Citation:

PANGAEA.875937

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and predator avoidance behaviour of Tegula funebralis in the presence and absence of cue from Pisaster ochraceus
Published: 2016
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; North Pacific; Other; Single species; Tegula funebralis; Temperate

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Abstract:

Organism-level effects of ocean acidification (OA) are well recognized. Less understood are OA's consequences for ecological species interactions. Here, we examine a behaviourally mediated predator-prey interaction within the rocky intertidal zone of the temperate eastern Pacific Ocean, using it as a model system to explore OA's capacity to impair invertebrate anti-predator behaviours more broadly. Our system involves the iconic sea star predator, Pisaster ochraceus, that elicits flee responses in numerous gastropod prey. We examine, in particular, the capacity for OA-associated reductions in pH to alter flight behaviours of the black turban snail, Tegula funebralis, an often-abundant and well-studied grazer in the system. We assess interactions between these species at 16 discrete levels of pH, quantifying the full functional response of Tegula under present and near-future OA conditions. Results demonstrate the disruption of snail anti-predator behaviours at low pH, with decreases in the time individuals spend in refuge locations. We also show that fluctuations in pH, including those typical of rock pools inhabited by snails, do not materially change outcomes, implying little capacity for episodically benign pH conditions to aid behavioural recovery. Together, these findings suggest a strong potential for OA to induce cascading community-level shifts within this long-studied ecosystem.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; North Pacific; Other; Single species; Tegula funebralis; Temperate

Related to:

Jellison, Brittany M; Ninokawa, Aaron; Hill, Tessa M; Sanford, E; Gaylord, B (2016): Ocean acidification alters the response of intertidal snails to a key sea star predator. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 283, 20160890, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.0890

Original version:

Jellison, Brittany M; Ninokawa, Aaron; Hill, Tessa M; Sanford, E; Gaylord, B (2016): Data from: Ocean acidification alters the response of intertidal snails to a key sea star predator. Dryad Digital Repository, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.38m23

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Proye, Aurélien; Soetaert, Karline; Rae, James (2016): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2017-06-07.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Jellison, Brittany M		study
2	Species	Species		Jellison, Brittany M
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Jellison, Brittany M
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Jellison, Brittany M		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Experiment duration	Exp duration	days	Jellison, Brittany M
6	Experiment	Exp		Jellison, Brittany M
7	Identification	ID		Jellison, Brittany M		Snail
8	Treatment	Treat		Jellison, Brittany M		yes=in the presence of cue from Pisaster ochraceus, no=absence of cue from Pisaster ochraceus
9	Number	n	#	Jellison, Brittany M		Out of water
10	Number	n	#	Jellison, Brittany M		In water
11	Proportion of time	Proportion of time		Jellison, Brittany M		of time out of water
12	Length	l	mm	Jellison, Brittany M		path
13	Shape	Shape		Jellison, Brittany M		path
14	pH	pH		Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric	total scale, baseline pH level
15	pH, standard error	pH std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric	total scale, baseline pH level
16	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric titration	baseline pH level
17	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric titration	baseline pH level
18	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Jellison, Brittany M	Calculated using CO2SYS	baseline pH level
19	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error	pCO2water_SST_wet std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M	Calculated using CO2SYS	baseline pH level
20	Salinity	Sal		Jellison, Brittany M		baseline pH level
21	Salinity, standard error	Sal std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M		baseline pH level
22	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Jellison, Brittany M		baseline pH level
23	Temperature, water, standard error	T std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M		baseline pH level
24	pH	pH		Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric	total scale, reduced pH level
25	pH, standard error	pH std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric	total scale, reduced pH level
26	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric titration	reduced pH level
27	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M	Potentiometric titration	reduced pH level
28	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Jellison, Brittany M	Calculated using CO2SYS	reduced pH level
29	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error	pCO2water_SST_wet std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M	Calculated using CO2SYS	reduced pH level
30	Salinity	Sal		Jellison, Brittany M		reduced pH level
31	Salinity, standard error	Sal std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M		reduced pH level
32	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Jellison, Brittany M		reduced pH level
33	Temperature, water, standard error	T std e	±	Jellison, Brittany M		reduced pH level
34	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
35	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
36	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
37	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
38	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
39	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
40	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
41	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
42	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	baseline pH level
43	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
44	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
45	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
46	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
47	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
48	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
49	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level
50	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	reduced pH level

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1998 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (study)	2 Species	3 Reg spec no	4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID)	5 Exp duration [days]	6 Exp	7 ID (Snail)	8 Treat (yes=in the presence of cue fr...)	9 n [#] (Out of water)	10 n [#] (In water)	11 Proportion of time (of time out of water)	12 l [mm] (path)	13 Shape (path)	14 pH (total scale, baseline pH leve...)	15 pH std e [±] (total scale, baseline pH leve...)	16 AT [µmol/kg] (baseline pH level, Potentiome...)	17 AT std e [±] (baseline pH level, Potentiome...)	18 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	19 pCO2water_SST_wet std e [±] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	20 Sal (baseline pH level)	21 Sal std e [±] (baseline pH level)	22 Temp [°C] (baseline pH level)	23 T std e [±] (baseline pH level)	24 pH (total scale, reduced pH level...)	25 pH std e [±] (total scale, reduced pH level...)	26 AT [µmol/kg] (reduced pH level, Potentiomet...)	27 AT std e [±] (reduced pH level, Potentiomet...)	28 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	29 pCO2water_SST_wet std e [±] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	30 Sal (reduced pH level)	31 Sal std e [±] (reduced pH level)	32 Temp [°C] (reduced pH level)	33 T std e [±] (reduced pH level)	34 CSC flag (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	35 CO2 [µmol/kg] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	36 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	37 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	38 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	39 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	40 DIC [µmol/kg] (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	41 Omega Arg (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	42 Omega Cal (baseline pH level, Calculated...)	43 CO2 [µmol/kg] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	44 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	45 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	46 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	47 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	48 DIC [µmol/kg] (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	49 Omega Arg (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)	50 Omega Cal (reduced pH level, Calculated ...)
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	1	Yes	11	0	1.00		1.88	7.99	0.04	2229.2	7.6	400.0	22.4	32.98	0.06	12.6	0.1											8.00	18.51	453.50	455.20	1927.01	121.63	2067.15	1.87	2.93
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	2	Yes	10	1	0.91		1.1	7.96	0.02	2235.2	7.5	496.6	19.9	33.01	0.08	12.6	0.1											8.00	20.06	491.62	493.46	1949.75	114.94	2084.75	1.77	2.77
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	3	Yes	10	1	0.91		1.21	7.86	0.02	2234.1	9.4	626.9	30.8	33.03	0.08	12.6	0.1											8.00	25.92	635.19	637.57	2001.17	93.75	2120.84	1.44	2.26
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	4	Yes	11	0	1.00		1.13	7.74	0.02	2235.6	2.8	865.5	42.9	33.02	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	35.07	859.59	862.81	2054.26	72.99	2162.32	1.12	1.76
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	5	Yes	0	11	0.00		2.19	7.62	0.01	2233.5	6.0	1165.8	49.1	33.03	0.08	12.6	0.1											8.00	47.11	1154.63	1158.95	2093.25	56.43	2196.79	0.87	1.36
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	6	Yes	10	1	0.91		1.13	7.49	0.02	2242.1	4.5	1595.9	60.7	33.03	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	64.85	1589.43	1595.38	2136.09	42.69	2243.62	0.66	1.03
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	7	Yes	10	1	0.91		1.26	7.36	0.02	2234.0	8.5	2205.4	92.9	33.03	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	88.24	2162.75	2170.85	2154.69	31.92	2274.84	0.49	0.77
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	8	Yes	2	9	0.18		2.45	7.24	0.02	2240.3	3.8	2930.0	107.3	33.03	0.07	12.5	0.1											8.00	117.96	2882.12	2892.94	2179.72	24.40	2322.08	0.37	0.59
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	9	Yes	7	4	0.64		1	7.15	0.01	2236.6	5.6	3556.7	150.6	33.03	0.07	12.5	0.1											8.00	145.62	3557.96	3571.33	2187.21	19.90	2352.73	0.31	0.48
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	10	Yes	10	1	0.91		1.23	7.04	0.01	2233.4	6.5	4653.6	127.7	33.03	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	187.79	4602.78	4620.07	2194.82	15.56	2398.17	0.24	0.38
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	11	Yes	4	7	0.36		1.51	6.91	0.01	2234.7	4.9	6268.0	160.0	33.03	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	254.61	6240.71	6264.19	2206.03	11.60	2472.24	0.18	0.28
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	12	Yes	8	3	0.73		1.13	6.78	0.01	2229.0	8.2	8583.8	103.2	33.04	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	342.86	8430.73	8462.49	2207.74	8.64	2559.23	0.13	0.21
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	13	Yes	1	10	0.09		2.29	6.65	0.01	2229.1	5.1	11572.0	252.4	33.04	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	464.84	11394.26	11437.37	2213.50	6.40	2684.74	0.10	0.15
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	14	Yes	3	8	0.27		1.23	6.54	0.01	2234.9	4.6	14897.9	543.3	33.04	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	601.38	14741.02	14796.99	2222.90	4.99	2829.27	0.08	0.12
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	15	Yes	0	11	0.00		1	6.42	0.01	2236.1	3.8	19771.4	516.0	33.04	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	792.36	19483.69	19557.95	2227.17	3.80	3023.33	0.06	0.09
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	16	Yes	0	11	0.00		1.48	6.29	0.01	2238.9	2.7	26773.7	638.3	33.04	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	1071.46	26346.69	26447.83	2232.59	2.83	3306.87	0.04	0.07
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	17	No	0	11	0.00	722.8	4.38	7.99	0.04	2228.8	6.1	422.9	31.5	32.98	0.06	12.7	0.1											8.00	18.45	453.51	455.21	1925.68	122.02	2066.15	1.88	2.94
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	18	No	0	11	0.00	631.1	4.37	7.96	0.02	2238.2	11.0	476.4	11.8	33.03	0.08	12.7	0.1											8.00	20.02	492.34	494.18	1951.36	115.53	2086.92	1.78	2.79
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	19	No	0	11	0.00	498.2	3.83	7.86	0.02	2234.8	6.4	638.4	23.5	33.02	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	25.85	635.64	638.02	2001.09	94.09	2121.03	1.45	2.27
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	20	No	2	9	0.18	716.3	3.31	7.73	0.02	2243.6	5.1	883.4	41.4	33.02	0.07	12.8	0.1											8.00	35.89	885.18	888.48	2064.31	72.23	2172.43	1.11	1.74
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	21	No	0	11	0.00	1388.6	10.99	7.62	0.01	2240.5	7.0	1176.3	39.2	33.02	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	47.14	1158.91	1163.24	2099.44	56.80	2203.37	0.87	1.37
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	22	No	0	11	0.00	1146.6	6.7	7.50	0.02	2242.3	5.6	1559.9	60.6	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	63.14	1552.51	1558.31	2133.54	43.80	2240.48	0.67	1.06
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	23	No	0	11	0.00	190.2	1.45	7.37	0.02	2234.8	8.1	2080.7	108.5	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	85.97	2113.76	2121.66	2153.39	32.77	2272.13	0.50	0.79
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	24	No	0	11	0.00	949.7	6.94	7.27	0.03	2238.5	5.3	2711.7	171.7	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	109.22	2685.64	2695.69	2173.28	26.27	2308.77	0.40	0.63
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	25	No	0	11	0.00	960.0	5.37	7.16	0.02	2237.4	4.2	3559.1	134.9	33.03	0.07	12.6	0.1											8.00	141.92	3478.62	3491.67	2186.68	20.44	2349.04	0.31	0.49
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	26	No	0	11	0.00	123.6	1	7.04	0.02	2238.5	4.6	4665.2	236.3	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	187.75	4616.33	4633.65	2199.70	15.66	2403.11	0.24	0.38
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	27	No	0	11	0.00	600.4	4.36	6.91	0.01	2233.6	6.3	6286.9	107.3	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	253.85	6241.79	6265.24	2204.84	11.63	2470.32	0.18	0.28
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	28	No	5	6	0.45	704.9	2.54	6.80	0.01	2234.6	6.6	8143.6	117.2	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	328.13	8068.14	8098.52	2212.29	9.06	2549.48	0.14	0.22
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	29	No	0	11	0.00	295.0	2.4	6.67	0.01	2236.4	8.4	11155.3	128.1	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	444.17	10921.27	10962.52	2219.94	6.74	2670.84	0.10	0.16
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	30	No	0	11	0.00	790.9	5.11	6.54	0.01	2241.3	6.6	15092.9	427.8	33.04	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	601.62	14793.53	14849.64	2229.23	5.02	2835.86	0.08	0.12
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	31	No	0	11	0.00	809.7	6.4	6.42	0.01	2245.0	12.7	19902.2	763.3	33.03	0.06	12.7	0.1											8.00	795.58	19561.97	19636.53	2236.04	3.82	3035.44	0.06	0.09
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Constant pH	32	No	0	11	0.00	651.3	5.29	6.31	0.01	2244.6	9.5	25859.0	830.0	33.03	0.07	12.7	0.1											8.00	1025.77	25221.76	25318.47	2237.91	2.97	3266.65	0.05	0.07
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	33	Yes	9	2	0.82		1.53	7.92	0.03	2219.2	3.1	544.4	48.9	33.47	0.04	10.9	0.1	7.15	0.03	2242.0	22.8	3578.9	211.9	33.45	0.03	11.7	0.2	8.00	23.08	536.92	538.97	1969.00	100.16	2092.23	1.53	2.41	148.39	3542.65	3556.10	2193.39	19.54	2361.32	0.30	0.47
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	34	Yes	11	0	1.00		1.06	7.85	0.02	2218.6	3.4	646.7	38.8	33.46	0.05	11.0	0.1	7.06	0.02	2245.9	23.0	4364.9	243.4	33.44	0.03	11.7	0.3	8.00	27.49	641.67	644.12	2001.34	86.97	2115.80	1.33	2.09	183.64	4384.05	4400.70	2206.22	15.97	2405.83	0.24	0.38
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	35	Yes	3	11	0.27		3.93	7.78	0.02	2216.4	6.0	777.7	46.5	33.46	0.04	11.0	0.1	6.99	0.02	2244.0	20.9	5160.9	225.7	33.45	0.04	11.6	0.2	8.00	32.74	764.27	767.19	2028.87	75.04	2136.66	1.15	1.80	216.68	5156.47	5176.10	2210.31	13.57	2440.56	0.21	0.33
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	36	Yes	6	5	0.55		1.65	7.71	0.03	2221.0	4.9	933.0	76.5	33.46	0.05	10.9	0.1	6.93	0.02	2245.0	18.3	5971.2	256.2	33.45	0.04	11.7	0.2	8.00	39.15	910.88	914.37	2059.63	64.59	2163.36	0.99	1.55	248.75	5938.67	5961.26	2215.52	11.89	2476.16	0.18	0.29
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	37	Yes	5	6	0.45		2.2	7.64	0.03	2218.7	4.4	1111.5	85.0	33.45	0.05	11.1	0.1	6.87	0.02	2237.3	23.7	6882.7	264.6	33.45	0.03	11.7	0.2	8.00	46.20	1081.88	1086.00	2079.01	55.91	2181.12	0.85	1.34	285.11	6806.73	6832.66	2211.70	10.34	2507.14	0.16	0.25
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	38	Yes	2	9	0.18		2.45	7.55	0.04	2220.7	4.6	1391.5	114.5	33.46	0.05	10.9	0.1	6.80	0.02	2230.1	25.6	7934.9	283.0	33.44	0.04	11.7	0.2	8.00	57.88	1346.59	1351.74	2106.50	45.70	2210.08	0.70	1.10	334.50	7985.52	8015.97	2208.39	8.79	2551.68	0.13	0.21
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	39	Yes	0	11	0.00		1.02	7.49	0.03	2223.3	5.5	1607.6	123.9	33.45	0.05	11.0	0.1	6.75	0.02	2235.0	21.8	9111.2	342.1	33.44	0.03	11.7	0.2	8.00	66.80	1559.20	1565.16	2122.75	40.26	2229.80	0.62	0.97	376.55	8989.33	9023.65	2215.65	7.86	2600.05	0.12	0.19
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	40	Yes	0	11	0.00		1.02	7.38	0.03	2217.8	5.2	2102.9	155.3	33.46	0.04	10.9	0.1	6.68	0.01	2237.3	17.9	10633.3	203.7	33.44	0.03	11.7	0.2	8.00	86.94	2022.84	2030.58	2139.38	31.38	2257.70	0.48	0.75	443.45	10586.45	10626.93	2220.87	6.70	2671.02	0.10	0.16
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	41	Yes	0	11	0.00		1.19	7.29	0.03	2223.2	5.2	2595.1	206.6	33.46	0.05	11.0	0.1	6.60	0.01	2235.7	16.9	12634.7	262.7	33.45	0.04	11.7	0.2	8.00	107.66	2512.93	2522.55	2158.69	25.84	2292.18	0.39	0.62	533.40	12734.51	12783.32	2222.13	5.58	2761.11	0.09	0.13
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	42	Yes	0	11	0.00		1.39	7.21	0.03	2224.4	3.8	3176.9	256.5	33.47	0.05	10.9	0.1	6.54	0.01	2236.7	14.2	14778.0	297.0	33.44	0.04	11.8	0.2	8.00	130.47	3035.65	3047.29	2170.66	21.53	2322.66	0.33	0.52	611.72	14650.58	14706.78	2224.92	4.88	2841.53	0.07	0.12
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	43	No	0	11	0.00	108.4	1.05	7.93	0.03	2220.2	4.0	542.6	48.1	33.45	0.05	11.1	0.1	7.12	0.02	2241.9	21.0	3831.1	154.5	33.44	0.04	11.6	0.2	8.00	22.37	523.94	525.94	1963.17	102.94	2088.49	1.57	2.48	159.65	3799.06	3813.50	2196.66	18.19	2374.50	0.28	0.44
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	44	No	0	11	0.00	1360.8	9.76	7.86	0.03	2219.8	2.5	641.7	42.3	33.45	0.05	10.9	0.1	7.06	0.02	2241.0	22.2	4377.1	214.9	33.46	0.03	11.6	0.2	8.00	26.90	625.80	628.19	1998.70	88.51	2114.11	1.35	2.13	183.67	4371.26	4387.89	2201.51	15.88	2401.07	0.24	0.38
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	45	No	0	11	0.00	265.5	2.38	7.79	0.03	2217.8	4.6	766.1	49.5	33.46	0.05	11.0	0.1	6.99	0.02	2239.7	20.0	5128.4	239.8	33.45	0.04	11.6	0.2	8.00	31.96	745.88	748.73	2026.19	76.69	2134.83	1.17	1.84	216.26	5146.56	5166.15	2206.06	13.54	2435.87	0.21	0.33
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	46	No	0	11	0.00	280.3	2.24	7.72	0.03	2220.7	4.7	913.1	69.0	33.46	0.04	10.9	0.1	6.92	0.02	2231.6	28.0	6084.1	224.6	33.44	0.04	11.6	0.2	8.00	38.19	888.52	891.92	2055.87	65.97	2160.03	1.01	1.59	253.76	6038.59	6061.60	2203.04	11.51	2468.31	0.18	0.28
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	47	No	0	11	0.00	426.3	3.65	7.64	0.03	2224.4	3.2	1101.3	72.3	33.47	0.05	11.0	0.1	6.86	0.01	2226.2	29.9	6917.8	124.0	33.45	0.03	11.6	0.2	8.00	46.44	1084.05	1088.19	2084.84	55.88	2187.15	0.85	1.34	291.11	6927.76	6954.18	2201.37	10.02	2502.50	0.15	0.24
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	48	No	2	9	0.18	657.3	4.36	7.56	0.03	2220.5	4.2	1350.4	95.5	33.45	0.05	11.0	0.1	6.80	0.01	2237.9	24.1	7969.6	222.7	33.44	0.03	11.7	0.2	8.00	56.34	1315.00	1320.03	2103.40	46.87	2206.61	0.72	1.13	335.67	8013.50	8044.06	2216.13	8.82	2560.62	0.13	0.21
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	49	No	0	11	0.00	128.2	1.46	7.48	0.04	2221.7	4.8	1689.1	199.7	33.47	0.05	11.0	0.1	6.73	0.02	2229.2	20.5	9327.9	341.5	33.45	0.04	11.6	0.2	8.00	68.37	1595.87	1601.97	2123.34	39.37	2231.08	0.60	0.95	394.39	9385.46	9421.35	2210.84	7.46	2612.68	0.11	0.18
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	50	No	0	11	0.00	298.3	3.68	7.38	0.04	2222.7	5.1	2093.6	187.0	33.45	0.05	11.1	0.1	6.68	0.01	2238.9	17.4	10716.8	283.4	33.45	0.04	11.7	0.2	8.00	86.69	2029.85	2037.60	2143.59	31.68	2261.95	0.48	0.76	443.73	10593.67	10634.19	2222.46	6.71	2672.89	0.10	0.16
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	51	No	0	11	0.00	75.4	1.07	7.29	0.04	2223.3	4.9	2631.5	227.2	33.47	0.04	11.0	0.1	6.61	0.01	2243.2	13.1	12509.9	319.3	33.45	0.04	11.7	0.2	8.00	107.65	2512.95	2522.56	2158.77	25.84	2292.27	0.39	0.62	522.93	12484.58	12532.42	2229.26	5.73	2757.92	0.09	0.14
laboratory	Tegula funebralis (mollusk)	534190	marinespecies.org	5	Fluctuating pH	52	No	0	11	0.00	37.1	1.16	7.18	0.03	2224.8	4.8	3250.1	261.9	33.46	0.05	11.1	0.1	6.54	0.01	2241.2	14.4	14822.7	327.5	33.44	0.04	11.7	0.2	8.00	139.34	3262.95	3275.42	2174.21	20.28	2333.83	0.31	0.49	614.49	14669.78	14726.13	2229.44	4.87	2848.81	0.07	0.12