Citation:

s00227-016-3039-z

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and germling growth rate, and male and female gametophyte sizes of kelps Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida in laboratory experiment
Published: 2017-05-22
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Macrocystis pyrifera; Ochrophyta; Reproduction; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Undaria pinnatifida

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Abstract:

Anthropogenic atmospheric emissions of CO2 are responsible for simultaneous ocean warming (OW) and ocean acidification (OA). These global events can have important impacts on marine fleshy macroalgae and coastal ecosystems. To understand the effects of OW and OA on the early life history stages of native (Macrocystis pyrifera) and invasive (Undaria pinnatifida) macroalgae, a multi-factorial experiment was performed to determine the independent and interactive effects of the drivers and the corresponding species-specific responses. Meiospores of M. pyrifera and U. pinnatifida were separately exposed to a 4 * 2 factorial design of seawater pH (pHT 7.20, extreme OA predicted for 2300; pHT 7.65, OA predicted for 2100; pHT 8.03, ambient pH; and pHT 8.40, pre-industrial pH) and temperature (12 °C, seasonal average temperature; and 16 °C, OW predicted for 2100). Over 15 days, different physiological parameters (i.e. meiospore germination, germling growth rate, gametophyte development and sex ratio) were measured. Reduced seawater pH and elevated temperature had independent and significant effects on developmental processes (germling growth rate, and male and female gametophyte sizes were independently greater under OA and OW conditions), but the interaction of the abiotic factors had no effect on any stage of meiospore development of either species. Despite some small differences between species (e.g. sex ratio), results of this experiment suggest that microscopic stages of the native M. pyrifera and the invasive U. pinnatifida will respond similarly to OA and OW.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Macrocystis pyrifera; Ochrophyta; Reproduction; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Undaria pinnatifida

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Proye, Aurélien; Soetaert, Karline; Rae, James (2016): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: -45.797500 * Longitude: 170.644170

Date/Time Start: 2014-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2014-05-31T00:00:00

Event(s):

Hamilton_Bay * Latitude: -45.797500 * Longitude: 170.644170 * Date/Time Start: 2014-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2014-05-31T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2017-05-17.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Leal, Pablo P		study
2	Species	Species		Leal, Pablo P
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Leal, Pablo P
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Leal, Pablo P		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Experiment duration	Exp duration	days	Leal, Pablo P
6	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Leal, Pablo P
7	Treatment	Treat		Leal, Pablo P
8	Germination rate	Germ rate	%	Leal, Pablo P		Meiospore
9	Germination rate, standard deviation	Germ rate std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P		Meiospore
10	Growth rate	µ	%/day	Leal, Pablo P		Germling
11	Growth rate, standard deviation	µ std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P		Germling
12	Gametophyte size	Gametophyte size	µm²	Leal, Pablo P		male
13	Gametophyte size, standard deviation	Gametophyte size std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P		male
14	Gametophyte size	Gametophyte size	µm²	Leal, Pablo P		female
15	Gametophyte size, standard deviation	Gametophyte size std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P		female
16	Ratio	Ratio		Leal, Pablo P		sex
17	Ratio, standard deviation	Ratio std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P		sex
18	Salinity	Sal		Leal, Pablo P
19	pH	pH		Leal, Pablo P		total scale
20	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P		total scale
21	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Leal, Pablo P
22	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P
23	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Leal, Pablo P
24	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P
25	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Leal, Pablo P
26	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P
27	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Leal, Pablo P
28	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P
29	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Leal, Pablo P
30	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P
31	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Leal, Pablo P
32	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Leal, Pablo P
33	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/l	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

656 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (study)	2 Species	3 Reg spec no	4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID)	5 Exp duration [days]	6 Temp [°C]	7 Treat	8 Germ rate [%] (Meiospore)	9 Germ rate std dev [±] (Meiospore)	10 µ [%/day] (Germling)	11 µ std dev [±] (Germling)	12 Gametophyte size [µm²] (male)	13 Gametophyte size std dev [±] (male)	14 Gametophyte size [µm²] (female)	15 Gametophyte size std dev [±] (female)	16 Ratio (sex)	17 Ratio std dev [±] (sex)	18 Sal	19 pH (total scale)	20 pH std dev [±] (total scale)	21 DIC [µmol/kg]	22 DIC std dev [±]	23 AT [µmol/kg]	24 AT std dev [±]	25 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	26 [HCO3]- std dev [±]	27 CO2 [µmol/kg]	28 CO2 std dev [±]	29 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	30 [CO3]2- std dev [±]	31 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	32 pCO2 std dev [±]	33 CSC flag	34 DIC [µmol/l]	35 CO2 [µmol/kg]	36 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	37 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	38 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	39 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	40 Omega Arg	41 Omega Cal
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=7.2	92.43	3.97	31.83	1.90	695.56	79.48	504.21	73.94	0.52	0.074505995	35	7.20	0.005	2327.09	7.05	2233.36	6.73	2175.18	6.59	128.74	0.39	23.17	0.07	3160.42	9.59	15	7.20	128.14	3116.26	3128.03	2176.06	22.89	0.35	0.55
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=7.65	96.33	3.16	35.74	3.02	915.76	86.25	601.32	68.80	0.55	0.089444389	35	7.65	0.005	2177.46	8.24	2226.84	8.31	2071.91	7.84	43.92	0.16	61.62	0.24	1078.29	4.04	15	7.65	43.29	1052.74	1056.71	2072.70	61.47	0.93	1.46
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=8.03	92.33	3.04	31.93	2.50	571.96	114.04	484.41	57.92	0.57	0.163128030	35	8.03	0.026	2060.68	4.50	2234.29	4.74	1915.59	4.18	18.24	0.04	126.86	0.28	447.70	0.97	15	8.00	17.87	434.46	436.10	1915.59	127.22	1.93	3.03
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=8.4	95.33	2.54	31.95	3.09	518.83	88.76	480.94	89.14	0.49	0.079765509	35	8.39	0.004	2190.37	16.64	2628.07	18.96	1872.45	14.21	7.11	0.05	310.81	2.37	174.60	1.32	15	8.40	6.94	168.89	169.53	1871.17	312.26	4.75	7.44
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=7.2	98.29	1.91	33.15	3.48	726.41	189.42	908.62	71.98	0.48	0.119235583	35	7.20	0.005	2327.09	7.05	2233.36	6.73	2175.18	6.59	128.74	0.39	23.17	0.07	3160.42	9.59	15	7.20	128.14	3116.26	3128.03	2176.06	22.89	0.35	0.55
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=7.65	97.62	2.30	30.93	3.27	646.42	168.67	720.85	95.78	0.45	0.068055540	35	7.65	0.005	2177.46	8.24	2226.84	8.31	2071.91	7.84	43.92	0.16	61.62	0.24	1078.29	4.04	15	7.65	43.29	1052.74	1056.71	2072.70	61.47	0.93	1.46
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=8.03	95.10	3.55	30.92	3.46	522.92	102.49	715.39	89.05	0.50	0.063613370	35	8.03	0.026	2060.68	4.50	2234.29	4.74	1915.59	4.18	18.24	0.04	126.86	0.28	447.70	0.97	15	8.00	17.87	434.46	436.10	1915.59	127.22	1.93	3.03
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	12	pH=8.4	94.33	4.53	28.95	1.69	518.83	88.76	654.43	153.80	0.51	0.158133880	35	8.39	0.004	2190.37	16.64	2628.07	18.96	1872.45	14.21	7.11	0.05	310.81	2.37	174.60	1.32	15	8.40	6.94	168.89	169.53	1871.17	312.26	4.75	7.44
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=7.2	90.90	2.11	38.17	3.67	847.60	191.02	794.64	131.16	0.61	0.085391349	35	7.20	0.004	2259.27	8.15	2184.77	7.84	2122.11	7.66	112.23	0.40	24.92	0.09	2739.61	9.86	15	7.20	113.49	3121.97	3133.18	2119.77	26.01	0.40	0.62
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=7.65	95.48	3.75	36.76	2.36	905.15	142.01	728.39	205.59	0.53	0.129345355	35	7.65	0.004	2146.41	9.32	2213.21	9.46	2039.90	8.86	37.41	0.16	69.09	0.30	913.19	4.00	15	7.65	38.67	1063.74	1067.55	2037.23	70.51	1.08	1.68
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=8.03	95.00	2.07	37.18	2.06	949.53	206.47	768.35	168.54	0.51	0.048905349	35	8.03	0.007	2028.64	11.61	2229.03	12.35	1870.14	10.70	15.16	0.09	143.34	0.83	369.97	2.10	15	8.00	15.83	435.49	437.05	1868.01	144.80	2.22	3.45
laboratory	Macrocystis pyrifera (macroalga)	232231	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=8.4	93.38	2.39	36.11	2.49	781.32	217.54	569.96	57.10	0.49	0.074519285	35	8.39	0.004	2178.82	34.49	2671.80	40.01	1820.33	28.80	5.84	0.09	352.66	5.60	142.47	2.24	15	8.40	6.13	168.69	169.30	1818.44	354.24	5.44	8.45
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=7.2	95.90	3.52	38.73	5.32	777.73	235.57	931.46	53.32	0.46	0.043821216	35	7.20	0.004	2259.27	8.15	2184.77	7.84	2122.11	7.66	112.23	0.40	24.92	0.09	2739.61	9.86	15	7.20	113.49	3121.97	3133.18	2119.77	26.01	0.40	0.62
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=7.65	96.05	1.79	37.54	4.11	567.52	211.19	744.94	121.97	0.64	0.102596186	35	7.65	0.004	2146.41	9.32	2213.21	9.46	2039.90	8.86	37.41	0.16	69.09	0.30	913.19	4.00	15	7.65	38.67	1063.74	1067.55	2037.23	70.51	1.08	1.68
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=8.03	94.29	4.39	35.40	2.49	455.71	120.10	763.10	235.35	0.48	0.053221923	35	8.03	0.007	2028.64	11.61	2229.03	12.35	1870.14	10.70	15.16	0.09	143.34	0.83	369.97	2.10	15	8.00	15.83	435.49	437.05	1868.01	144.80	2.22	3.45
laboratory	Undaria pinnatifida (macroalga)	145721	marinespecies.org	15	16	pH=8.4	93.57	3.00	33.47	2.26	491.89	127.22	547.84	70.91	0.54	0.093460512	35	8.39	0.004	2178.82	34.49	2671.80	40.01	1820.33	28.80	5.84	0.09	352.66	5.60	142.47	2.24	15	8.40	6.13	168.69	169.30	1818.44	354.24	5.44	8.45