Citation:

0959683618810396

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Abstract:

The southern Benguela upwelling system near the St Helena Bay has been proposed to be affected by various factors, while few investigations about the late-Holocene oceanic conditions has been carried out in this area. To determine the oceanic variability and its forcing mechanisms in the southern Benguela region during the late-Holocene, we examined organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) records from two marine sediment cores located in the southernmost and central Benguela upwelling system. We compare our results with other proxies including alkenone-derived SSTs, grain size, and coccolithophore assemblages from the same samples. The results indicate a distinctive behavior between the southernmost Benguela system and the central Benguela area. We infer that the oceanic conditions in these two regions are primarily governed by an interplay of wind-induced upwelling, fluvial discharge, and advection of cold sub-Antarctic waters, which is consistent with the current understanding of the paleoclimate conditions in this area. However, the findings also suggest that the southernmost Benguela system also receives additional effects of warm and saline waters via the Agulhas leakage, which has a clear influence on the oceanic conditions in this area.

Project(s):

Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM)

Coverage:

Latitude: -32.031500 * Longitude: 18.221500

Date/Time Start: 2003-01-29T16:40:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-01-29T16:40:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.015 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 2.245 m

Event(s):

GeoB8323-2 * Latitude: -32.031500 * Longitude: 18.221500 * Date/Time: 2003-01-29T16:40:00 * Elevation: -91.0 m * Recovery: 2.85 m * Campaign: * Basis: * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL) * Comment: See core description

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m	Zhao, Xueqin	Geocode
2	Depth, top/min	Depth top	m	Zhao, Xueqin
3	Depth, bottom/max	Depth bot	m	Zhao, Xueqin
4	AGE	Age	ka BP	Zhao, Xueqin	Geocode
5	Age	Age	a AD/CE	Zhao, Xueqin
6	Brigantedinium spp.	Brigantedinium spp.	#	Zhao, Xueqin
7	Dubridinium spp.	Dubridinium spp.	#	Zhao, Xueqin
8	Echinidinium spp.	Echinidinium spp.	#	Zhao, Xueqin
9	Echinidinium aculeatum	E. aculeatum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
10	Echinidinium delicatum	E. delicatum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
11	Echinidinium transparantum	E. transparantum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
12	Echinidinium granulatum	E. granulatum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
13	Echinidinium zonneveldiae	E. zonneveldiae	#	Zhao, Xueqin
14	Lejeunecysta spp.	Lejeunecysta spp.	#	Zhao, Xueqin
15	Lejeunecysta oliva	L. oliva	#	Zhao, Xueqin
16	Lejeunecysta sabrina	L. sabrina	#	Zhao, Xueqin
17	Lejeunecysta paratenella	L. paratenella	#	Zhao, Xueqin
18	Polykrikos kofoidii	P. kofoidii	#	Zhao, Xueqin
19	Polykrikos schwartzii	P. schwartzii	#	Zhao, Xueqin
20	Protoperidinium americanum	P. americanum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
21	Quinquecuspis concreta	Q. concreta	#	Zhao, Xueqin
22	Selenopemphix nephroides	S. nephroides	#	Zhao, Xueqin
23	Selenopemphix quanta	S. quanta	#	Zhao, Xueqin
24	Stelladinium robustum	S. robustum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
25	Trinovantedinium applanatum	T. applanatum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
26	Votadinium spinosum	V. spinosum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
27	Votadinium calvum	V. calvum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
28	Xandarodinium xanthum	X. xanthum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
29	Protoperidinium monospinum	P. monospinum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
30	Impagidinium spp.	Impagidinium spp.	#	Zhao, Xueqin
31	Impagidinium variaseptum	I. variaseptum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
32	Lingulodinium machaerophorum	L. machaerophorum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
33	Operculodinium centrocarpum	O. centrocarpum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
34	Operculodinium israelianum	O. israelianum	#	Zhao, Xueqin
35	Polysphaeridium zoharyi	P. zoharyi	#	Zhao, Xueqin
36	Spiniferites membranaceus	S. membranaceus	#	Zhao, Xueqin
37	Spiniferites mirabilis	S. mirabilis	#	Zhao, Xueqin
38	Spiniferites hyperacanthus	S. hyperacanthus	#	Zhao, Xueqin
39	Spiniferites ramosus	S. ramosus	#	Zhao, Xueqin
40	Spiniferites spp.	Spiniferites spp.	#	Zhao, Xueqin
41	Dinoflagellate indeterminata	Dinofl indet	#	Zhao, Xueqin
42	Dinoflagellate cyst	Dinofl cyst	#	Zhao, Xueqin
43	Lycopodium	Lyc	#	Zhao, Xueqin
44	Volume	Vol	ml	Zhao, Xueqin
45	Lycopodium (added)	Lyc(ad)	#	Zhao, Xueqin

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1505 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Depth sed [m]	2 Depth top [m]	3 Depth bot [m]	4 Age [ka BP]	5 Age [a AD/CE]	6 Brigantedinium spp. [#]	7 Dubridinium spp. [#]	8 Echinidinium spp. [#]	9 E. aculeatum [#]	10 E. delicatum [#]	11 E. transparantum [#]	12 E. granulatum [#]	13 E. zonneveldiae [#]	14 Lejeunecysta spp. [#]	15 L. oliva [#]	16 L. sabrina [#]	17 L. paratenella [#]	18 P. kofoidii [#]	19 P. schwartzii [#]	20 P. americanum [#]	21 Q. concreta [#]	22 S. nephroides [#]	23 S. quanta [#]	24 S. robustum [#]	25 T. applanatum [#]	26 V. spinosum [#]	27 V. calvum [#]	28 X. xanthum [#]	29 P. monospinum [#]	30 Impagidinium spp. [#]	31 I. variaseptum [#]	32 L. machaerophorum [#]	33 O. centrocarpum [#]	34 O. israelianum [#]	35 P. zoharyi [#]	36 S. membranaceus [#]	37 S. mirabilis [#]	38 S. hyperacanthus [#]	39 S. ramosus [#]	40 Spiniferites spp. [#]	41 Dinofl indet [#]	42 Dinofl cyst [#]	43 Lyc [#]	44 Vol [ml]	45 Lyc(ad) [#]
0.015	0.01	0.02	0.011	1939.443	105	83	2	19	5	4	11	1	0	4	0	16	1	27	31	1	1	65	0	1	6	1	0	40	0	0	0	16	0	5	0	8	2	1	0	0	456	92	3.5	37168
0.075	0.07	0.08	0.053	1897.215	116	89	2	21	2	0	11	1	0	3	0	16	1	23	12	1	3	52	0	0	4	1	0	19	0	0	0	17	1	7	0	2	5	2	2	0	413	90	3.0	37168
0.135	0.13	0.14	0.095	1854.987	118	77	3	17	2	2	13	1	0	3	0	15	0	31	31	5	2	58	0	0	8	0	0	36	0	0	0	12	0	3	0	2	2	3	1	0	445	60	4.5	37168
0.165	0.16	0.17	0.116	1833.873	100	60	3	17	1	1	12	1	0	2	0	18	0	26	23	2	1	56	0	0	7	1	0	62	0	0	0	3	0	0	1	0	0	2	2	0	401	78	3.5	37168
0.245	0.24	0.25	0.172	1777.570	167	60	4	10	2	1	17	2	0	1	0	4	3	14	27	0	3	51	0	0	7	0	0	26	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	2	0	13	2	0	417	42	5.2	37168
0.325	0.32	0.33	0.229	1721.266	122	61	3	10	2	1	11	0	0	7	1	11	0	19	28	5	3	54	0	0	4	1	0	25	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	6	3	16	3	0	397	83	3.5	37168
0.485	0.48	0.49	0.378	1571.900	226	90	1	3	0	0	12	0	2	15	0	10	1	9	7	2	2	51	0	0	3	1	0	12	0	0	0	1	0	2	0	6	4	3	0	0	463	91	8.0	37168
0.645	0.64	0.65	0.557	1393.100	123	70	0	17	4	2	17	0	0	5	0	3	0	15	17	2	4	121	0	1	9	0	0	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	2	20	1	0	486	42	6.0	37168
0.805	0.80	0.81	0.737	1213.500	128	70	3	16	1	0	13	1	3	4	1	6	0	11	45	2	5	83	1	2	1	0	0	21	0	0	0	1	0	3	0	2	2	22	5	0	452	62	6.0	37168
0.965	0.96	0.97	0.913	1037.400	120	67	0	34	2	2	12	0	0	4	0	1	0	9	44	2	1	77	0	0	5	1	1	13	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	3	16	0	0	416	56	6.0	37168
1.045	1.04	1.05	1.000	949.500	104	96	1	28	4	3	9	1	1	6	1	1	4	8	13	1	4	100	0	0	4	0	0	28	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	3	4	1	0	429	29	4.5	21358
1.125	1.12	1.13	1.086	864.400	147	80	5	11	4	2	10	0	0	2	0	1	1	8	7	4	2	114	0	1	4	1	0	10	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	13	5	12	4	0	450	37	6.0	37168
1.165	1.16	1.17	1.125	824.600	136	82	0	9	1	4	12	0	0	2	2	3	1	9	8	1	4	83	0	1	3	0	0	36	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9	4	14	1	0	425	34	3.5	21358
1.205	1.20	1.21	1.165	785.100	110	73	2	5	1	0	18	1	0	4	1	5	2	11	21	3	3	65	0	0	7	1	0	19	0	0	0	0	1	5	0	22	12	32	4	0	428	69	4.0	37168
1.285	1.28	1.29	1.245	704.900	72	88	2	23	3	2	7	0	1	2	1	3	0	23	4	4	2	52	0	0	8	1	0	12	0	0	0	3	0	4	0	57	16	40	9	0	439	46	6.0	37168
1.365	1.36	1.37	1.326	624.400	103	92	1	5	1	0	8	0	0	1	0	3	2	12	13	1	6	48	0	0	4	0	0	14	0	0	0	1	3	1	0	43	14	58	4	0	438	54	6.0	37168
1.405	1.40	1.41	1.366	583.700	89	107	3	13	1	1	8	0	0	2	1	6	7	14	12	3	4	42	1	0	3	1	0	16	0	0	0	1	2	5	0	48	21	26	1	0	438	53	4.5	37168
1.425	1.42	1.43	1.387	563.300	84	113	4	10	2	5	10	1	3	4	0	2	7	17	10	4	6	48	1	2	11	0	0	25	0	1	0	4	7	3	0	40	10	28	1	0	463	11	9.0	21358
1.445	1.44	1.45	1.407	543.000	91	94	1	14	2	4	4	0	0	2	0	7	7	15	8	5	3	49	0	1	3	0	0	8	0	0	0	5	6	3	0	61	24	16	1	2	436	43	5.5	37168
1.525	1.52	1.53	1.488	461.500	124	112	1	13	1	2	12	0	5	1	0	3	5	19	14	2	0	41	1	2	2	2	0	13	0	0	0	4	2	5	0	20	13	13	2	0	434	36	5.1	37168
1.605	1.60	1.61	1.569	380.900	124	90	3	15	2	1	14	0	1	8	0	8	4	10	7	1	3	74	3	3	5	3	0	10	0	0	0	3	6	3	0	6	7	11	1	0	426	49	5.0	37168
1.645	1.64	1.65	1.610	340.400	99	109	3	8	2	4	10	1	0	7	0	15	13	7	9	1	3	68	0	3	4	0	2	27	0	0	0	10	1	6	0	6	10	2	0	0	430	21	6.5	21358
1.685	1.68	1.69	1.650	300.200	129	80	1	4	7	5	14	1	1	1	0	7	10	16	14	4	2	87	1	0	1	0	0	25	0	0	0	4	3	3	0	4	6	6	2	0	438	29	6.0	37168
1.725	1.72	1.73	1.691	259.300	87	144	1	11	7	3	7	0	0	5	1	11	15	21	12	2	2	67	1	1	1	0	0	31	0	0	1	8	10	8	0	18	9	2	1	0	487	25	7.0	21358
1.765	1.76	1.77	1.731	218.600	151	104	0	3	0	1	10	0	1	6	0	13	0	21	0	3	0	45	3	3	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	7	9	21	0	12	14	3	1	0	433	169	5.0	37168
1.815	1.81	1.82	1.783	167.000	53	121	5	12	2	5	1	1	0	5	0	15	16	20	7	0	1	50	1	1	0	1	0	41	0	0	0	9	10	12	0	5	12	4	2	0	412	25	6.5	21358
1.865	1.86	1.87	1.834	115.900	63	101	2	10	2	6	8	1	0	1	0	12	8	19	7	5	0	57	2	1	3	0	0	37	0	0	0	10	11	19	0	5	10	8	1	0	409	14	5.5	21358
1.895	1.89	1.90	1.864	85.600	72	87	2	12	2	5	7	1	0	4	0	17	14	26	8	3	1	55	0	1	6	0	0	19	1	0	0	25	10	29	0	6	14	7	4	0	438	29	3.5	21358
1.925	1.92	1.93	1.895	55.200	110	62	2	9	0	0	5	0	1	0	1	11	3	25	2	1	1	60	0	1	1	0	0	16	0	0	0	45	17	24	0	5	14	9	1	0	426	46	6.0	37168
1.965	1.96	1.97	1.935	14.900	66	74	4	15	0	2	13	0	2	4	0	7	11	36	1	0	3	59	1	2	2	1	0	16	0	0	0	26	25	26	0	12	18	5	1	0	432	24	4.0	21358
2.005	2.00	2.01	1.975	-25.300	100	61	4	16	0	0	7	0	3	6	1	8	11	32	7	0	1	57	2	4	4	1	0	24	0	0	0	8	1	11	0	6	30	3	2	0	410	30	4.0	21358
2.045	2.04	2.05	2.016	-66.100	86	122	1	19	2	2	5	4	1	1	0	8	10	32	9	3	1	80	2	1	5	0	0	22	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	6	30	7	6	0	466	27	4.0	21358
2.085	2.08	2.09	2.057	-107.000	103	133	2	8	2	0	12	2	0	3	0	13	17	41	7	1	5	72	0	6	0	2	0	12	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	4	7	4	2	0	460	49	5.5	37168
2.165	2.16	2.17	2.137	-187.200	59	123	3	13	1	3	6	4	0	1	0	7	29	64	12	1	2	48	2	0	5	1	0	21	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	9	2	1	420	33	3.5	21358
2.245	2.24	2.25	2.218	-267.900	87	81	2	10	1	0	7	0	0	5	0	8	25	67	10	2	4	65	3	1	3	1	0	11	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	3	1	21	1	0	420	70	5.0	37168