Not logged in
PANGAEA.
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

Wu, Yu-Chen; García-Altares, María; Ribes, Marta; Hentschel, Ute; Pita, Lucía (2019): Microscopic images and 2D-MALDI-images of the sponge Aplysina aerophoba in response to grazing and video recording of grazing behavior [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.907958

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS CitationBibTeX Citation

Abstract:
We aimed to investigate the cellular and chemical response of the chemically defended sponge Aplysina aerophoba (Phylum Porifera: Class Demospongiae) to grazing by its specialist Tylodina perversa (Phylum Mollusca: Class Opistobranchia). Three treatments were applied: control, grazing, and mechanical damage. Samples were collected 3 hours, 1 day, 3 days, and 6 days after treatment. The behavior of sea slugs after directly contact with sponge specimen was recorded by using a GoPro Hero 4 camera with the program time lapse (1 picture every 5 sec) for 1.5 to 2 hours. Our results showed that spherulous cells were recruited to the wounded site in a time-dependent manner. MALDI-imaging MS showed that both brominated compounds (aerophobin-2 and aeroplysinin-1) localized usually at the sponge surface and accumulated at the damaged surface upon wounding. As spherulous cells are common in many members of the class Demospongiae, the recruitment of defensive cells may also occur in other sponges for protecting these filter-feeders. Our study contributes to understanding the evolutionary mechanisms in sponges for facing grazing and wounding.
Keyword(s):
grazing; MALDI-imaging mass spectrometry; microscopy; Porifera; response to wounding; spherulous cells; sponge; transmission electron microscopy
Supplement to:
Wu, Yu-Chen; García-Altares, María; Pintó, Berta; Ribes, Marta; Hentschel, Ute; Pita, Lucía (2020): Opisthobranch grazing results in mobilisation of spherulous cells and re-allocation of secondary metabolites in the sponge Aplysina aerophoba. Scientific Reports, 10(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78667-7
Related to:
Wu, Yu-Chen (2019): The cellular, chemical, and molecular response of the sponge Aplysina aerophoba to grazing. urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-mods-2019-00088-1
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
ExperimentExpWu, Yu-ChenTime point-year
TreatmentTreatWu, Yu-ChenControl/grazing/mechanical damage
Tissue, samplingTissueWu, Yu-ChenInvestigated tissue area
TypeTypeWu, Yu-ChenLight microscopy/TEM/2D-MALDI-image
MagnificationMagXWu, Yu-ChenMagnification of light microscopy
Image resolutionImage resµmWu, Yu-ChenRaster size in MALDI-imaging MS
CompoundsCompWu, Yu-ChenMeasured brominated compounds
ReplicateReplWu, Yu-ChenSponge individual, biological replicate
CommentCommentWu, Yu-Chen
10 File nameFile nameWu, Yu-Chen
11 File formatFile formatWu, Yu-Chen
12 File sizeFile sizekByteWu, Yu-Chen
13 Uniform resource locator/link to imageURL imageWu, Yu-Chen
14 Uniform resource locator/link to movieURL movieWu, Yu-Chen
Size:
994 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Exp

Treat

Tissue

Type

Mag [X]

Image res [µm]

Comp

Repl

Comment
10 
File name
11 
File format
12 
File size [kByte]
13 
URL image
14 
URL movie
Time lapse (1 picture every 5 sec) for 1.5 to 2 hoursVideo_GrazingMP412617Video_Grazing.mp4
1d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_1TIF22326Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_1.tif
1d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_2TIF14876Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_2.tif
1d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_3TIF6722Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_3.tif
1d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_4TIF8198Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Control_4.tif
1d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_1TIF5939Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_1.tif
1d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_2TIF20333Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_2.tif
1d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_3TIF12337Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_3.tif
1d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_4TIF8372Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_Grazing_4.tif
1d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamage_1TIF7723Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamage_1.tif
1d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamage_2TIF13510Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamage_2.tif
1d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamage_3TIF7046Microscopy_100x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamage_3.tif
1d-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_1TIF21079Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_1.tif
1d-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_2TIF25473Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_2.tif
1d-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_3TIF25667Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_3.tif
1d-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_4TIF21840Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Control_4.tif
1d-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_1TIF25058Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_1.tif
1d-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_2TIF22273Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_2.tif
1d-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_3TIF26879Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_3.tif
1d-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_4TIF25095Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_Grazing_4.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_1TIF15685Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_1.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_2TIF25239Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_2.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_3TIF14563Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_3.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_4TIF17718Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_4.tif
3d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_1TIF7505Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_1.tif
3d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_2TIF7460Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_2.tif
3d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_3TIF8968Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_3.tif
3d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_4TIF16379Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Control_4.tif
3d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_1TIF9071Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_1.tif
3d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_2TIF11283Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_2.tif
3d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_3TIF10496Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_3.tif
3d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_4TIF18490Microscopy_100x_3d-2016_Grazing_4.tif
3h-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_1TIF23726Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_1.tif
3h-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_2TIF21283Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_2.tif
3h-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_3TIF21745Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_3.tif
3h-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_4TIF25076Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Control_4.tif
3h-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_1TIF13253Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_1.tif
3h-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_2TIF33406Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_2.tif
3h-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_3TIF21050Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_3.tif
3h-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_4TIF20088Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_Grazing_4.tif
3h-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamage_1TIF20269Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamage_1.tif
3h-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamage_3TIF14336Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamage_3.tif
3h-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamage_4TIF24375Microscopy_100x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamage_4.tif
6d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_1TIF13212Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_1.tif
6d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_2TIF12881Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_2.tif
6d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_3TIF11867Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_3.tif
6d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_4TIF11795Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Control_4.tif
6d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_1TIF5907Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_1.tif
6d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_2TIF11553Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_2.tif
6d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1003Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_3TIF21313Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_3.tif
6d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_4TIF6956Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_Grazing_4.tif
6d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1001Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamage_1TIF8284Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamage_1.tif
6d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1002Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamage_2TIF9644Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamage_2.tif
6d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy1004Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_100x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamage_4TIF18930Microscopy_100x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamage_4.tif
1d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_1d-2016_ControlTIF91226Microscopy_400x_1d-2016_Control.tif
1d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_1d-2016_GrazingTIF113717Microscopy_400x_1d-2016_Grazing.tif
1d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamageTIF65053Microscopy_400x_1d-2016_MechanicalDamage.tif
1d-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_1d-2017_ControlTIF191010Microscopy_400x_1d-2017_Control.tif
1d-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_1d-2017_GrazingTIF259636Microscopy_400x_1d-2017_Grazing.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamageTIF244526Microscopy_400x_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage.tif
3d-2016ControlSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_3d-2016_ControlTIF160135Microscopy_400x_3d-2016_Control.tif
3d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_3d-2016_GrazingTIF178885Microscopy_400x_3d-2016_Grazing.tif
3h-2017ControlSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_3h-2017_ControlTIF168282Microscopy_400x_3h-2017_Control.tif
3h-2017GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_3h-2017_GrazingTIF189056Microscopy_400x_3h-2017_Grazing.tif
3h-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamageTIF172986Microscopy_400x_3h-2017_MechanicalDamage.tif
6d-2016GrazingSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_6d-2016_GrazingTIF122910Microscopy_400x_6d-2016_Grazing.tif
6d-2016Mechanical damageSurfaceLight microscopy400Surface at the left site of the imageMicroscopy_400x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamageTIF150686Microscopy_400x_6d-2016_MechanicalDamage.tif
1d-2017ControlSurfaceTEMMicroscopy_TEM_1d-2017_ControlTIF16921Microscopy_TEM_1d-2017_Control.tif
1d-2017ControlSurfaceTEMMicroscopy_TEM_1d-2017_Control_SpherulousCell_AtSurfaceTIF16898Microscopy_TEM_1d-2017_Control_SpherulousCell_AtSurface.tif
1d-2017GrazingSurfaceTEMMicroscopy_TEM_1d-2017_GrazingTIF16920Microscopy_TEM_1d-2017_Grazing.tif
1d-2017GrazingSurfaceTEMMicroscopy_TEM_1d-2017_Grazing_SpherulousCell_AtSurfaceTIF16898Microscopy_TEM_1d-2017_Grazing_SpherulousCell_AtSurface.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceTEMMicroscopy_TEM_1d-2017_MechanicalDamageTIF16922Microscopy_TEM_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageSurfaceTEMMicroscopy_TEM_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_SpherulousCell_AtSurfaceTIF16898Microscopy_TEM_1d-2017_MechanicalDamage_SpherulousCell_AtSurface.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image250Aerophobin-21Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 1SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_1_Aerophobin-2TIF940SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_1_Aerophobin-2.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image250Aeroplysinin-11Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 1SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_1_Aeroplysinin-1TIF925SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_1_Aeroplysinin-1.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image275Aerophobin-22Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 2SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_2_Aerophobin-2TIF965SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_2_Aerophobin-2.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image275Aeroplysinin-12Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 2SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_2_Aeroplysinin-1TIF947SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_2_Aeroplysinin-1.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image275Aerophobin-23Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 3SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_3_Aerophobin-2TIF965SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_3_Aerophobin-2.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image275Aeroplysinin-13Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 3SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_3_Aeroplysinin-1TIF957SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_3_Aeroplysinin-1.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image300Aerophobin-24Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 4SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_4_Aerophobin-2TIF955SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_4_Aerophobin-2.tif
1d-2017Control-Grazing-Mechanical damage (From left to right)Cross-section2D-MALDI-image300Aeroplysinin-14Three differently-treated specimens from the sponge replicate 4SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_4_Aeroplysinin-1TIF990SpongeCrossSection_2D-MALDI-Image_1d-2017_4_Aeroplysinin-1.tif
1d-2017ControlCross-sectionLight microscopy1001Control specimen from the sponge replicate 1SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_1_ControlTIF142096SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_1_Control.tif
1d-2017GrazingCross-sectionLight microscopy1001Grazed specimen from the sponge replicate 1SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_1_GrazingTIF217829SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_1_Grazing.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageCross-sectionLight microscopy1001Mechanically-damaged specimen from the sponge replicate 1SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_1_MechanicalDamageTIF364991SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_1_MechanicalDamage.tif
1d-2017ControlCross-sectionLight microscopy1002Control specimen from the sponge replicate 2SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_2_ControlTIF164013SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_2_Control.tif
1d-2017GrazingCross-sectionLight microscopy1002Grazed specimen from the sponge replicate 2SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_2_GrazingTIF276760SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_2_Grazing.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageCross-sectionLight microscopy1002Mechanically-damaged specimen from the sponge replicate 2SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_2_MechanicalDamageTIF329940SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_2_MechanicalDamage.tif
1d-2017ControlCross-sectionLight microscopy1003Control specimen from the sponge replicate 3SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_3_ControlTIF226835SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_3_Control.tif
1d-2017GrazingCross-sectionLight microscopy1003Grazed specimen from the sponge replicate 3SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_3_GrazingTIF300845SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_3_Grazing.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageCross-sectionLight microscopy1003Mechanically-damaged specimen from the sponge replicate 3SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_3_MechanicalDamageTIF285570SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_3_MechanicalDamage.tif
1d-2017ControlCross-sectionLight microscopy1004Control specimen from the sponge replicate 4SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_4_ControlTIF310704SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_4_Control.tif
1d-2017GrazingCross-sectionLight microscopy1004Grazed specimen from the sponge replicate 4SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_4_GrazingTIF178380SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_4_Grazing.tif
1d-2017Mechanical damageCross-sectionLight microscopy1004Mechanically-damaged specimen from the sponge replicate 4SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_4_MechanicalDamageTIF309003SpongeCrossSection_Microscopy_100x_1d-2017_4_MechanicalDamage.tif