Usui, Akira; Nishimura, Akira (1992): Observation of manganese deposits on Kaikata Seamount, Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc by the Shikai 2000 submersible [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.880486, Supplement to: Usui, A; Nishimura, A (1992): Submersible observations of hydrothermal manganese deposits on the Kaikata Seamount, Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc. Marine Geology, 106(3-4), 203-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(92)90130-A
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Abstract:
During Dive 408 of Shinkai 2000 on the flank of the Kaikata Seamount located on the volcanic front of the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc, possibly recent hydrothermal manganese deposits were observed on sandy volcanic sediments at water depths of between 800 and 1200 m. The deposits cover almost the entire surface sediment across the manganese belt on the northwestern flank on the seamount on a scale of kilometers. The occurrence of the deposits, seafloor morphology and temperature of the sediments, together with previous shipboard results, lead to a possible model for the formation of the manganese deposits: A low-temperature hydrothermal solution ascends through fractures or faults in the volcanic substrate into permeable volcanic sands and precipitates manganate minerals which cement several centimeters of surface sand as hardpan. More intense and probably intermittent discharge of hydrothermal solution follows and forms many typical ridge-like vents and mounds on the seafloor. Subsequently, pure dense manganate layers developed beneath the semi-consolidated volcanic sandstone and act as a cap to the ascending fluids. The proposed mechanism may be the dominant type of low-temperature hydrothermal mineralization in submarine island-arc volcanoes and rifts. Similar hydrothermal manganese deopsits most probably occur in other active areas of the modern seafloors and in inactive island arcs.
Source:
Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
Further details:
Sea-bed photographs of hydrothermal deposits from Kaikata Seamount, Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc taken during Dive 408 of the Shinkai 2000 manned submersible
Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
Project(s):
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 26.702042 * Median Longitude: 140.917666 * South-bound Latitude: 26.701000 * West-bound Longitude: 140.915333 * North-bound Latitude: 26.703167 * East-bound Longitude: 140.919333
Date/Time Start: 1989-06-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1989-06-01T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m
Event(s):
Shinkai2000_408-S1 (DV408/St_1) * Latitude: 26.703167 * Longitude: 140.915333 * Date/Time: 1989-06-01T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1220.0 m * Location: Kaikata Seamount, Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Shinkai2000_DV408 (Na8906) * Basis: Natsushima * Method/Device: Submersible Shinkai 2000 (S2000) * Comment: Institute: JAMSTEC
Shinkai2000_408-S2 (DV408/St_2) * Latitude: 26.702167 * Longitude: 140.917833 * Date/Time: 1989-06-01T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1150.0 m * Location: Kaikata Seamount, Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Shinkai2000_DV408 (Na8906) * Basis: Natsushima * Method/Device: Submersible Shinkai 2000 (S2000) * Comment: Institute: JAMSTEC
Shinkai2000_408-S3 (DV408/St_3) * Latitude: 26.701833 * Longitude: 140.918167 * Date/Time: 1989-06-01T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1167.0 m * Location: Kaikata Seamount, Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Shinkai2000_DV408 (Na8906) * Basis: Natsushima * Method/Device: Submersible Shinkai 2000 (S2000) * Comment: Institute: JAMSTEC
Comment:
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | Usui, Akira | |||
| 2 | Date/Time of event | Date/Time | Usui, Akira | |||
| 3 | Latitude of event | Latitude | Usui, Akira | |||
| 4 | Longitude of event | Longitude | Usui, Akira | |||
| 5 | Elevation of event | Elevation | m | Usui, Akira | ||
| 6 | Sample ID | Sample ID | Usui, Akira | |||
| 7 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Usui, Akira | Geocode | |
| 8 | Position | Position | Usui, Akira | |||
| 9 | Deposit type | Deposit type | Usui, Akira | |||
| 10 | Quantity of deposit | Quantity | Usui, Akira | |||
| 11 | Size | Size | Usui, Akira | |||
| 12 | Substrate type | Substrate | Usui, Akira | |||
| 13 | Sediment type | Sediment | Usui, Akira | |||
| 14 | Description | Description | Usui, Akira | |||
| 15 | Uniform resource locator/link to image | URL image | Usui, Akira |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
32 data points
Data
| 1 Event | 2 Date/Time | 3 Latitude | 4 Longitude | 5 Elevation [m] | 6 Sample ID | 7 Depth sed [m] | 8 Position | 9 Deposit type | 10 Quantity | 11 Size | 12 Substrate | 13 Sediment | 14 Description | 15 URL image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shinkai2000_408-S1 | 1989-06 | 26.7032 | 140.9153 | -1220 | Shikai2000_408-S1-1 | 0 | Surface | Mn coating | Several | Consolidated sediment | Hard ground | Slight mineralisation. Top is sandstone like consolidated coarse volcanic sand impregnated with manganese oxides. Fragile frangipan deposit. | ||
| Shinkai2000_408-S2 | 1989-06 | 26.7022 | 140.9178 | -1150 | Shikai2000_408-S2-1 | 0 | Surface | Mn coating | Several | Consolidated sediment | Hard ground | Slight mineralisation. Top is sandstone like consolidated coarse volcanic sand impregnated with manganese oxides. Fragile frangipan deposit. | ||
| Shinkai2000_408-S3 | 1989-06 | 26.7018 | 140.9182 | -1167 | Shikai2000_408-S3-1 | 0 | Surface | Mn crust | Many | Up to 3.0 cm | Basalt | Hard ground | Hardpan of manganese impregnated coarse volcanic sand covering dense submetallic pure manganese sheets of a few centimeters (up to 3.0 cm) | DV408-St3_Fig9_Usui.jpg |
| Shinkai2000_408-S4 | 1989-06 | 26.7010 | 140.9193 | -1110 | Shikai2000_408-S4-1 | 0 | Surface | Mn crust | Many | Up to 10.0 cm | Basalt | Hard ground | Hardpan of manganese impregnated coarse volcanic sand covering dense submetallic pure thick manganese sheets(3.0-6.0 cm, up to 10.0 cm) | DV408-St4_Fig9_Usui.jpg |
