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Häggi, Christoph; Chiessi, Cristiano Mazur; Merkel, Ute; Mulitza, Stefan; Prange, Matthias; Schulz, Michael; Schefuß, Enno (2017): Plant-wax isotope values of sediment core GeoB16224-1. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881516, Supplement to: Häggi, C et al. (2017): Response of the Amazon rainforest to late Pleistocene climate variability. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 479, 50-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.013

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Abstract:
Variations in Amazonian hydrology and forest cover have major consequences for the global carbon and hydrological cycles as well as for biodiversity. Yet, the climate and vegetation history of the lowland Amazon basin and its effect on biogeography remain debated due to the scarcity of suitable high-resolution paleoclimate records. Here, we use the isotopic composition (dD and d13C) of plant-waxes from a high-resolution marine sediment core collected offshore the Amazon River to reconstruct the climate and vegetation history of the integrated lowland Amazon basin for the period from 50,000 to 12,800 yr before present. Our results show that dD values from the Last Glacial Maximum were more enriched than those from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and the present-day. We interpret this trend to reflect long-term changes in precipitation and atmospheric circulation, with overall drier conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum. Our results thus suggest a dominant glacial forcing of the climate in lowland Amazonia. In addition to previously suggested thermodynamic mechanisms of precipitation change, which are directly related to temperature, we conclude that changes in atmospheric circulation are crucial to explain the temporal evolution of Amazonian rainfall variations, as demonstrated in climate model experiments. Our vegetation reconstruction based on d13C values shows that the Amazon rainforest was affected by intrusions of savannah or more open vegetation types in its northern sector during Heinrich Stadials, while it was resilient to glacial drying. This suggests that biogeographic patterns in tropical South America were affected by Heinrich Stadials in addition to glacial-interglacial climate variability.
Further details:
Coverage:
Latitude: 6.656333 * Longitude: -52.083167
Date/Time Start: 2012-03-08T16:07:00 * Date/Time End: 2012-03-08T16:07:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.68 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 7.58 m
Event(s):
GeoB16224-1 (087-1) * Latitude: 6.656333 * Longitude: -52.083167 * Date/Time: 2012-03-08T16:07:00 * Elevation: -2510.0 m * Recovery: 7.6 m * Location: French Guiana * Campaign: MSM20/3 (AMADEUS) * Basis: Maria S. Merian * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL) * Comment: Geology, 760 cm
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1AGEAgeka BPHäggi, ChristophGeocode
2DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmHäggi, ChristophGeocode
3n-Alkane C29-C31, δDC29-C31 δD‰ SMOWHäggi, ChristophMean valuesvs. VSMOW
4n-Alkane C29-C31, δDC29-C31 δD‰ SMOWHäggi, ChristophMean values, ice volume correctedvs. VSMOW
5n-Alkane C29-C31, δD, standard errorC29-C31 δD std e±Häggi, ChristophIce volume correctedQ0.025, 2 Sigma
6n-Alkane C29-C31, δD, standard errorC29-C31 δD std e±Häggi, ChristophIce volume correctedQ0.975, 2 Sigma
7n-Alkane C29-C31, δ13CC29-C31 δ13C‰ PDBHäggi, ChristophMean valuesvs. VPDB
8n-Alkane C29-C31, δ13C, standard errorC29-C31 δ13C std e±Häggi, ChristophQ0.025, 2 Sigma
9n-Alkane C29-C31, δ13C, standard errorC29-C31 δ13C std e±Häggi, ChristophQ0.975, 2 Sigma
10n-Alkane C29, δDC29 δD‰ SMOWHäggi, ChristophIce volume correctedvs. VSMOW
11n-Alkane C31, δDC31 δD‰ SMOWHäggi, ChristophIce volume correctedvs. VSMOW
12n-Alkane C29, δ13CC29 δ13C‰ PDBHäggi, Christophvs. VPDB
13n-Alkane C31, δ13CC31 δ13C‰ PDBHäggi, Christophvs. VPDB
Size:
2000 data points

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