Griesche, Hannes; Seifert, Patric; Engelmann, Ronny; Radenz, Martin; Bühl, Johannes (2019): Cloudnet IWC during POLARSTERN cruise PS106 [dataset]. Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V., Leipzig, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.900246
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Alert Replaced by:
Griesche, Hannes; Seifert, Patric; Engelmann, Ronny; Radenz, Martin; Bühl, Johannes (2020): Cloudnet IWC during PS106 [dataset]. Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V., Leipzig, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919452
Abstract:
The dataset contains daily nc-files of the Cloudnet ice water content during Polarstern cruise PS106 based on:
- 35.5 GHz Cloud radar MIRA.
The data is retrieved using the instrument synergystic approach Cloudnet (Illingworth, 2007, doi:10.1175/BAMS-88-6-883).
This variable was calculated from the 35.5-GHz radar reflectivity factor after correction for gaseous attenuation, and temperature taken from a forecast model, using the following empirical formula:
log10(iwc[g m-3]) = 0.000242Z[dBZ]T[degC] + 0.0699Z[dBZ] + -0.0186T[degC] + -1.63 (Hogan, 2006, doi:10.1175/JAM2340.1).
In this formula Z is taken to be defined such that all frequencies of radar would measure the same Z in Rayleigh scattering ice. However, the radar is more likely to have been calibrated such that all frequencies would measure the same Z in Rayleigh scattering liquid cloud at 0 degrees C. The measured Z is therefore multiplied by
|K(liquid,0degC,35GHz)|^2/0.93 = 0.9441
before applying this formula.
The formula has been used where the \"categorization\" data has diagnosed that the radar echo is due to ice, but note that in some cases supercooled drizzle will erroneously be identified as ice. Missing data indicates either that ice cloud was present but it was only detected by the lidar so its ice water content could not be estimated, or that there was rain below the ice associated with uncertain attenuation of the reflectivities in the ice.
Note that where microwave radiometer liquid water path was available it was used to correct the radar for liquid attenuation when liquid cloud occurred below the ice; this is indicated a value of 3 in the iwc_retrieval_status variable. There is some uncertainty in thisprodedure which is reflected by an increase in the associated values in the iwc_error variable.
When microwave radiometer data were not available and liquid cloud occurred below the ice, the retrieval was still performed but its reliability is questionable due to the uncorrected liquid water attenuation. This is indicated by a value of 2 in the iwc_retrieval_status variable, and an increase in the value of the iwc_error variable.
Further details:
Hogan, Robin J; Mittermaier, Marion P; Illingworth, Anthony J (2006): The Retrieval of Ice Water Content from Radar Reflectivity Factor and Temperature and Its Use in Evaluating a Mesoscale Model. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 45(2), 301-317, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAM2340.1
Illingworth, Anthony J; Hogan, Robin J; O'Connor, E J; Bouniol, D; Brooks, M E; Delanoé, J; Donovan, D P; Eastment, J D; Gaussiat, N; Goddard, J W F; Haeffelin, Martial; Klein Baltink, H; Krasnov, O A; Pelon, J; Piriou, J-M; Protat, Alain; Russchenberg, H W J; Seifert, A; Tompkins, A M; van Zadelhoff, G-J; Vinit, F; Willén, U; Wilson, D R; Wrench, C L (2007): Cloudnet: Continuous Evaluation of Cloud Profiles in Seven Operational Models Using Ground-Based Observations. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 88(6), 883-898, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-88-6-883
Project(s):
Arctic Amplification (AC3)
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 268020496: TRR 172: ArctiC Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and SurfaCe Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 73.557710 * Median Longitude: 13.412315 * South-bound Latitude: 57.059650 * West-bound Longitude: 5.402260 * North-bound Latitude: 79.842110 * East-bound Longitude: 27.113210
Date/Time Start: 2017-05-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-07-18T00:00:00
Minimum Elevation: -512.0 m * Maximum Elevation: -46.6 m
Event(s):
PS106_0_Underway-11 * Latitude Start: 57.059650 * Longitude Start: 5.402260 * Latitude End: 79.842110 * Longitude End: 8.560310 * Date/Time Start: 2017-05-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-06-22T00:00:00 * Elevation Start: -46.6 m * Elevation End: -512.0 m * Campaign: PS106/1 (ARK-XXXI/1.1,PASCAL) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Remote sensing (Light detection and ranging, LiDAR) (LiDAR)
PS106_0_Underway-17 * Latitude Start: 77.971190 * Longitude Start: 12.573480 * Latitude End: 79.357890 * Longitude End: 27.113210 * Date/Time Start: 2017-06-23T16:15:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-07-15T20:00:00 * Elevation Start: -161.0 m * Elevation End: -286.0 m * Campaign: PS106/1 (ARK-XXXI/1.1,PASCAL) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Remote sensing (Light detection and ranging, LiDAR) (LiDAR)
Comment:
Please note: a newer Version is available, see "Replaced by" reference
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | Griesche, Hannes | |||
| 2 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Griesche, Hannes | Geocode | ||
| 3 | File name | File name | Griesche, Hannes | |||
| 4 | File format | File format | Griesche, Hannes | |||
| 5 | File size | File size | kByte | Griesche, Hannes | ||
| 6 | Uniform resource locator/link to file | URL file | Griesche, Hannes |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
220 data points