Profe, Jörn; Neumann, Lena; Novothny, Ágnes; Barta, Gabriella; Rolf, Christian; Frechen, Manfred; Ohlendorf, Christian; Zolitschka, Bernd (2017): XRF, carbon and CaCO3 data from the loess-paleosol sequence Süttö, Hungary [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.884092,

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Supplement to: Profe, J et al. (2018): Paleoenvironmental conditions and sedimentation dynamics in Central Europe inferred from geochemical data of the loess-paleosol sequence at Süttő (Hungary). Quaternary Science Reviews, 196, 21-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.034

This study provides a detailed geochemical record of one of the most detailed loess-paleosol sequence (LPS) in Hungary covering Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 to MIS 2. Süttő is situated in the northwestern Carpathian Basin at the transition between oceanic and continental climate. We investigated weathering intensity, dust provenance and sedimentation dynamics by high-resolution X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning of discrete samples in comparison with quantitative XRF and other published proxy data such as grain-size, magnetic susceptibility and micromorphology. Multivariate statistics unravel pedogenesis in terms of decalcification and grain-size dynamics as processes controlling the elemental composition. Furthermore, high-resolution chemostratigraphy indicates geochemical homogeneity for mature MIS 5 paleosols and the modern soil. Together with the A-CN-K plot providing no hint for K-feldspar weathering, semi-arid continental paleoenvironmental conditions are considered as prevailing. Dust provenance is studied by geochemical reference literature data from potential ultimate dust source areas, Th/metal ratios and comparison with the composition of the upper continental crust (UCC). Results indicate a felsic rock composition and a stable dust source, albeit immediate (adjacent Danube floodplains) and ultimate dust sources (surrounding mountain belts) need to be distinguished. According to the Sr-K-Rb plot, the Austroalpine cover nappes area northwest of Süttő might be the dominant ultimate dust source. The weathering-resistant elements Al, Ti and Zr as well as Zr/metal ratios indicate Zr addition and thus strongest sediment sorting and/ or recycling during MIS 6. Since Al, Ti and Zr show minimal correlations with grain-size, we suggest a cascade-alike transport pathway from ultimate source to sink involving multiple sediment recycling and sorting cycles in both fluvial and eolian domains. Therefore, this study highlights how high-resolution qualitative geochemical data contributes to a better understanding of paleoenvironmental and sedimentation dynamics at LPS. Application of such a versatile geochemical screening tool is of broad interest to the scientific community working on (terrestrial) paleoenvironmental archives that are commonly discretely sampled.