Sigl, Michael; Buizert, Christo; Fudge, Tyler J; Winstrup, Mai; Cole-Dai, Jihong; McConnell, Joseph R; Ferris, David G; Rhodes, Rachael H; Taylor, Kendrick C; Welten, Kees C; Woodruff, Thomas E; Adolphi, Florian; Baggenstos, Daniel; Brook, Edward J; Caffee, Marc W; Clow, Gary D; Cheng, Hai; Cuffey, Kurt M; Dunbar, Nelia W; Edwards, Ross L; Edwards, Larry; Geng, Lei; Iverson, Nels; Koffman, Bess G; Layman, Larry; Markle, Bradley R; Maselli, Olivia J; McGwire, Kenneth C; Muscheler, Raimund; Nishiizumi, Kunihiko; Pasteris, Daniel R; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P; Sowers, Todd A; Steig, Eric J (2019): WAIS Divide Deep ice core 0-68 ka WD2014 chronology [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.902577
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Abstract:
The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology, consisting of ice age, gas age, delta-age and uncertainties therein. The West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide (WAIS Divide, WD) ice core is a newly drilled, high-accumulation deep ice core that provides Antarctic climate records of the past ~68 ka at unprecedented temporal resolution.
The upper 2850 m (back to 31.2 ka BP; Sigl et al., 2015, Sigl et al., 2016) have been dated using annual-layer counting based on counting of annual layers observed in the chemical, dust and electrical conductivity records. The measurements were interpreted manually and with the aid of two automated methods. We validated the chronology by comparing of the cosmogenic isotope records of 10Be from WAIS Divide and 14C for IntCal13. We demonstrated that over the Holocene WD2014 was consistently accurate to better than 0.5% of the age.
The chronology for the deep part of the core (below 2850m; 67.8-31.2 ka BP; Buizert et al., 2015) is based on stratigraphic matching to annual-layer-counted Greenland ice cores using globally well-mixed atmospheric methane. We calculate the WD gas age-ice age difference (Delta age) using a combination of firn densification modeling, ice-flow modeling, and a data set of d15N-N2, a proxy for past firn column thickness. The largest Delta age at WD occurs during the Last Glacial Maximum, and is 525 +/- 120 years. We synchronized the WD chronology to a linearly scaled version of the layer-counted Greenland Ice Core Chronology (GICC05), which brings the age of Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events into agreement with the U/Th absolutely dated Hulu Cave speleothem record.
Related to:
Buizert, Christo; Cuffey, Kurt M; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P; Baggenstos, Daniel; Fudge, Tyler J; Steig, Eric J; Markle, Bradley R; Winstrup, Mai; Rhodes, Rachael H; Brook, Edward J; Sowers, Todd A; Clow, Gary D; Cheng, Hai; Edwards, Ross L; Sigl, Michael; McConnell, Joseph R; Taylor, Kendrick C (2015): The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology - Part 1: Methane synchronization (68–31 ka BP) and the gas age–ice age difference. Climate of the Past, 11(2), 153-173, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-153-2015
Sigl, Michael; Fudge, Tyler J; Winstrup, Mai; Cole-Dai, Jihong; Ferris, David G; McConnell, Joseph R; Taylor, Kendrick C; Welten, Kees C; Woodruff, Thomas E; Adolphi, Florian; Bisiaux, Marion M; Brook, Edward J; Buizert, Christo; Caffee, Marc W; Dunbar, Nelia W; Edwards, Ross L; Geng, Lei; Iverson, Nels; Koffman, Bess G; Layman, Lawrence; Maselli, Olivia J; McGwire, Kenneth C; Muscheler, Raimund; Nishiizumi, Kunihiko; Pasteris, Daniel R; Rhodes, Rachael H; Sowers, Todd A (2016): The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 2: Annual-layer counting (0–31 ka BP). Climate of the Past, 12(3), 769-786, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-769-2016
Sigl, Michael; Winstrup, Mai; McConnell, Joseph R; Welten, Kees C; Plunkett, Gill; Ludlow, F; Büntgen, Ulf; Caffee, Marc W; Chellman, Nathan J; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Fischer, H; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Kostick, C; Maselli, Olivia J; Mekhaldi, Florian; Mulvaney, Robert; Muscheler, Raimund; Pasteris, Daniel R; Pilcher, John R; Salzer, Matthew W; Schüpbach, Simon; Steffensen, J P; Vinther, Bo Møllesøe; Woodruff, Thomas E (2015): Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years. Nature, 523(7562), 543-549, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14565
Project(s):
Funding:
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0230149: Collaborative Research: Digital Optical Imaging of Ice Cores for Curation and Scientific Applications
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0230396: Preparation for a Deep Ice Coring Project in West Antarctica
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0440817: Investigation of Climate, Ice Dynamics and Biology using a Deep Ice Core from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Ice Divide
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0440819: Investigation of the Stratigraphy and Time Scale of the WAIS Divide Ice Core Using Electrical Methods
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0537661: Collaborative Research: Stable Isotopes of Ice in the WAIS Divide Deep Ice Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0538657: Nitrogen and Oxygen Gas Isotopes in the WAIS Divide Ice Core as Constraints on Chronology, Temperature, and Accumulation Rate
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0539232: Collaborative Research: Physical Properties of the WAIS Divide Deep Ice Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0839042: Collaborative Research: Cosmogenic Radionuclides in the Deep WAIS Divide Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0839066: Major Ion Chemical Analysis of Brittle Ice in the WAIS Divide Ice Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0839093: Collaborative Research: Integrated High Resolution Chemical and Biological Measurements on the Deep WAIS Divide Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0839137: Collaborative Research: Cosmogenic Radionuclides in the Deep WAIS Divide Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0944191: Collaborative Research: Establishing the Chronology and Histories of Accumulation and Ice Dynamics for the WAIS Divide Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0944197: Collaborative Research: Establishing the Chronology and Histories of Accumulation and Ice Dynamics for the WAIS Divide Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0944266: Collaborative Research: Climate, Ice Dynamics and Biology Using a Deep Ice Core from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Ice Divide
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0944348: Collaborative Research: Climate, Ice Dynamics and Biology using a Deep Ice Core from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Ice Divide
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 0944584: Methane Isotope Variations Covering the Holocene from the WAIS Divide Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1043092: Collaborative Research: Stable Isotopes of Ice in the Transition and Glacial Sections of the WAIS Divide Deep Ice Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1043500: Collaborative Research: Completing an ultra-high resolution methane record from the WAIS Divide ice core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1043518: Collaborative Research: Completing an ultra-high resolution methane record from the WAIS Divide ice core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1142041: Collaborative Research: Investigating Upper Pleistocene Rapid Climate Change using Continuous, Ultra-High-Resolution Aerosol and Gas Measurements in the WAIS Divide Ice Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1142069: Collaborative Research: Developing an Antarctic Tephra Database for Interdisciplinary Paleoclimate Research (AntT)
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1142115: Tephrochronology of the WAIS Divide Ice Core: Linking Ice Cores through Volcanic Records
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1142166: Collaborative Research: Investigating Upper Pleistocene Rapid Climate Change using Continuous, Ultra-High-Resolution Aerosol and Gas Measurements in the WAIS Divide Ice Core
National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1204172: Collaborative Research: Continuous Records of Greenhouse Gases and Aerosol Deposition During the Holocene: Testing the Fidelity of New Methods for Reconstructing Atmospheric Change
Coverage:
Latitude: -79.480000 * Longitude: -112.110000
Minimum DEPTH, ice/snow: 0.360 m * Maximum DEPTH, ice/snow: 3392.936 m
Event(s):
WDC-06A (WAIS Divide) * Latitude: -79.480000 * Longitude: -112.110000 * Elevation: 1766.0 m * Location: Antarctica, west * Method/Device: Ice drill (ICEDRILL)
Comment:
Citing the timescales:
for 0.2.4 ka BP use Sigl et al., (2015);
for 2.4-31.2 ka use Sigl et al., (2016);
for 31.2-68 ka BP use Buizert et al., (2015).
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DEPTH, ice/snow | Depth ice/snow | m | Sigl, Michael | Geocode | |
| 2 | Calendar age | Cal age | ka BP | Sigl, Michael | ice age | |
| 3 | Calendar age, standard error | Cal age std e | ± | Sigl, Michael | ice age uncertainty due to annual layer count (2 sigma) | |
| 4 | Calendar age, standard error | Cal age std e | ± | Sigl, Michael | ice age uncertainty due to CH4 synchronization (2 sigma) | |
| 5 | Gas age | Gas age | ka BP | Sigl, Michael | gas age | |
| 6 | Age, error | Age e | ± | Sigl, Michael | gas age uncertainty (2 sigma) | |
| 7 | Age, difference | Age diff | ka | Sigl, Michael | gas age-ice age difference (delta age) | |
| 8 | Age, difference error | Age diff e | ± | Sigl, Michael | delta age uncertainty (2 sigma) |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
392326 data points
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