Citation:

s41467-018-04922-1

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Abstract:

Increasing atmospheric CO2 from man-made climate change is reducing surface ocean pH. Due to limited instrumental measurements and historical pH records in the world's oceans, seawater pH variability at the decadal and centennial scale remains largely unknown and requires documentation. Here we present evidence of striking secular trends of decreasing pH since the late nineteenth century with pronounced interannual to decadal–interdecadal pH variability in the South Pacific Ocean from 1689 to 2011 CE. High-amplitude oceanic pH changes, likely related to atmospheric CO2 uptake and seawater dissolved inorganic carbon fluctuations, reveal a coupled relationship to sea surface temperature variations and highlight the marked influence of El Niño/Southern Oscillation and Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. We suggest changing surface winds strength and zonal advection processes as the main drivers responsible for regional pH variability up to 1881 CE, followed by the prominent role of anthropogenic CO2 in accelerating the process of ocean acidification.

Coverage:

Latitude: -22.325556 * Longitude: 166.442222

Minimum Elevation: -7.5 m * Maximum Elevation: -7.5 m

Event(s):

New_Caledonia * Latitude: -22.325556 * Longitude: 166.442222 * Elevation: -7.5 m * Comment: Diploastrea heliopora coral collected from Fausse Passe de Uitoé, New Caledonia.

Comment:

First author affiliations:

1. Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD). Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN). Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC).

2. Centre Nationnal de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE).

3. Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL)

4. Now at Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT).

Primary funding for this research was supported by the Institute Pierre Simon Laplace (Labex L-IPSL) under the Work Packages 4 and 5, IMPACTS: Project 16 - Impacts of climate change (ocean acidification and warming) on corals, which is funded by The French National Research Agency, ANR (Grant no: ANR-10-LABX-0018).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	AGE	Age	ka BP	Wu, Henry C	Geocode
2	Age	Age	a AD/CE	Wu, Henry C
3	Diploastrea heliopora, δ11B	D. heliopora δ11B	‰	Wu, Henry C
4	Diploastrea heliopora, δ11B, standard deviation	D. heliopora δ11B std dev	±	Wu, Henry C	2 sigma error of d11B
5	Diploastrea heliopora, δ18O	D. heliopora δ18O	‰ PDB	Wu, Henry C
6	Diploastrea heliopora, δ13C	D. heliopora δ13C	‰ PDB	Wu, Henry C

License:

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-NC-3.0)

Size:

1598 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Age [ka BP]	2 Age [a AD/CE]	3 D. heliopora δ11B [‰]	4 D. heliopora δ11B std dev [±]	5 D. heliopora δ18O [‰ PDB]	6 D. heliopora δ13C [‰ PDB]
-0.061	2011	23.369	0.207	-4.127	-1.255
-0.060	2010	23.455	0.114	-4.202	-1.149
-0.059	2009	23.949	0.088	-4.002	-0.756
-0.058	2008	23.566	0.082	-4.053	-0.936
-0.057	2007	23.382	0.127	-4.056	-0.891
-0.056	2006	23.868	0.103	-3.988	-0.750
-0.055	2005	23.950	0.042	-3.989	-0.769
-0.054	2004	23.777	0.088	-4.019	-0.454
-0.053	2003	24.217	0.070	-3.951	-0.583
-0.052	2002	24.406	0.113	-3.943	-0.626
-0.051	2001	23.829	0.131	-4.316	-0.865
-0.050	2000	24.321	0.060	-3.971	-0.477
-0.049	1999	24.118	0.076	-4.093	-0.653
-0.048	1998	24.030	0.065	-4.189	0.018
-0.047	1997	24.058	0.108	-4.258	-0.804
-0.046	1996	24.005	0.092	-3.750	-0.196
-0.045	1995	24.493	0.073	-4.016	-0.571
-0.044	1994	24.163	0.068	-4.122	-0.559
-0.043	1993	24.502	0.173	-3.797	-0.480
-0.042	1992	24.857	0.062	-3.686	-0.214
-0.041	1991	24.594	0.143	-3.948	-0.468
-0.040	1990	24.319	0.045	-3.877	-0.484
-0.039	1989	24.194	0.128	-3.972	-0.519
-0.038	1988	24.065	0.083	-3.987	-0.426
-0.037	1987	24.058	0.089	-3.969	-0.544
-0.036	1986	24.198	0.068	-3.983	-0.365
-0.035	1985	24.222	0.239	-4.026	-0.400
-0.034	1984	24.294	0.041	-3.974	-0.344
-0.033	1983	24.288	0.098	-3.818	-0.191
-0.032	1982	24.611	0.160	-3.799	-0.155
-0.031	1981	24.446	0.125	-3.720	-0.056
-0.030	1980	23.756	0.082	-3.945	-0.260
-0.029	1979	24.035	0.231	-3.880	-0.122
-0.028	1978	23.920	0.090	-3.815	-0.167
-0.027	1977	23.656	0.097	-4.022	-0.259
-0.026	1976	23.439	0.172	-4.015	-0.438
-0.025	1975	23.181	0.030	-4.207	-0.386
-0.024	1974	23.610	0.049	-4.090	-0.303
-0.023	1973	23.375	0.126	-4.159	-0.276
-0.022	1972	23.490	0.155	-4.110	-0.314
-0.021	1971	24.156	0.108	-3.861	0.111
-0.020	1970	24.183	0.080	-4.172	-0.103
-0.019	1969	23.826	0.147	-4.265	-0.217
-0.018	1968	24.280	0.144	-4.406	-0.039
-0.017	1967	24.550	0.053	-3.916	0.044
-0.016	1966	24.737	0.182	-3.811	0.100
-0.015	1965	24.308	0.184	-3.939	-0.042
-0.014	1964	24.052	0.168	-3.931	0.053
-0.013	1963	24.036	0.035	-4.095	-0.020
-0.012	1962	23.531	0.121	-4.216	-0.228
-0.011	1961	23.504	0.023	-4.094	-0.319
-0.010	1960	24.119	0.176	-4.090	0.023
-0.009	1959	24.427	0.101	-4.071	0.069
-0.008	1958	23.842	0.021	-3.942	0.015
-0.007	1957	23.921	0.106	-4.090	-0.059
-0.006	1956	24.195	0.104	-4.011	0.084
-0.005	1955	24.507	0.093	-3.852	0.278
-0.004	1954	24.451	0.093	-3.861	0.396
-0.003	1953	24.407	0.122	-3.837	0.177
-0.002	1952	24.024	0.086	-3.934	0.145
-0.001	1951	24.113	0.012	-3.991	0.177
0.000	1950	23.950	0.253	-3.950	0.189
0.001	1949	24.408	0.198	-3.909	0.103
0.002	1948	24.098	0.081	-3.934	0.157
0.003	1947	24.134	0.128	-3.831	0.633
0.004	1946	24.298	0.107	-3.953	0.108
0.005	1945	24.361	0.087	-3.877	0.295
0.006	1944	24.578	0.187	-3.910	0.339
0.007	1943	24.260	0.072	-3.942	-0.318
0.008	1942	24.552	0.089	-4.002	-0.139
0.009	1941	24.538	0.025	-3.748	0.120
0.010	1940	24.522	0.205	-3.699	0.093
0.011	1939	24.462	0.121	-3.986	-0.014
0.012	1938	24.131	0.059	-3.870	0.128
0.013	1937	24.142	0.055	-3.911	0.093
0.014	1936	24.160	0.127	-3.962	0.211
0.015	1935	24.338	0.254	-3.924	0.208
0.016	1934	24.364	0.074	-3.712	0.079
0.017	1933	24.105	0.054	-3.905	0.267
0.018	1932	24.455	0.049	-3.968	0.116
0.019	1931	23.898	0.126	-4.055	0.080
0.020	1930	24.247	0.062	-3.914	0.162
0.021	1929	24.329	0.106	-3.896	0.229
0.022	1928	24.249	0.066	-3.759	0.293
0.023	1927	24.750	0.104	-3.716	0.342
0.024	1926	24.523	0.086	-3.907	-0.023
0.025	1925	23.798	0.097	-3.990	-0.124
0.026	1924	24.533	0.090	-4.137	0.068
0.027	1923	24.007	0.163	-4.129	-0.033
0.028	1922	24.115	0.063	-4.099	0.031
0.029	1921	23.919	0.073	-3.805	0.152
0.030	1920	23.675	0.158	-4.298	-0.048
0.031	1919	24.005	0.058	-4.287	0.026
0.032	1918	24.199	0.160	-4.096	-0.032
0.033	1917	24.351	0.084	-3.801	0.059
0.034	1916	24.455	0.067	-3.980	0.072
0.035	1915	24.333	0.037	-4.203	0.017
0.036	1914	24.153	0.131	-4.230	-0.180
0.037	1913	23.695	0.018	-4.255	-0.210
0.038	1912	24.007	0.055	-4.128	0.031
0.039	1911	24.056	0.063	-3.875	0.168
0.040	1910	24.350	0.158	-3.836	0.244
0.041	1909	24.423	0.062	-3.747	0.232
0.042	1908	24.365	0.006	-3.673	0.289
0.043	1907	24.471	0.145	-3.679	0.202
0.044	1906	24.533	0.042	-3.589	0.184
0.045	1905	23.593	0.239	-3.844	0.275
0.046	1904	23.355	0.064	-3.888	0.179
0.047	1903	23.766	0.108	-3.726	0.231
0.048	1902	24.146	0.084	-3.756	0.275
0.049	1901	23.631	0.070	-3.787	0.274
0.050	1900	24.690	0.060	-3.620	0.348
0.051	1899	24.009	0.088	-3.945	-0.011
0.052	1898	24.561	0.124	-3.990	0.241
0.053	1897	24.203	0.050	-3.920	0.293
0.054	1896	23.693	0.011	-4.144	0.133
0.055	1895	23.814	0.057	-4.188	0.176
0.056	1894	24.301	0.036	-4.184	0.204
0.057	1893	24.900	0.108	-4.010	0.361
0.058	1892	25.147	0.020	-3.699	0.802
0.059	1891	25.312	0.088	-3.602	0.625
0.060	1890	25.430	0.037	-3.563	0.646
0.061	1889	25.139	0.115	-3.331	0.629
0.062	1888	24.931	0.128	-3.507	0.442
0.063	1887	25.028	0.109	-3.659	0.723
0.064	1886	25.240	0.054	-3.695	0.387
0.065	1885	25.321	0.041	-3.477	0.508
0.066	1884	24.959	0.127	-3.685	0.582
0.067	1883	24.611	0.021	-3.767	0.601
0.068	1882	24.460	0.017	-4.157	0.328
0.069	1881	24.604	0.130	-3.826	0.407
0.070	1880	25.084	0.098	-3.768	0.666
0.071	1879	25.257	0.149	-4.032	0.552
0.072	1878	25.012	0.203	-3.750	0.260
0.073	1877	24.823	0.132	-3.751	0.445
0.074	1876	24.853	0.052	-3.621	0.523
0.075	1875	24.774	0.121	-3.623	0.478
0.076	1874	24.532	0.076	-3.813	0.417
0.077	1873	24.841	0.034	-4.074	0.321
0.078	1872	25.049	0.139	-3.758	0.519
0.079	1871	24.681	0.065	-3.838	0.359
0.080	1870	24.698	0.039	-3.764	0.328
0.081	1869	24.711	0.107	-3.841	0.421
0.082	1868	24.797	0.061	-3.827	0.247
0.083	1867	25.037	0.064	-3.693	0.675
0.084	1866	24.968	0.155	-3.679	0.746
0.085	1865	24.913	0.011	-3.679	0.619
0.086	1864	24.676	0.078	-3.656	0.569
0.087	1863	24.990	0.114	-3.640	0.649
0.088	1862	25.142	0.145	-3.523	0.672
0.089	1861	24.765	0.113	-3.866	0.462
0.090	1860	24.698	0.110	-3.716	0.434
0.091	1859	24.513	0.026	-3.830	0.444
0.092	1858	24.624	0.104	-3.916	0.312
0.093	1857	24.309	0.195	-3.947	0.465
0.094	1856	24.460	0.155	-4.068	0.379
0.095	1855	24.484	0.198	-3.951	0.454
0.096	1854	24.960	0.102	-3.906	0.612
0.097	1853	24.878	0.145	-3.707	0.590
0.098	1852	24.817	0.116	-3.686	0.571
0.099	1851	24.723	0.101	-3.620	0.565
0.100	1850	24.655	0.159	-3.776	0.552
0.101	1849	24.833	0.120	-3.733	0.526
0.102	1848	24.525	0.101	-3.750	0.481
0.103	1847	24.745	0.060	-3.906	0.498
0.104	1846	24.755	0.140	-3.622	0.682
0.105	1845	24.403	0.137	-3.554	0.522
0.106	1844	24.545	0.155	-3.914	0.455
0.107	1843	24.057	0.118	-3.872	0.305
0.108	1842	23.945	0.094	-3.800	0.379
0.109	1841	24.620	0.295	-3.653	0.614
0.110	1840	24.786	0.146	-3.875	0.095
0.111	1839	24.146	0.094	-3.917	0.153
0.112	1838	23.889	0.190	-3.820	0.313
0.113	1837	23.947	0.080	-3.750	0.265
0.114	1836	24.617	0.076	-3.700	0.223
0.115	1835	24.557	0.180	-3.595	0.590
0.116	1834	24.490	0.187	-3.681	0.360
0.117	1833	24.589	0.123	-3.649	0.392
0.118	1832	24.671	0.185	-3.651	0.188
0.119	1831	24.569	0.066	-3.648	0.360
0.120	1830	24.785	0.061	-3.523	0.587
0.121	1829	24.855	0.145	-3.713	0.436
0.122	1828	24.780	0.012	-3.695	0.234
0.123	1827	24.882	0.030	-3.885	0.338
0.124	1826	25.200	0.026	-3.758	0.453
0.125	1825	25.022	0.138	-3.548	0.501
0.126	1824	24.855	0.135	-3.669	0.376
0.127	1823	24.822	0.082	-3.695	0.463
0.128	1822	24.691	0.212	-3.793	0.374
0.129	1821	24.604	0.045	-3.887	0.256
0.130	1820	25.029	0.027	-3.770	0.323
0.131	1819	24.862	0.093	-3.742	0.528
0.132	1818	24.156	0.158	-3.745	0.353
0.133	1817	24.349	0.075	-4.015	0.361
0.134	1816	24.008	0.135	-3.997	0.275
0.135	1815	24.017	0.131	-4.033	0.262
0.136	1814	24.275	0.197	-4.015	0.284
0.137	1813	24.587	0.033	-3.926	0.317
0.138	1812	24.473	0.215	-3.829	0.276
0.139	1811	24.218	0.117	-3.900	0.158
0.140	1810	24.498	0.022	-3.969	0.011
0.141	1809	24.793	0.042	-3.887	0.344
0.142	1808	24.542	0.156	-3.897	0.370
0.143	1807	24.440	0.143	-3.790	0.262
0.144	1806	24.769	0.202	-3.745	0.392
0.145	1805	24.615	0.072	-3.779	0.314
0.146	1804	24.380	0.030	-3.701	0.356
0.147	1803	24.757	0.251	-3.579	0.710
0.148	1802	25.134	0.109	-3.563	0.745
0.149	1801	25.238	0.064	-3.454	0.715
0.150	1800	25.102	0.144	-3.510	0.597
0.151	1799	25.386	0.019	-3.456	0.567
0.152	1798	25.223	0.234	-3.355	0.594
0.153	1797	25.544	0.085	-3.403	0.579
0.154	1796	25.523	0.124	-3.225	0.742
0.155	1795	25.395	0.136	-3.323	0.791
0.156	1794	25.374	0.116	-3.405	0.735
0.157	1793	25.373	0.162	-3.239	1.043
0.158	1792	25.242	0.095	-3.765	0.491
0.159	1791	25.108	0.048	-3.860	0.565
0.160	1790	24.611	0.147	-3.615	0.608
0.161	1789	24.559	0.037	-3.742	0.672
0.162	1788	24.362	0.050	-3.835	0.385
0.163	1787	24.859	0.164	-3.809	0.685
0.164	1786	24.877	0.068	-3.451	0.872
0.165	1785	24.706	0.036	-3.616	0.870
0.166	1784	24.674	0.163	-3.592	0.863
0.167	1783	24.817	0.140	-3.517	0.925
0.168	1782	24.806	0.097	-3.663	0.652
0.169	1781	24.779	0.123	-3.484	0.693
0.170	1780	24.599	0.080	-3.561	0.536
0.171	1779	24.669	0.038	-3.586	0.837
0.172	1778	24.734	0.126	-3.825	0.753
0.173	1777	24.732	0.102	-3.725	0.551
0.174	1776	24.197	0.039	-3.861	0.255
0.175	1775	24.501	0.019	-3.758	0.221
0.176	1774	24.411	0.050	-3.819	0.369
0.177	1773	24.568	0.067	-3.852	0.533
0.178	1772	24.608	0.072	-3.633	0.539
0.179	1771	24.906	0.050	-3.655	0.410
0.180	1770	24.926	0.089	-3.775	0.379
0.181	1769	24.685	0.065	-3.782	0.379
0.182	1768	24.704	0.087	-3.522	0.329
0.183	1767	24.426	0.109	-3.986	0.174
0.184	1766	24.546	0.086	-3.961	0.360
0.185	1765	24.768	0.023	-3.912	0.516
0.186	1764	24.887	0.062	-3.756	0.657
0.187	1763	25.019	0.096	-3.746	0.479
0.188	1762	24.538	0.030	-3.805	0.434
0.189	1761	24.554	0.034	-3.841	0.329
0.190	1760	24.856	0.066	-3.615	0.487
0.191	1759	24.804	0.033	-3.516	0.519
0.192	1758	24.726	0.116	-3.743	0.357
0.193	1757	24.824	0.043	-3.528	0.401
0.194	1756	25.018	0.044	-3.683	0.089
0.195	1755	24.520	0.050	-3.741	0.281
0.196	1754	24.579	0.074	-3.941	0.175
0.197	1753	24.561	0.160	-3.742	-0.109
0.198	1752	24.215	0.084	-3.680	0.011
0.199	1751	23.798	0.021	-3.728	0.205
0.200	1750	24.105	0.106	-3.870	0.176
0.201	1749	23.847	0.052	-3.737	-0.047
0.202	1748	24.412	0.054	-3.706	0.075
0.203	1747	24.222	0.177	-3.655	-0.112
0.204	1746	24.308	0.080	-3.559	0.128
0.205	1745	24.047	0.210	-3.496	0.060
0.206	1744	24.499	0.164	-3.482	0.176
0.207	1743	24.592	0.135	-3.468	0.302
0.208	1742	24.602	0.099	-3.657	0.223
0.209	1741	24.802	0.093	-3.702	-0.246
0.210	1740	24.803	0.051	-3.567	0.412
0.211	1739	24.223	0.102	-3.706	0.076
0.212	1738	24.541	0.108	-3.804	0.281
0.213	1737	24.718	0.153	-3.809	0.116
0.214	1736	24.410	0.208	-3.951	0.091
0.215	1735	24.526	0.042	-3.897	0.208
0.216	1734	24.501	0.054	-3.998	0.105
0.217	1733	24.478	0.054	-3.675	0.292
0.218	1732	24.045	0.166	-3.662	0.271
0.219	1731	24.170	0.101	-3.613	0.187
0.220	1730	23.937	0.064	-3.779	0.386
0.221	1729	24.330	0.056	-3.756	0.197
0.222	1728	24.633	0.106	-3.554	0.292
0.223	1727	25.080	0.115	-3.524	0.483
0.224	1726	24.132	0.179	-3.620	0.512
0.225	1725	24.305	0.199	-3.582	0.447
0.226	1724	24.069	0.059	-3.610	0.430
0.227	1723	23.813	0.195	-3.739	0.413
0.228	1722	24.350	0.093	-3.433	0.474
0.229	1721	24.301	0.258	-3.359	0.641
0.230	1720	24.371	0.221	-3.463	0.511
0.231	1719	23.962	0.165	-3.462	0.578
0.232	1718	23.841	0.155	-3.835	0.269
0.233	1717	24.170	0.133	-3.679	0.240
0.234	1716	23.843	0.108	-3.561	0.381
0.235	1715	24.326	0.106	-3.697	0.430
0.236	1714	24.171	0.040	-3.507	0.331
0.237	1713	24.270	0.128	-3.594	0.314
0.238	1712	23.984	0.096	-3.479	0.330
0.239	1711	23.837	0.123	-3.611	0.243
0.240	1710	23.754	0.015	-3.394	0.322
0.241	1709	24.105	0.044	-3.410	0.331
0.242	1708	24.524	0.133	-3.600	-0.286
0.243	1707	24.981	0.125	-3.529	0.402
0.244	1706	24.412	0.032	-3.623	0.231
0.245	1705	24.666	0.124	-3.279	0.705
0.246	1704	24.453	0.170	-3.266	0.647
0.247	1703	23.983	0.175	-3.274	0.375
0.248	1702	24.235	0.089	-3.409	0.503
0.249	1701	23.844	0.024	-3.334	0.304
0.250	1700	23.989	0.177	-3.299	0.347
0.251	1699	24.126	0.101	-3.414	0.368
0.252	1698	23.944	0.165	-3.460	0.299
0.253	1697	24.098	0.095	-3.269	0.394
0.254	1696	23.666	0.089	-3.290	0.308
0.255	1695	23.905	0.009	-3.234	0.444
0.256	1694	24.162	0.245	-3.165	0.531
0.257	1693	23.807	0.049	-3.253	0.379
0.258	1692	24.021	0.030