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Velez, Zélia; Roggatz, Christina C; Benoit, David M; Hardege, Jörg D; Hubbard, Peter C (2019): Seawater carbonate chemistry and olfactory sensitivity of Gilthead Seabream. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.908234, Supplement to: Velez, Z et al. (2019): Short- and Medium-Term Exposure to Ocean Acidification Reduces Olfactory Sensitivity in Gilthead Seabream. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00731

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Abstract:
The effects of ocean acidification on fish are only partially understood. Studies on olfaction are mostly limited to behavioral alterations of coral reef fish; studies on temperate species and/or with economic importance are scarce. The current study evaluated the effects of short- and medium-term exposure to ocean acidification on the olfactory system of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), and attempted to explain observed differences in sensitivity by changes in the protonation state of amino acid odorants. Short-term exposure to elevated PCO2 decreased olfactory sensitivity to some odorants, such as L-serine, L-leucine, L-arginine, L-glutamate, and conspecific intestinal fluid, but not to others, such as L-glutamine and conspecific bile fluid. Seabream were unable to compensate for high PCO2 levels in the medium term; after 4 weeks exposure to high PCO2, the olfactory sensitivity remained lower in elevated PCO2 water. The decrease in olfactory sensitivity in high PCO2 water could be partly attributed to changes in the protonation state of the odorants and/or their receptor(s); we illustrate how protonation due to reduced pH causes changes in the charge distribution of odorant molecules, an essential component for ligand-receptor interaction. However, there are other mechanisms involved. At a histological level, the olfactory epithelium contained higher densities of mucus cells in fish kept in high CO2 water, and a shift in pH of the mucus they produced to more neutral. These differences suggest a physiological response of the olfactory epithelium to lower pH and/or high CO2 levels, but an inability to fully counteract the effects of acidification on olfactory sensitivity. Therefore, the current study provides evidence for a direct, medium term, global effect of ocean acidification on olfactory sensitivity in fish, and possibly other marine organisms, and suggests a partial explanatory mechanism.
Keyword(s):
Animalia; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; Nekton; Other studied parameter or process; Pelagos; Single species; Sparus aurata; Temperate
Further details:
Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Hagens, Mathilde; Hofmann, Andreas; Mueller, Jens-Daniel; Proye, Aurélien; Rae, James; Soetaert, Karline (2019): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.12. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=seacarb
Coverage:
Date/Time Start: 2017-01-21T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-12-11T00:00:00
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2019-11-08.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1TypeTypeHubbard, Peter Cstudy
2SpeciesSpeciesHubbard, Peter C
3Registration number of speciesReg spec noHubbard, Peter C
4Uniform resource locator/link to referenceURL refHubbard, Peter CWoRMS Aphia ID
5DATE/TIMEDate/TimeHubbard, Peter CGeocode
6TreatmentTreatHubbard, Peter Cfor the tanks
7TreatmentTreatHubbard, Peter Cfor fish in the electrophysiology set up
8L-SerineSer Lmol/lHubbard, Peter C
9Olfactory nerve responses, normalizedOlfactory nerve respHubbard, Peter CL-serine
10ThresholdThresholdHubbard, Peter CL-serine
11L-Glutamic acidGlu Lmol/lHubbard, Peter C
12Olfactory nerve responses, normalizedOlfactory nerve respHubbard, Peter CGlutamic acid
13ThresholdThresholdHubbard, Peter CGlutamic acid
14L-ArginineArg Lmol/lHubbard, Peter C
15Olfactory nerve responses, normalizedOlfactory nerve respHubbard, Peter CArginine
16ThresholdThresholdHubbard, Peter CArginine
17L-LeucineLeu Lmol/lHubbard, Peter C
18Olfactory nerve responses, normalizedOlfactory nerve respHubbard, Peter CLeucine
19ThresholdThresholdHubbard, Peter CLeucine
20L-GlutamineGln Lmol/lHubbard, Peter C
21Olfactory nerve responses, normalizedOlfactory nerve respHubbard, Peter CGlutamine
22ThresholdThresholdHubbard, Peter CGlutamine
23Bile fluidBile fluidmol/lHubbard, Peter C
24Olfactory nerve responses, normalizedOlfactory nerve respHubbard, Peter CBile fluid
25ThresholdThresholdHubbard, Peter CBile fluid
26Intestinal fluidIntestinal fluidmol/lHubbard, Peter C
27Olfactory nerve responses, normalizedOlfactory nerve respHubbard, Peter CIntestinal fluid
28ThresholdThresholdHubbard, Peter CIntestinal fluid
29pHpHHubbard, Peter CPotentiometricNBS scale, tank
30pH, standard errorpH std e±Hubbard, Peter CPotentiometricNBS scale, tank
31Temperature, waterTemp°CHubbard, Peter Ctank
32Temperature, water, standard errorT std e±Hubbard, Peter Ctank
33SalinitySalHubbard, Peter Ctank
34Salinity, standard errorSal std e±Hubbard, Peter Ctank
35Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgHubbard, Peter CPotentiometric titrationtank
36Alkalinity, total, standard errorAT std e±Hubbard, Peter CPotentiometric titrationtank
37Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmHubbard, Peter CCalculated using CO2SYStank
38Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard errorpCO2water_SST_wet std e±Hubbard, Peter Ctank
39pHpHHubbard, Peter CPotentiometricNBS scale, electrophysiology set up
40pH, standard errorpH std e±Hubbard, Peter CPotentiometricNBS scale, electrophysiology set up
41Temperature, waterTemp°CHubbard, Peter Celectrophysiology set up
42Temperature, water, standard errorT std e±Hubbard, Peter Celectrophysiology set up
43SalinitySalHubbard, Peter Celectrophysiology set up
44Salinity, standard errorSal std e±Hubbard, Peter Celectrophysiology set up
45Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgHubbard, Peter CPotentiometric titrationelectrophysiology set up
46Alkalinity, total, standard errorAT std e±Hubbard, Peter CPotentiometric titrationelectrophysiology set up
47Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmHubbard, Peter CCalculated using CO2SYSelectrophysiology set up
48Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard errorpCO2water_SST_wet std e±Hubbard, Peter Celectrophysiology set up
49Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
50pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)total scale
51Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
52Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
53Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
54Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
55Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
56Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
57Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
58Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
59pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)total scale
60Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
61Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
62Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
63Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
64Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
65Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
66Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
67Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
40156 data points

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