Citation:

2020JG005633

Name: Hydrological, biogeochemical and carbonate system data in coastal waters and in glacier drainage systems in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard), during July-August 2016: land stations (drainage)
Published: 2019-07-22
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Keywords: Carbonate chemistry; glacier; Iceberg; nutrients; Ocean acidification; runoff

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Abstract:

Freshwater samples and physical parameterswere also collectedin theglacial drainages surrounding the fjordin 55 sampling points. This included supraglacial streams and proglacial watercourses from the moraines to the coast (0-5 km in length). Temperature and conductivityin freshwaterwere measured with a portable Conductivity-Meter (LF325, WTW). For chemical parameters, a 10 L carboy was submerged in streams until the bubbles were removed. Subsamples were then collected using a silicone tube for the determination of nutrients, DOC, DON, DIC, pH and TA.

Keyword(s):

Carbonate chemistry; glacier; Iceberg; nutrients; Ocean acidification; runoff

Related to:

Hopwood, Mark James; Cantoni, Carolina; Cozzi, Stefano; Achterberg, Eric Pieter (2017): The heterogeneous nature of Fe delivery from melting icebergs. Bulletin de lAssociation Française pour lÉtude du Quaternaire, 200-209, https://doi.org/10.7185/geochemlet.1723

Hopwood, Mark James; Dunse, Thorben; Iriarte, Jose Luis; Ribeiro, Sofia; Achterberg, Eric Pieter; Cantoni, Carolina; Chierici, Melissa; Cozzi, Stefano; Fransson, Agneta; Juul-Pedersen, Thomas (2019): Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic? The Cryosphere Discussions, 1-51, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2019-136

Project(s):

Ocean Food-web Patrol – Climate Effects: Reducing Targeted Uncertainties with an Interactive Network (OCEAN-CERTAIN)

pH Tipping Point in Svalbard (pHinS)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 603773 : Ocean Food-web Patrol – Climate Effects: Reducing Targeted Uncertainties with an Interactive Network

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 78.918389 * Median Longitude: 12.026773 * South-bound Latitude: 78.864600 * West-bound Longitude: 11.765000 * North-bound Latitude: 79.000300 * East-bound Longitude: 12.503200

Minimum DEPTH, water: 0 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 0 m

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Sample code/label	Sample label		Cantoni, Carolina
2	Station label	Station		Cantoni, Carolina
3	Date/time start	Date/time start		Cantoni, Carolina
4	Date/time end	Date/time end		Cantoni, Carolina
5	LATITUDE	Latitude		Cantoni, Carolina		Geocode
6	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Cantoni, Carolina		Geocode
7	DEPTH, water	Depth water	m	Cantoni, Carolina		Geocode
8	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Cantoni, Carolina	Portable Conductivity-Meter (LF325, WTW)
9	Conductivity	Cond	mS/cm	Cantoni, Carolina	Portable Conductivity-Meter (LF325, WTW)	25C
10	Salinity	Sal		Cantoni, Carolina	Portable Conductivity-Meter (LF325, WTW)
11	Density, mass density	Density	kg/m³	Cantoni, Carolina	CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 19plus
12	Density, sigma-theta (0)	Sigma-theta	kg/m³	Cantoni, Carolina	CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 19plus
13	Nitrate	[NO3]-	µmol/l	Cozzi, Stefano	Colorimetry, flow-segmented (Grasshoff et al. 1983)
14	Nitrite	[NO2]-	µmol/l	Cozzi, Stefano	Colorimetry, flow-segmented (Grasshoff et al. 1983)
15	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Cozzi, Stefano	Colorimetry, flow-segmented (Grasshoff et al. 1983)
16	Silicate	Si(OH)4	µmol/l	Cozzi, Stefano	Colorimetry, flow-segmented (Grasshoff et al. 1983)
17	Carbon, organic, dissolved	DOC	µmol/l	Cozzi, Stefano	HTCO, Shimadzu TOC-V
18	Nitrogen, total dissolved	TDN	µmol/l	Cozzi, Stefano	HTCO, Shimadzu TOC-V
19	pH	pH		Cantoni, Carolina	Potentiometric titration	NBS scale, 20 °C
20	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Clarke, Jennifer	Potentiometric titration
21	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Clarke, Jennifer	Acidification and FTIR
22	Comment	Comment		Cantoni, Carolina

License:

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0)

Size:

939 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Sample label	2 Station	3 Date/time start	4 Date/time end	5 Latitude	6 Longitude	8 Temp [°C]	9 Cond [mS/cm]	10 Sal	11 Density [kg/m³]	12 Sigma-theta [kg/m³]	13 [NO3]- [µmol/l]	14 [NO2]- [µmol/l]	15 [PO4]3- [µmol/l]	16 Si(OH)4 [µmol/l]	17 DOC [µmol/l]	18 TDN [µmol/l]	19 pH	20 AT [µmol/kg]	21 DIC [µmol/kg]	22 Comment
L3	watercourse from Kronebreen glacier	2016-07-28T07:38	2016-07-28T07:51	78.8646	12.4945	0.5	0.077	0.064	999.926	-0.074	0.88	0.97	0.84	8.51	241.09	38.53		715.2	741.2	Main watercourse upstream river mouth. Close to glacier. Water with red suspended matter.
L3	watercourse from Kronebreen glacier	2016-08-16T08:40	2016-08-16T08:50	78.8646	12.4945	0.1					1.22	1.28	0.64	7.01	65.52	9.97				Main watercourse upstream river mouth. Close to glacier. Water with brown suspended matter.
L5	watercourse from Feiringbreen glacier	2016-07-29T10:40	2016-07-29T10:55	78.9940	12.4589	2.1	0.073	0.040	999.978	-0.022	2.13	0.31	0.14	4.64	29.97	5.54		708.9	632.4	Eastern arm of the river of glacier. Water with brown suspended matter.
L6	watercourse from Feiringbreen glacier	2016-07-29T12:45	2016-07-29T12:55	78.9945	12.4123	1.7	0.072	0.039	999.964	-0.036	2.18	0.17	0.07	3.71	14.17	3.20	8.804	641.5	642.7	Western arm of the river of glacier. Water with brown suspended matter.
L7	watercourse from Feiringbreen glacier	2016-07-29T13:25	2016-07-29T13:40	78.9948	12.4190	6.4	0.172	0.088	1000.000	0.000	14.76	0.05	0.02	11.76	20.14	15.07		1254.3	1276.5	Watercourse originated by melting of surficial ice. Transparent water.
L5sea	river plume. Feiringbreen glacier.	2016-07-29T11:30	2016-07-29T11:40	78.9914	12.4555	4.0	5.640	3.047	1002.417	2.417	1.38	0.14	0.10	4.80	208.83	12.27		871.0	836.3	Mixed water collected in the sea, 1 m from the beach. Brown water.
L6sea	river plume. Feiringbreen glacier.	2016-07-29T12:20	2016-07-29T12:30	78.9920	12.4165	4.2	19.810	11.793	1009.362	9.362	1.10	0.08	0.06	2.48	100.71	4.79		1318.2	1214.5	Mixed water collected in the sea, 1 m from the beach. Brown water.
L4	watercourse from Conwaybreen glacier	2016-07-29T09:20	2016-07-29T09:35	78.9954	12.5032	4.0	0.062	0.035	1000.003	0.003	1.84	0.18	0.16	4.80	49.91	8.99		554.2	641.0	Direct melting of ice sampled close to the coast. Water with brown suspended matter.
L8	watercourse from Skreifjellbreen glacier	2016-07-31T00:00	2016-07-31T00:00	79.0003	12.2931	3.6	0.065	0.035	1000.002	0.002								374.6	372.3	-
L9	watercourse from Morebreen glacier	2016-08-01T12:50	2016-08-01T13:00	78.9499	11.7650	6.0	0.183	0.094	1000.018	0.018	9.73	0.03	0.01	20.73	35.19	11.85		1758.7	1775.5	Watercourse originated by melting of ice. Clear water.
L10	watercourse from Morebreen glacier	2016-08-01T13:25	2016-08-01T13:35	78.9454	11.8162	8.5	0.023	0.019	999.834	-0.166	16.63	0.03	0.02	26.61	48.13	18.35		2183.5	2221.3	Watercourse originated by melting of ice. Clear water.
L50	watercourse from Botnfjellbreen glacier	2016-08-16T09:30	2016-08-16T09:40	78.8709	12.4573	1.9					2.52	0.15	0.05	3.81	22.94	6.41				Main watercourse upstream river mouth. Water with brown suspended matter.
L16	watercourse from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T10:20	2016-08-02T10:30	78.9134	12.0403	5.1	0.067	0.037	999.995	-0.005	1.57	0.11	0.03	2.01	26.42	6.12	6.809	460.2	380.0	Delta of watercourse originated by ice melting. Water with brown suspended matter.
L15	watercourse from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T09:55	2016-08-02T10:05	78.9081	12.0424	4.1	0.062	0.035	1000.003	0.003	1.25	0.09	0.02	2.17	13.35	3.46	7.482	367.4	331.0	Watercourse originated by ice melting in alluvial plain. Water with brown suspended matter.
L14	watercourse from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T09:30	2016-08-02T09:40	78.9056	12.0422	3.6	0.064	0.036	1000.003	0.003	1.59	0.09	0.03	2.48	57.25	14.10	7.539	332.9	328.3	Watercourse originated by ice melting downstream the moraines. Water with brown suspended matter.
L13	watercourse from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T09:10	2016-08-02T09:20	78.9032	12.0457	3.9	0.103	0.054	1000.018	0.018	1.63	0.06	0.06	1.55	61.16	15.14	6.829	488.9	449.3	Watercourse originated by ice melting. Water with brown suspended matter.
L12	watercourse from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T08:45	2016-08-02T08:56	78.8991	12.0445	2.1	0.047	0.029	999.970	-0.030	1.72	0.05	0.03	0.93	23.15	4.41	7.336	359.2	252.7	Watercourse originated by ice melting downstrean a little lake. Water with brown suspended matter.
L11	watercourse from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T08:30	2016-08-02T08:40	78.8965	12.0497	0.9	0.046	0.028	999.920	-0.080	1.76	0.09	0.04	0.77	32.81	4.67	7.587	347.2	247.4	Watercourse originated by ice melting collected at glacier border. Water with brown suspended matter.
L17	watercourse from Vestre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T13:10	2016-08-02T13:25	78.9144	12.0270	6.6	0.083	0.045	999.957	-0.043	1.59	0.09	0.02	2.01	37.63	6.13	7.180	555.1	556.1	Watercourse originated by ice melting, close river mouth. Water with brown suspended matter.
L18	watercourse from Vestre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T13:40	2016-08-02T13:55	78.9104	12.0218	4.8	0.073	0.041	1000.002	0.002	1.09	0.09	0.11	2.48	9.24	2.36	7.188	552.5	486.2	Watercourse originated by ice melting. Water with brown suspended matter.
L19	watercourse from Vestre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T14:10	2016-08-02T14:25	78.9059	12.0113	2.6	0.065	0.037	999.989	-0.011	1.21	0.14	0.04	2.79	28.20	3.72	7.303	663.4	333.6	Watercourse originated by ice melting. Water with brown suspended matter.
L20	watercourse from Vestre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T14:40	2016-08-02T14:50	78.9031	12.0002	2.1	0.062	0.036	999.975	-0.025	1.04	0.14	0.04	2.48	19.05	4.68	7.174	566.3	435.7	Watercourse originated by ice melting. Water with brown suspended matter.
L21	watercourse from Vestre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-02T15:45	2016-08-02T15:55	78.9008	11.9907	1.7	0.066	0.037	999.963	-0.037	1.23	0.11	0.04	2.48	20.24	4.00		598.4	422.2	Watercourse close to glacier. Water with brown suspended matter.
L2sea	delta of Bayelva river	2016-08-04T14:50	2016-08-04T15:00	78.9346	11.8608	3.7	0.104	0.055	1000.019	0.019							8.469	840.8	680.8	Freshwater at the delta of the river. Water with red suspended matter
L1	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-07-27T13:10	2016-07-27T13:30	78.9349	11.8376	4.9	0.127	0.096	1000.045	0.045	0.54	0.05	0.05	6.81	25.69	2.79		1128.9	1171.9	Secondary watercourse upstream river mouth. Transparent water.
L2	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-07-27T13:35	2016-07-27T13:45	78.9337	11.8379	3.4	0.076	0.058	1000.020	0.020	0.75	0.42	0.17	3.17	27.13	2.98	8.514	707.9	685.4	Main watercourse upstream river mouth. Water with red suspended matter.
L2	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T14:20	2016-08-04T14:30	78.9337	11.8379	3.5	0.102	0.054	1000.017	0.017	1.34	0.83	0.32	3.66	19.06	3.34		753.4	663.7	Main watercourse upstream river mouth. Water with red suspended matter.
L39	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T13:50	2016-08-04T14:00	78.9307	11.8326	4.2	0.110	0.058	1000.021	0.021	0.75	0.08	0.06	1.68	25.50	5.16	8.520	819.5	754.6	Main watercourse downstream a large wetland. Water with red suspended matter.
L38	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T13:10	2016-08-04T13:25	78.9257	11.8260	5.1	0.120	0.063	1000.015	0.015	1.02	0.15	0.09	3.05	33.96	7.86		566.6	419.3	Main watercourse upstream a large wetland. Water with red suspended matter.
L37	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T12:30	2016-08-04T12:40	78.9203	11.7893	3.9	0.102	0.054	1000.019	0.019								755.2	651.8	Main watercourse upstream two inputs of red watercourses. Water with brown suspended matter.
L36	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T12:00	2016-08-04T12:07	78.9172	11.7805	1.7	0.060	0.035	999.961	-0.039	2.02	0.48	0.12	1.98	79.60	5.22	8.835	687.3	559.7	Western area of glacier runoff. Water with brown suspended matter.
L35	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T11:46	2016-08-04T11:50	78.9139	11.7762	1.1	0.085	0.046	999.944	-0.056							9.092	615.1	485.5	Western area of glacier runoff. Water with brown suspended matter.
L34	surface ice melting from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T11:34	2016-08-04T11:40	78.9134	11.7731	0.3	0.129	0.067	999.917	-0.083	1.40	0.11	0.05	0.23	16.91	3.10	6.135	173.4	116.1	Glacier runoff not representative end member.
L33	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T11:06	2016-08-04T11:13	78.9104	11.7658	0.3	0.061	0.035	999.891	-0.109	1.92	0.08	0.10	0.61	63.29	9.24		615.2	452.2	Point close to glacier.
L26	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T06:48	2016-08-04T06:53	78.9187	11.8283	0.7					1.18	0.99	0.46	4.27	37.69	6.51				Eastern area of glacier runoff.
L27	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T07:35	2016-08-04T07:43	78.9184	11.8068	6.3	0.141	0.074	999.992	-0.008	2.06	0.28	0.17	5.03	13.36	3.53	7.695	1048.8	932.6	Middle area of glacier runoff.
L28	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T08:03	2016-08-04T08:07	78.9162	11.8154	6.3	0.273	0.136	1000.042	0.042							7.758	1071.5	916.0	Watercourse downstream a lake.
L29	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T08:21	2016-08-04T08:28	78.9140	11.8054	6.1					1.83	1.17	0.50	6.70	37.02	6.05	7.876			Middle area of glacier runoff.
L30	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T08:48	2016-08-04T08:51	78.9096	11.7992	4.0	0.115	0.060	1000.024	0.024							7.719	970.0	830.5	Middle area of glacier runoff.
L31	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T09:19	2016-08-04T09:24	78.9039	11.7834	1.3	0.161	0.083	999.984	-0.016							8.373	1185.1	1110.8	Sub-glacial waters? Water emerging from rocks with unknown source.
L32	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T09:36	2016-08-04T09:45	78.9024	11.7873	1.3	0.077	0.043	999.951	-0.049	0.44	0.89	0.44	4.72	31.84	3.30	9.136	626.2	509.9	Point close to glacier.
L25	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T06:20	2016-08-04T06:24	78.9125	11.8258	0.5	0.075	0.041	999.908	-0.092							7.785	506.7	396.7	Eastern area of glacier runoff.
L24	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T05:58	2016-08-04T06:06	78.9090	11.8278		0.060	0.034			2.06	0.30	0.16	2.01	24.54	9.01	7.280			Further downstream. Eastern area of glacier runoff.
L23	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T05:39	2016-08-04T05:45	78.9060	11.8367	0.2	0.065	0.037	999.886	-0.114							7.103	512.3	341.5	Eastern area of glacier runoff.
L22	watercourse from Broggerbreen glacier	2016-08-04T05:14	2016-08-04T05:22	78.9033	11.8415	0.1	0.071	0.040	999.882	-0.118	2.10	0.25	0.11	2.01	22.48	5.78	7.169	474.3	363.7	End of the glacier. Water with red suspended matter.
L44	watercourse from Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-09T12:10	2016-08-09T12:25	78.9040	12.1573	9.6	0.143	0.096	999.812	-0.188	1.77	0.06	0.02	8.84	26.72	5.01		1415.9	567.0	Mouth of the river. Sandy beach. Water with brown suspended matter.
L43	watercourse from Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-09T11:40	2016-08-09T11:50	78.8982	12.1452	4.2	0.139	0.108	1000.061	0.061	1.61	0.06	0.04	6.55	34.65	7.63		1394.4	536.7	Main watercourse downstream all water inputs from the glacier. Water with brown suspended matter.
L42	watercourse from Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-09T10:55	2016-08-09T11:10	78.8930	12.1414	2.8	0.129	0.103	1000.048	0.048	2.11	0.06	0.05	2.74	19.59	3.28		1301.5	461.0	Main watercourse downstream moraines. Water with brown suspended matter.
L41	watercourse from Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-09T10:15	2016-08-09T10:30	78.8882	12.1479	2.0	0.038	0.029	999.967	-0.033	0.78	0.22	0.07	1.07	47.33	3.72		1269.5	300.9	Watercourse downstream an intersection with brown water.
L40	watercourse from Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-09T09:35	2016-08-09T10:00	78.8863	12.1484	1.3	0.006	0.003	999.918	-0.082	0.63	0.04	0.03	0.15	44.03	6.35		1118.0	68.0	Point at the bottom of glacier. Clear water. Collected 2 samples of mud attached to ice.
L47	watercourse at the base of Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-13T10:25	2016-08-13T10:35	78.8836	12.1253	1.5	0.088	0.072	999.983	-0.017	1.44	0.06	0.01	0.91	14.19	3.47	7.106	346.0	211.4	Watercourse at the base of glacier downstream L46. Light brown water.
L45	surface ice melting from Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-13T09:00	2016-08-13T09:15	78.8846	12.1479	1.3	0.002	0.000	999.916	-0.084	0.44	0.06	0.03	0.15	19.87	3.26	5.881	165.5	49.6	Surface ice melting 200 m upstream L40. Clear water.
L46	surface ice melting from Austre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-13T09:50	2016-08-13T10:05	78.8803	12.1251	1.4	0.050	0.039	999.952	-0.048	1.47	0.04	0.01	0.38	52.21	12.06	6.906	211.4	168.4	Large surface ice melting 300 m upstream glacier base. Clear water.
L49	watercourse from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier close to the mouth	2016-08-13T13:20	2016-08-13T13:30	78.9042	12.0901	2.7	0.101	0.080	1000.027	0.027	1.29	0.05	0.02	2.74	15.06	4.21	8.159	540.6	430.8	Main watercourse from glacier downstream moraines.
L48	surface ice melting from Midtre Lovenbreen glacier	2016-08-13T12:00	2016-08-13T12:10	78.8882	12.0668	1.4	0.002	0.000	999.920	-0.080	0.63	0.04	0.01	0.08	17.08	2.31	5.414	13.2	51.4	Small surface ice melting upstream. Clear water.