512	0.439	1.509	1160.679	23.075	366.628	18.537		0.652	0.690	0.634	0.534	0.256
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	4	548.031	120.688	385.728	49.180	96.803	0.498	1.582	1112.659	23.244	374.289	18.787		0.678	0.722	0.726	0.382	0.275
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	25	4													0.681
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	1	455.582	104.751	331.295	45.606	81.651	0.304	0.952	1227.685	26.505	378.677	16.668	0.618	0.695	0.684	0.579	0.608	0.553
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	1	842.202	122.700	503.821	47.269	98.217	0.386	1.309	1124.203	26.942	375.432	16.257		0.658	0.603	0.641	0.640	0.512
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	1	638.881	122.696	430.078	46.492	97.203	0.370	1.115	1401.207	27.087	380.955	16.408		0.645	0.615	0.679	0.626	0.561
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	1													0.695
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	2	681.876	127.289	447.469	48.663	93.312	0.444	1.178	1356.578	27.107	377.803	16.260		0.666	0.700	0.750	0.666	0.482
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	2	649.613	127.028	441.740	51.346	98.451	0.425	1.306	1148.340	26.919	377.089	16.343		0.676	0.737	0.717	0.667	0.597
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	2	630.536	136.114	430.827	54.325	106.505	0.459	1.316	1351.048	27.029	373.359	16.115		0.686	0.708	0.722	0.613	0.636
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	2													0.682
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	3	512.163	105.667	363.234	49.413	81.064	0.293	1.031	1377.383	26.145	375.247	16.745		0.673	0.669	0.713	0.637	0.527
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	3	617.032	117.647	423.090	51.273	69.886	0.335	1.203	1367.629	27.725	379.910	15.987		0.669	0.682	0.616	0.665	0.512
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	3	448.132	106.858	320.978	50.249	91.361	0.413	1.387	1335.782	27.431	377.921	16.074		0.665	0.658	0.706	0.689	0.544
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	3													0.697
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	4	415.962	119.130	306.356	48.436	96.822	0.418	0.979	1364.294	27.113	377.323	16.236		0.669	0.698	0.740	0.651	0.587
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	4	788.923	130.215	500.062	48.985	85.169	0.308	1.163	1425.074	27.550	376.714	15.953		0.691	0.716	0.689	0.629	0.348
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	4	650.735	111.165	423.635	46.822	73.202	0.293	1.435	1395.736	27.680	376.083	15.852		0.671	0.722	0.722	0.659	0.534
Laminaria solidungula	Phaeophyceae	15	35	4													0.680