/* DATA DESCRIPTION: Citation: Reiser, Fabian; Willmes, Sascha; Heinemann, Günther (2020): Daily sea ice lead data for Arctic and Antarctic. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.917588 Replaced by: Willmes, Sascha; Heinemann, Günther; Reiser, Fabian (2023): ArcLeads: Daily sea-ice lead maps for the Arctic, 2002-2021, NOV-APR. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.955561 (new version 2023-02) Abstract: The data show the long-term relative sea ice lead frequencies for the Arctic (November – April 2002/03 – 2018/19) and Antarctic (April – September 2003 – 2019), respectively. The data are projected onto the coordinate grid EPSG:3413 (ARC) and ESPG:3412 (ANT) at a spatial resolution of 1 km² and are stored as NetCDF4 files. Ice surface temperature data (MYD/MOD29 col. 6 [Hall and Riggers, 2015]) from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are used to derive daily observations of sea ice leads in both polar regions. Sea ice leads are defined as significant local surface temperature anomalies and they are automatically identified during a two-stage process, including 1) the tile-based retrieval of potential sea ice leads and 2) the identification of cloud artefacts using fuzzy logic (see Reiser et al., 2020 for further details [Reiser et al., 2020]). Subsequently, all daily sea ice lead maps are combined to long-term averages showing the climatological distribution of leads in the Arctic and Antarctic, respectively. The dataset represents an update for the Arctic (Willmes & Heinemann, 2016 [Willmes and Heinemann, 2016]) and is the first for the Antarctic. These maps reveal, that multiple distinct features with increased lead frequencies are present that are related to bathymetric structures, e.g. the continental shelf break or ridges and troughs. Keyword(s): leads; satellite data; Sea ice Supplement to: Reiser, Fabian; Willmes, Sascha; Heinemann, Günther (2020): A New Algorithm for Daily Sea Ice Lead Identification in the Arctic and Antarctic Winter from Thermal-Infrared Satellite Imagery. Remote Sensing, 12(12), 1957, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121957 Related to: Hall, D K; Riggs, George (2015): MODIS/Terra Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 1km. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC (accessed on 15 October 2019), https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD29.006 Willmes, Sascha; Heinemann, Günther (2015): Sea-Ice Wintertime Lead Frequencies and Regional Characteristics in the Arctic, 2003–2015. Remote Sensing, 8(1), 4, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8010004 Project(s): CATS - The Changing Arctic Transpolar System (CATS) (URI: https://www.transdrift.info/home) Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas (SPP1158) (URI: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5472008) Funding: Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (URI: https://www.bmbf.de/), grant/award no. 03F0776D: Das arktische transpolare System im Wandel; Vorhaben: Veränderungen der Atmosphäre-Meereis-Ozean Interaktionen und deren Einfluß auf das transpolare System (TP 2) (URI: https://foerderportal.bund.de/foekat/jsp/SucheAction.do?actionMode=view&fkz=03F0776D) Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (URI: https://www.bmbf.de/), grant/award no. 03F0831C: Vorhaben: Atmosphäre-Land-Meereis-Ozean Wechselwirkung (URI: https://foerderportal.bund.de/foekat/jsp/SucheAction.do?actionMode=view&fkz=03F0831C) German Research Foundation (DFG) (URI: http://www.dfg.de/en/), grant/award no. 5472008: Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas (URI: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5472008) German Research Foundation (DFG) (URI: http://www.dfg.de/en/), grant/award no. HE 2740/22 and WI 3314/3: Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas (DFG-SPP1158) Coverage: MEDIAN LATITUDE: 0.000000 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 0.000000 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -90.000000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 0.000000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 90.000000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 0.000000 Event(s): pan-Antarctica * LATITUDE: -90.000000 * LONGITUDE: 0.000000 pan-Arctic * LATITUDE: 90.000000 * LONGITUDE: 0.000000 * LOCATION: Arctic Parameter(s): Event label (Event) * PI: Reiser, Fabian (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-8452, reiser@uni-trier.de) File name (File name) * PI: Reiser, Fabian (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-8452, reiser@uni-trier.de) File format (File format) * PI: Reiser, Fabian (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-8452, reiser@uni-trier.de) File size [kByte] (File size) * PI: Reiser, Fabian (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-8452, reiser@uni-trier.de) Uniform resource locator/link to file (URL file) * PI: Reiser, Fabian (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-8452, reiser@uni-trier.de) Change history: 2023-02-20T07:27:59 - A new version of the data has been uploaded, and can be found here: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.955561 License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Size: 8 data points */ Event File name File format File size [kByte] URL file pan-Antarctica Antarctic_Relleads_2003_2019.nc NC 142813.281 https://store.pangaea.de/Publications/ReiserF-etal_2020/Antarctic_Relleads_2003_2019.nc pan-Arctic Arctic_Relleads_2002_2019.nc NC 81407.117 https://store.pangaea.de/Publications/ReiserF-etal_2020/Arctic_Relleads_2002_2019.nc