Citation:

PANGAEA.914391

Name: δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C record of Paragloborotalia siakensis and Dentoglobigerina venezuelana from IODP Hole 321-U1337A
Published: 2020-04-03
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: equatorial Pacific; Miocene; planktic foraminifera

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Abstract:

Knowledge of the equatorial thermocline is essential for understanding climate changes in the tropical Pacific. Multispecies planktic foraminiferal analyses provide a way to examine temperature distributions and thus the structure of the thermocline. Although the secular thermocline development has been documented back to the late Miocene, the early to middle Miocene interval has rarely been examined. In addition, relationships with the dynamic Antarctic ice sheets remain unclear. Here we investigate the vertical thermal gradient in the upper water column at Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1337 in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) throughout the early to middle Miocene (23.1 to 11.7 Ma). The gradient increased over the Miocene Climatic Optimum, whereas it decreased during the East Antarctic Ice Sheet Expansion (EAIE). Comparison of the EEP record with its western equatorial Pacific (WEP) counterpart suggests that sea surface temperature was more stable in the WEP than in the EEP. We further estimated equatorial thermocline from two diagonal gradients between the EEP and the WEP: thermocline shoaled from 16.7 to 15.7 Ma and tilt weakened between 16.5 and 13.8 Ma. The onset of the "Monterey Excursion" and the reduced Antarctic ice sheet volume would have affected thermocline depth and tilt, respectively. Thermocline depth was likely much deeper compared to Pliocene‐to‐modern conditions. Furthermore, a 4‐point‐based distribution of isotherms (4DI index) was used as a metric of the evenness or unevenness of the isotherm distributions. The 4DI index considerably reduced at around the EAIE and other Mi‐events, reflecting the evenly distributed isotherms under a more glaciated Antarctica.

Keyword(s):

equatorial Pacific; Miocene; planktic foraminifera

Supplement to:

Matsui, Hiroki; Nishi, Hiroshi; Kuroyanagi, Azumi; Hayashi, Hiroki; Ikehara, Minoru; Takashima, Reishi (2017): Vertical thermal gradient history in the eastern equatorial Pacific during the early to middle Miocene: Implications for the equatorial thermocline development. Paleoceanography, 32(7), 729-743, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016PA003058

Further details:

Wilkens, Roy H; Dickens, Gerald Roy; Tian, Jun; Backman, Jan; Expedition 320/321 Scientists (2013): Data report: revised composite depth scales for Sites U1336, U1337, and U1338. In: Proceedings of the IODP, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.proc.320321.209.2013

Project(s):

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP)

Coverage:

Latitude: 3.833445 * Longitude: -123.206035

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 226.79 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 448.82 m

Event(s):

321-U1337A * Latitude: 3.833445 * Longitude: -123.206035 * Elevation: -4472.0 m * Recovery: 420.11 m * Campaign: (Pacific Equatorial Age Transect II / Juan de Fuca) * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 48 cores; 449.8 m cored; 93.4 % recovered; 0 m drilled; 449.8 m penetrated

Comment:

(1) = Analytical precisions are ±0.10‰ for δ¹⁸O and ±0.04‰ for δ¹³C, whereas blank indicates those are ±0.05‰ forδ¹⁸O and ±0.03‰ for δ¹³C.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Sample code/label	Sample label		Matsui, Hiroki	DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation
2	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m	Matsui, Hiroki		Geocode – mbsf
3	Depth, composite revised, adjusted	Depth adj rmcd	armcd	Matsui, Hiroki		reported by Wilkens et al., 2013
4	AGE	Age	ka BP	Matsui, Hiroki		Geocode
5	Paragloborotalia siakensis, δ13C	P. siakensis δ13C	‰ PDB	Matsui, Hiroki
6	Paragloborotalia siakensis, δ18O	P. siakensis δ18O	‰ PDB	Matsui, Hiroki
7	Sample comment	Sample comment		Matsui, Hiroki		to Paragloborotalia siakensis
8	Dentoglobigerina venezuelana, δ13C	D. venezuelana δ13C	‰ PDB	Matsui, Hiroki
9	Dentoglobigerina venezuelana, δ18O	D. venezuelana δ18O	‰ PDB	Matsui, Hiroki
10	Sample comment	Sample comment		Matsui, Hiroki		to Dentoglobigerina venezuelana

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Size:

1016 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Sample label	2 Depth sed [m] (mbsf)	3 Depth adj rmcd [armcd] (reported by Wilkens et al., 2013)	4 Age [ka BP]	5 P. siakensis δ13C [‰ PDB]	6 P. siakensis δ18O [‰ PDB]	7 Sample comment (to Paragloborotalia siakensis)	8 D. venezuelana δ13C [‰ PDB]	9 D. venezuelana δ18O [‰ PDB]	10 Sample comment (to Dentoglobigerina venezuelana)
321-U1337A-25X-3,38-40	226.79	247.66	11710	1.73	-0.55
321-U1337A-25X-4,111-113	229.02	249.89	11750	1.41	-0.41		1.20	0.58
321-U1337A-25X-5,38-40	229.79	250.66	11770	1.57	-0.55		1.62	-0.18	(1)
321-U1337A-25X-5,111-113	230.52	251.39	11790	1.42	-0.35		1.34	0.49	(1)
321-U1337A-25X-6,38-40	231.29	252.16	11800	1.67	-0.57		1.49	-0.21	(1)
321-U1337A-26X-2,38-40	234.89	255.47	11880	1.36	-0.39
321-U1337A-26X-4,38-40	237.89	258.47	11960	1.29	-0.04		1.20	0.98	(1)
321-U1337A-26X-4,111-113	238.62	259.20	11980	1.35	-0.38		1.26	0.93	(1)
321-U1337A-26X-5,111-113	240.12	260.70	12020				1.24	0.07	(1)
321-U1337A-26X-6,38-40	240.89	261.47	12040	1.61	-0.57		1.62	0.29	(1)
321-U1337A-28X-1,38-40	252.09	271.74	12220	1.66	-0.08		1.56	0.32	(1)
321-U1337A-28X-2,38-40	253.59	273.24	12260	1.77	0.07		1.52	0.69	(1)
321-U1337A-28X-2,111-113	254.32	273.97	12290	1.76	-0.19		1.66	0.30	(1)
321-U1337A-28X-3,38-40	255.09	274.74	12320	1.69	-0.06
321-U1337A-28X-3,98-100	255.82	275.47	12360	1.85	0.10		1.65	0.66	(1)
321-U1337A-28X-4,38-40	256.09	275.74	12370	1.69	0.07		1.47	0.99
321-U1337A-29X-1,38-40	261.69	288.82	12880	1.63	-0.32		1.43	0.65
321-U1337A-29X-1,111-113	262.42	289.55	12910	1.68	-0.14		1.63	0.16	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-2,38-40	263.19	290.32	12940				1.57	0.32	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-2,111-113	263.92	291.05	12970	1.66	-0.19		1.63	0.44	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-3,42-44	264.69	291.82	13000				1.49	0.24	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-3,111-113	265.42	292.55	13030	1.67	-0.12		1.48	0.64	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-4,111-113	266.92	294.05	13090	1.63	-0.38		1.38	0.23	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-5,38-40	267.69	294.82	13120	1.59	-0.41		1.28	0.52	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-6,98-100	269.92	297.05	13210	1.76	-0.18		1.59	0.30	(1)
321-U1337A-29X-7,38-40	270.19	297.32	13210	1.84	-0.34		1.72	0.38	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-1,38-40	271.19	299.65	13280	1.95	-0.25		1.56	0.59	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-1,111-113	271.92	300.38	13310	1.85	-0.25		1.65	0.69	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-2,38-40	272.69	301.15	13340	1.92	-0.41		1.62	0.74
321-U1337A-30X-2,111-113	273.42	301.88	13370	1.73	-0.41		1.52	0.63	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-3,38-40	274.19	302.65	13400	1.94	-0.54		1.79	0.72	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-3,111-113	274.92	303.38	13430	1.86	-0.81		1.83	0.58	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-4,38-40	275.69	304.15	13450	2.30	-0.10		2.29	0.79	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-5,111-113	277.92	306.38	13530	1.89	-0.29		1.87	0.75	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-6,38-40	278.69	307.15	13560	1.96	-0.34		1.84	0.79	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-6,111-113	279.42	307.88	13590	1.75	-0.61		1.76	0.49	(1)
321-U1337A-30X-7,38-40	280.19	308.65	13610	1.92	-0.34		1.76	0.49	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-1,38-40	280.89	309.83	13650				2.04	0.61	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-1,111-113	281.62	310.56	13670	1.97	-0.26		1.92	0.61	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-2,38-40	282.39	311.33	13690				1.94	0.48	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-2,111-113	283.12	312.06	13700	2.17	-0.16		2.07	0.98	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-3,38-40	283.89	312.83	13720	2.29	0.28		2.17	0.64	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-3,111-113	284.62	313.56	13740	2.25	-0.15		2.10	0.42	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-4,38-40	285.39	314.33	13770	2.25	-0.38		2.23	0.20	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-4,111-113	286.12	315.06	13790	2.30	-0.33		2.15	1.01
321-U1337A-31X-5,38-40	286.89	315.83	13830	2.43	0.12		2.34	0.90	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-5,111-113	287.62	316.56	13850	2.16	-0.26		2.15	0.98
321-U1337A-31X-6,38-40	288.39	317.33	13880	2.22	-0.37		2.19	0.76	(1)
321-U1337A-31X-6,111-113	289.12	318.06	13920	1.78	-0.42		1.67	0.74
321-U1337A-32X-3,111-113	294.32	322.76	14190	2.09	-0.96		1.91	0.68
321-U1337A-32X-4,38-40	295.09	323.53	14230	1.97	-0.79		1.93	0.15	(1)
321-U1337A-32X-4,111-113	295.82	324.26	14250	2.33	-0.56		2.03	0.91
321-U1337A-32X-5,81-83	297.32	325.76	14320	1.80	-1.23		1.84	0.52	(1)
321-U1337A-33X-2,111-113	302.32	329.97	14520				1.86	0.79
321-U1337A-33X-3,36-38	303.09	330.74	14560	2.23	-0.52
321-U1337A-33X-4,38-40	304.59	332.24	14620	2.07	-0.62		1.82	0.83	(1)
321-U1337A-33X-4,112-114	305.32	332.97	14670	2.35	-0.79		2.13	0.32
321-U1337A-33X-5,38-40	306.09	333.74	14700				2.17	0.29	(1)
321-U1337A-33X-5,111-113	306.82	334.47	14740	1.96	-0.73
321-U1337A-33X-6,38-40	307.59	335.24	14780	1.98	-0.49		1.79	0.63	(1)
321-U1337A-33X-6,111-113	308.32	335.97	14820	2.21	-0.70		1.99	0.36	(1)
321-U1337A-33X-7,38-40	308.79	336.44	14840	1.85	-0.73
321-U1337A-33X-7,73-75	309.52	337.17	14880	2.20	-0.54		1.98	0.55	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-1,38-40	309.69	338.59	14950	2.29	-0.64		2.02	0.64	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-1,111-113	310.42	339.32	15000	2.07	-0.54		2.02	0.70	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-2,111-113	311.92	340.82	15080	2.29	-0.79
321-U1337A-34X-3,108-110	313.42	342.32	15150	2.23	-1.04	(1)	2.12	0.27	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-4,108-110	314.92	343.82	15250	2.04	-0.81		1.86	0.28	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-5,38-40	315.69	344.59	15270	2.32	-0.93		2.08	0.18	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-5,111-113	316.42	345.32	15310	2.23	-0.71		2.13	0.54	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-6,38-40	317.19	346.09	15340	2.21	-0.63		2.03	0.46	(1)
321-U1337A-34X-6,111-113	317.92	346.82	15370	2.20	-0.61		2.02	0.69
321-U1337A-35X-1,38-40	319.29	347.96	15430	2.26	-0.50		1.96	0.35	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-1,111-113	320.02	348.69	15470	2.18	-0.70		1.97	0.10	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-2,108-110	321.52	350.19	15560	1.99	-1.14	(1)	1.60	-0.10	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-3,38-40	322.29	350.96	15600	2.06	-0.75		2.07	0.38	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-3,111-113	323.02	351.69	15640	2.06	-0.57		1.94	0.50	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-5,38-40	325.29	353.96	15780	2.35	-0.65		2.16	0.24	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-5,111-113	326.02	354.69	15830				1.88	0.34	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-6,38-40	326.79	355.46	15880	2.45	-0.75	(1)	2.14	0.66	(1)
321-U1337A-35X-6,65-67	327.52	356.19	15900	2.31	-0.73	(1)	2.14	0.67	(1)
321-U1337A-36X-1,38-40	328.89	358.18	15930	2.04	-0.70		2.12	0.40	(1)
321-U1337A-36X-2,38-40	330.39	359.68	15950	2.28	-0.96	(1)	2.40	0.10	(1)
321-U1337A-36X-2,111-113	331.12	360.41	15960	2.25	-0.79		2.20	0.27	(1)
321-U1337A-36X-3,38-40	331.89	361.18	15970	2.24	-1.04	(1)	2.38	-0.09	(1)
321-U1337A-36X-3,111-113	332.62	361.91	16000	1.96	-0.74		1.76	0.20	(1)
321-U1337A-36X-4,110-112	334.12	363.41	16090	1.94	-0.67		2.02	0.25
321-U1337A-36X-5,38-40	334.89	364.18	16140	1.90	-0.80		2.50	0.54	(1)
321-U1337A-36X-6,38-40	336.39	365.68	16240	1.78	-0.84	(1)	1.84	0.43	(1)
321-U1337A-37X-1,38-40	338.39	369.22	16410	1.93	-0.81	(1)	2.00	0.08	(1)
321-U1337A-37X-1,112-114	339.12	369.95	16450	1.54	-1.06		1.63	-0.30	(1)
321-U1337A-37X-2,111-113	340.62	371.45	16540	1.54	-0.39		1.70	0.07	(1)
321-U1337A-37X-3,38-40	341.39	372.22	16590				1.55	0.00	(1)
321-U1337A-37X-6,38-40	345.89	376.72	16870				1.64	0.27	(1)
321-U1337A-38X-1,110-112	348.72	380.89	17090	1.72	-0.61	(1)	1.74	0.54	(1)
321-U1337A-38X-2,110-112	350.22	382.39	17180	1.47	-0.40		1.47	0.65	(1)
321-U1337A-38X-3,40-42	350.99	383.16	17230				1.47	0.19	(1)
321-U1337A-38X-4,38-40	351.99	384.16	17290	1.73	-0.33		1.80	0.29	(1)
321-U1337A-39X-1,38-40	357.59	390.17	17620	1.09	-0.15		1.34	-0.01	(1)
321-U1337A-39X-1,113-115	358.32	390.90	17660	0.99	-0.44	(1)	1.22	0.17	(1)
321-U1337A-39X-2,38-40	359.09	391.67	17710	0.86	-0.20		1.05	0.19	(1)
321-U1337A-39X-2,111-113	359.82	392.40	17750				1.06	0.19	(1)
321-U1337A-39X-3,38-40	360.59	393.17	17800				1.32	0.29	(1)
321-U1337A-39X-4,110-112	362.82	395.40	17940				1.19	0.31	(1)
321-U1337A-39X-7,36-38	366.29	398.87	18140				1.25	0.22	(1)
321-U1337A-40X-1,36-38	367.19	402.35	18330	1.24	-0.25		1.49	0.30	(1)
321-U1337A-40X-1,111-113	367.92	403.08	18360	1.22	-0.43	(1)	1.50	0.52	(1)
321-U1337A-40X-3,38-40	370.19	405.35	18490	1.11	0.47
321-U1337A-40X-4,110-112	372.42	407.58	18620	1.60	-0.28		1.70	0.29	(1)
321-U1337A-40X-5,38-40	373.19	408.35	18660	1.37	-0.38		1.60	1.03	(1)
321-U1337A-40X-5,111-113	373.92	409.08	18710				1.37	0.30	(1)
321-U1337A-40X-6,38-40	374.69	409.85	18750	1.42	0.01		1.48	0.57	(1)
321-U1337A-41X-1,38-40	376.79	412.93	18900	1.28	-0.27		1.27	0.63	(1)
321-U1337A-41X-1,110-112	377.52	413.66	18940	1.44	0.36		1.59	0.62
321-U1337A-41X-3,38-40	379.79	415.93	19060	1.36	0.17		1.46	0.78	(1)
321-U1337A-41X-4,38-40	381.29	417.43	19130	1.07	0.36		1.21	0.48	(1)
321-U1337A-41X-5,38-40	382.79	418.93	19200	1.38	-0.37		1.49	0.56	(1)
321-U1337A-41X-6,111-113	385.02	421.16	19300	1.29	-0.27		1.51	0.78	(1)
321-U1337A-41X-7,74-76	386.22	422.36	19350	1.51	-0.01		1.58	0.92	(1)
321-U1337A-42X-2,111-113	388.62	427.14	19570	1.28	-0.14		1.56	0.82	(1)
321-U1337A-42X-3,38-40	389.39	427.91	19600	1.28	-0.09		1.45	0.75	(1)
321-U1337A-42X-4,111-113	391.62	430.14	19700	1.20	0.01		1.23	0.48	(1)
321-U1337A-42X-6,38-40	393.89	432.41	19800	1.40	-0.08		1.59	0.40	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-1,110-112	396.72	435.06	19920	1.17	-0.15		1.26	0.28	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-2,38-40	397.49	435.83	19950	1.32	0.15		1.48	0.86	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-2,110-112	398.22	436.56	19980	1.37	0.09		1.69	0.44	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-3,38-40	398.99	437.33	20020	1.23	0.17		1.26	0.84	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-3,110-112	399.72	438.06	20050	1.45	0.12		1.48	0.95	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-4,38-40	400.49	438.83	20090	1.32	0.39		1.56	1.18	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-4,110-112	401.22	439.56	20120	1.14	0.00		1.37	0.62	(1)
321-U1337A-43X-5,38-40	401.99	440.33	20160	1.13	-0.01
321-U1337A-43X-5,110-112	402.72	441.06	20190	1.02	-0.14
321-U1337A-43X-7,38-40	404.49	442.83	20270	0.92	-0.13		1.01	0.67	(1)
321-U1337A-44X-1,111-113	406.02	444.36	20340	1.04	0.39
321-U1337A-44X-3,38-40	408.29	446.63	20440	1.17	0.19		1.20	0.65
321-U1337A-44X-5,38-40	411.29	449.63	20580	0.85	-0.01		1.01	0.47
321-U1337A-44X-6,38-40	412.79	451.13	20650	1.40	0.24
321-U1337A-44X-7,35-37	413.79	452.13	20690	1.40	0.06		1.42	0.64
321-U1337A-45X-1,111-113	415.62	455.47	20810	0.96	0.09
321-U1337A-45X-2,111-113	417.12	456.97	20880	1.35	0.08		1.38	0.88
321-U1337A-45X-3,111-113	418.62	458.47	20950	1.31	0.10		1.21	0.97
321-U1337A-45X-4,112-114	420.12	459.97	21020	1.18	0.11		1.33	1.05
321-U1337A-45X-5,111-113	421.62	461.47	21080	1.20	-0.09		1.28	0.46
321-U1337A-45X-7,38-40	423.37	463.22	21180	1.43	-0.25		1.25	0.76
321-U1337A-46X-1,38-40	424.39	470.71	21590	1.40	0.32		1.60	0.53
321-U1337A-46X-4,36-38	428.89	475.21	21840	1.27	0.29		1.37	0.69
321-U1337A-46X-5,111-113	431.12	477.44	21970	1.39	0.44		1.44	0.28
321-U1337A-46X-6,38-40	431.89	478.21	22010	1.21	0.04		1.25	0.79
321-U1337A-46X-6,107-109	432.62	478.94	22050	1.55	0.36		1.55	0.32
321-U1337A-46X-7,39-41	432.99	479.31	22070	1.52	0.25		1.59	0.63
321-U1337A-47X-1,110-112	434.72	483.14	22280	1.38	0.24		1.49	0.64
321-U1337A-47X-2,111-113	436.22	484.64	22360	1.36	0.31		1.14	0.80
321-U1337A-47X-5,38-40	439.99	488.41	22570	1.66	0.30
321-U1337A-47X-5,114-116	440.72	489.14	22610	1.89	0.30		1.89	0.55
321-U1337A-47X-6,111-113	442.22	490.64	22700	1.44	0.37		1.25	0.88
321-U1337A-48X-1,38-40	443.59	492.49	22800	1.57	0.40
321-U1337A-48X-2,111-113	445.82	494.72	22920	1.77	0.41		1.62	0.77
321-U1337A-48X-3,38-40	446.59	495.49	22970				1.39	1.07
321-U1337A-48X-4,38-40	448.09	496.99	23050	1.21	0.19		1.23	0.67
321-U1337A-48X-4,106-108	448.82	497.72	23090	1.47	0.06		1.32	0.54