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Schiebel, Vera; Litt, Thomas (2017): Holocene pollen record from Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), Israel [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.884740, Supplement to: Schiebel, V; Litt, T (2018): Holocene vegetation history of the southern Levant based on a pollen record from Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), Israel. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 27(4), 577-590, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-017-0658-3

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Abstract:
Lake Kinneret, also known as the Sea of Galilee and Lake Tiberias, is located in the northeast of Israel. At a lake level of 211 m b.s.l. (below mean sea level), the central basin is 43 m deep. The maximum length of the lake is 21 km (N-S) and its maximum width is 12 km (W-E). Lake Kinneret's surface area is 166 166 km². A new 17.8 m long sedimentary core was drilled in 2010. Here, we present the entire palynological record from it, which covers the last ~ 9,000 years. Special emphasis is given to the natural and human-influenced vegetation history of Galilee in comparison to that of the more southerly Dead Sea region. Significant signs of human impact are the first Olea (olive) increase during the beginning of the Chalcolithic period between 7,000 and 6,500 years ago, as well as the prominent Olea phase during the Hellenistic/Roman/Byzantine period between 2,300 and 1,500 years ago. Mediterranean macchia and bathas scrub vegetation, as known in the area today, has developed in the southern Levant under human impact since the last ca. 1,500 years.
Coverage:
Latitude: 32.823280 * Longitude: 35.588810
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.01 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 17.54 m
Event(s):
KI10_I_II (Lake_Kinneret core site) * Latitude: 32.823280 * Longitude: 35.588810 * Location: Sea of Galilee, Israel * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: KI10_1 13.3. m core recovery, KI10_II 17.8 m core recovery, drilling with UWITEC gravity corer and piston corer
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Sample volumeSamp volcm3Litt, Thomas
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmLitt, ThomasGeocode – composite
AGEAgeka BPLitt, ThomasGeocode – y = 0.1967x
Olea europaeaOle.e#Litt, Thomas
Quercus calliprinos-typeQ. calliprinos-T#Litt, Thomas
Quercus ithaburensis-typeQ. ithaburensis-T#Litt, Thomas
Quercus indeterminataQue.indet#Litt, Thomas
PistaciaPst#Litt, Thomas
PhillyreaPhi#Litt, Thomas
10 Ephedra fragilis-typeEph.f-T#Litt, Thomas
11 Ephedra distachya-typeEph.d-T#Litt, Thomas
12 TamarixTam#Litt, Thomas
13 PinusPin#Litt, Thomas
14 BetulaBet#Litt, Thomas
15 Juglans regiaJug.r#Litt, Thomas
16 Vitis viniferaVts.v#Litt, Thomas
17 CupressaceaeCupae#Litt, Thomas
18 FagusFag#Litt, Thomas
19 AlnusAln#Litt, Thomas
20 TiliaTil#Litt, Thomas
21 EucalyptusEuc#Litt, Thomas
22 ChenopodiaceaeCheae#Litt, Thomas
23 CichorioideaeCicoid#Litt, Thomas
24 AsteroideaeAsteroideae#Litt, Thomas
25 ArtemisiaArt#Litt, Thomas
26 PoaceaePoac#Litt, Thomas
27 Cerealia-typeCrl-T#Litt, Thomas
28 PlantaginaceaePlaae#Litt, Thomas
29 ApiaceaeApiae#Litt, Thomas
30 BrassicaceaeBraae#Litt, Thomas
31 CaryophyllaceaeCphae#Litt, Thomas
32 RubiaceaeRubae#Litt, Thomas
33 CentaureaCen#Litt, Thomas
34 RumexRum#Litt, Thomas
35 CistusCiu#Litt, Thomas
36 RosaceaeRosae#Litt, Thomas
37 FabaceaeFabae#Litt, Thomas
38 SalviaSav#Litt, Thomas
39 Mentha-typeMen-T#Litt, Thomas
40 ScrophulariaceaeScoae#Litt, Thomas
41 CucurbitaceaeCucureae#Litt, Thomas
42 Sarcopoterium spinosumSar.s#Litt, Thomas
43 PolygonaceaePolae#Litt, Thomas
44 EpilobiumEpl#Litt, Thomas
45 RanunculaceaeRanae#Litt, Thomas
46 TheligonumThg#Litt, Thomas
47 Rhamnus-typeRha-T#Litt, Thomas
48 AsphodelusAph#Litt, Thomas
49 FumanaFua#Litt, Thomas
50 HypericumHyp#Litt, Thomas
51 ScabiosaSca#Litt, Thomas
52 CannabisCan#Litt, Thomas
53 ThalictrumTha#Litt, Thomas
54 LinumLin#Litt, Thomas
55 PapaveraceaePapae#Litt, Thomas
56 UrticaceaeUrtae#Litt, Thomas
57 AnemoneAne#Litt, Thomas
58 LythrumLyt#Litt, Thomas
59 AdonisAdn#Litt, Thomas
60 StyraxSty#Litt, Thomas
61 ElatineEla#Litt, Thomas
62 MalvaceaeMalvae#Litt, Thomas
63 EricaceaeEriae#Litt, Thomas
64 CampanulaceaeCamae#Litt, Thomas
65 CyperaceaeCypae#Litt, Thomas
66 FilipendulaFlp#Litt, Thomas
67 SparganiumSpa#Litt, Thomas
68 Pollen, destroyedPollen dest#Litt, Thomas
69 LycopodiumLyc#Litt, Thomas
70 Pollen, totalPollen tot#Litt, Thomasconcentration
Size:
4964 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Samp vol [cm3]

Depth sed [m]

Age [ka BP]

Ole.e [#]

Q. calliprinos-T [#]

Q. ithaburensis-T [#]

Que.indet [#]

Pst [#]

Phi [#]
10 
Eph.f-T [#]
11 
Eph.d-T [#]
12 
Tam [#]
13 
Pin [#]
14 
Bet [#]
15 
Jug.r [#]
16 
Vts.v [#]
17 
Cupae [#]
18 
Fag [#]
19 
Aln [#]
20 
Til [#]
21 
Euc [#]
22 
Cheae [#]
23 
Cicoid [#]
24 
Asteroideae [#]
25 
Art [#]
26 
Poac [#]
27 
Crl-T [#]
28 
Plaae [#]
29 
Apiae [#]
30 
Braae [#]
31 
Cphae [#]
32 
Rubae [#]
33 
Cen [#]
34 
Rum [#]
35 
Ciu [#]
36 
Rosae [#]
37 
Fabae [#]
38 
Sav [#]
39 
Men-T [#]
40 
Scoae [#]
41 
Cucureae [#]
42 
Sar.s [#]
43 
Polae [#]
44 
Epl [#]
45 
Ranae [#]
46 
Thg [#]
47 
Rha-T [#]
48 
Aph [#]
49 
Fua [#]
50 
Hyp [#]
51 
Sca [#]
52 
Can [#]
53 
Tha [#]
54 
Lin [#]
55 
Papae [#]
56 
Urtae [#]
57 
Ane [#]
58 
Lyt [#]
59 
Adn [#]
60 
Sty [#]
61 
Ela [#]
62 
Malvae [#]
63 
Eriae [#]
64 
Camae [#]
65 
Cypae [#]
66 
Flp [#]
67 
Spa [#]
68 
Pollen dest [#]
69 
Lyc [#]
70 
Pollen tot [#]
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5.4011.775.984811467414110071000000028311718154913119311404170200000070000200000000000021434318125746
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