Citation:

s00300-016-2044-5

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and metabolic data of Arctic pteropods in lab experiment
Published: 2017-05-11
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arctic; Behaviour; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Limacina helicina; Limacina retroversa; Mollusca; Other metabolic rates; Pelagos; Polar; Respiration; Single species; Temperature; Zooplankton

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Abstract:

Thecosome pteropods are considered highly sensitive to ocean acidification. During the Arctic winter, increased solubility of CO2 in cold waters intensifies ocean acidification and food sources are limited. Ocean warming is also particularly pronounced in the Arctic. Here, we present the first data on metabolic rates of two pteropod species (Limacina helicina, Limacina retroversa) during the Arctic winter at 79°N (polar night/twilight phase). Routine oxygen consumption rates and the metabolic response [oxygen consumption (MO2), ammonia excretion (NH3), overall metabolic balance (O:N)] to elevated levels of pCO2 and temperature were examined. Our results suggest lower routine MO2 rates for both Limacina species in winter than in summer. In an 18-h experiment, both pCO2 and temperature affected MO2 of L. helicina and L. retroversa. After a 9-day experiment with L. helicina all three metabolic response variables were affected by the two factors with interactive effects in case of NH3 and O:N. The response resembled a “hormesis-type” pattern with up-regulation at intermediate pCO2 and the highest temperature level. For L. retroversa, NH3 excretion was affected by both factors and O:N only by temperature. No significant effects of pCO2 or temperature on MO2 were detected. Metabolic up-regulation will entail higher energetic costs that may not be covered during periods of food limitation such as the Arctic winter and compel pteropods to utilize storage compounds to a greater extent than usual. This may reduce the fitness and survival of overwintering pteropods and negatively impact their reproductive success in the following summer.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arctic; Behaviour; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Limacina helicina; Limacina retroversa; Mollusca; Other metabolic rates; Pelagos; Polar; Respiration; Single species; Temperature; Zooplankton

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Proye, Aurélien; Soetaert, Karline; Rae, James (2016): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification (BIOACID)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2017-05-10.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Lischka, Silke		study
2	Species	Species		Lischka, Silke
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Lischka, Silke
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Lischka, Silke		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Experiment	Exp		Lischka, Silke
6	Experiment duration	Exp duration	days	Lischka, Silke
7	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Lischka, Silke
8	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Lischka, Silke		treatment
9	Replicates	Repl	#	Lischka, Silke
10	Replicate	Repl		Lischka, Silke		number of organisms included per replicate
11	Dry mass	dm	µg	Lischka, Silke
12	Dry mass, standard deviation	Dry m std dev	±	Lischka, Silke
13	Oxygen consumption, per mass	MO2 con	µmol/g/h	Lischka, Silke
14	Oxygen consumption, standard deviation	O2 con std dev	±	Lischka, Silke
15	Ammonia excretion	NH3/[NH4]+ exc	µmol/g/h	Lischka, Silke
16	Ammonia excretion, standard deviation	NH3/[NH4]+ exc std dev	±	Lischka, Silke
17	Oxygen consumed/Nitrogen excreted ratio	O cons/N exc		Lischka, Silke
18	Oxygen consumed/nitrogen excreted ratio, standard deviation	O cons/N exc std dev	±	Lischka, Silke
19	Activity description	Activity		Lischka, Silke		activity scores
20	Diameter	Ø	µm	Lischka, Silke		shell size
21	Diameter, standard deviation	Ø std dev	±	Lischka, Silke		shell size
22	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Lischka, Silke		start
23	pH	pH		Lischka, Silke		total scale, start
24	pH	pH		Lischka, Silke		total scale, end
25	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Lischka, Silke		total scale, end
26	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Lischka, Silke		start
27	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Lischka, Silke		start
28	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Lischka, Silke		start
29	Salinity	Sal		Lischka, Silke
30	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1267 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (study)	2 Species	3 Reg spec no	4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID)	5 Exp	6 Exp duration [days]	7 Temp [°C]	8 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (treatment)	9 Repl [#]	10 Repl (number of organisms included ...)	11 dm [µg]	12 Dry m std dev [±]	13 MO2 con [µmol/g/h]	14 O2 con std dev [±]	15 NH3/[NH4]+ exc [µmol/g/h]	16 NH3/[NH4]+ exc std dev [±]	17 O cons/N exc	18 O cons/N exc std dev [±]	19 Activity (activity scores)	20 Ø [µm] (shell size)	21 Ø std dev [±] (shell size)	22 AT [µmol/kg] (start)	23 pH (total scale, start)	24 pH (total scale, end)	25 pH std dev [±] (total scale, end)	26 DIC [µmol/kg] (start)	27 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (start)	28 Omega Arg (start)	29 Sal	30 CSC flag	31 CO2 [µmol/kg]	32 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	33 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	34 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	35 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	36 DIC [µmol/kg]	37 Omega Arg	38 Omega Cal
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	2.3	180	3	3	490	91	10.51	5.44					I	947	96	2258	8.18	8.17	0.006	2078	274	1.93	34.3	8	15.62	270.12	271.28	1931.37	129.26	2076.24	1.95	3.10
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	2.3	350	3	3	476	140	7.72	2.89					I¨CIII	939	66	2283	8.01	8.02	0.012	2165	420	1.41	34.3	8	24.50	423.86	425.68	2048.97	92.71	2166.19	1.40	2.23
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	2.3	650	3	3	568	100	8.13	1.58					I	1036	110	2260	7.78	7.77	0.029	2215	736	0.86	34.3	8	43.00	743.77	746.96	2117.14	56.41	2216.54	0.85	1.35
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	2.3	880	3	3	497	104	4.70	0.44					I¨CIII	875	110	2267	7.66	7.62	0.015	2258	1002	0.66	34.3	8	57.74	998.78	1003.06	2156.64	43.59	2257.97	0.66	1.05
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	5.6	180	3	3	338	18	11.64	6.97					I	975	77	2261	8.17	8.19	0.006	2061	282	2.14	34.3	8	14.33	279.72	280.86	1903.36	142.28	2059.98	2.15	3.41
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	5.6	350	3	3	582	92	14.55	2.59					I¨CII	994	82	2299	8.02	8.05	0.015	2158	421	1.63	34.3	8	21.59	421.34	423.06	2029.69	107.42	2158.69	1.62	2.57
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	5.6	650	3	3	329	131	15.56	2.24					I¨CII	916	96	2270	7.75	7.77	0.024	2207	735	1.00	34.3	8	41.96	818.89	822.24	2118.48	60.21	2220.64	0.91	1.44
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	5.6	880	3	3	396	71	31.31	8.25					I¨CII	914	129	2301	7.64	7.65	0.012	2283	1081	0.73	34.3	8	55.63	1085.70	1090.15	2180.26	48.10	2283.99	0.73	1.15
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	6.8	180	3	3	485	108	27.35	16.98					I¨CII	981	46	2288	8.24	8.22	0.014	2041	235	2.60	34.3	8	11.53	234.76	235.70	1859.35	171.34	2042.23	2.59	4.10
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	6.8	350	3	3	440	452	26.17	18.38					I¨CIII	983	117	2306	8.09	8.06	0.006	2128	352	1.97	34.3	8	17.37	353.59	355.02	1982.63	129.35	2129.34	1.96	3.10
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	6.8	650	3	3	378	65	29.19	1.31					I¨CII	919	92	2294	7.84	7.79	0.020	2211	673	1.16	34.3	8	32.72	666.28	668.97	2100.89	77.07	2210.68	1.17	1.85
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	6.8	880	3	3	451	108	27.81	19.91					I¨CII	969	133	2313	7.70	7.65	0.015	2272	944	0.88	34.3	8	46.63	949.45	953.28	2168.77	57.64	2273.04	0.87	1.38
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	2.3	350	3	3	460	126	9.62	1.08					I¨CII	1033	124	2283	8.01	8.02	0.006	2165	420	1.41	34.3	8	24.50	423.86	425.68	2048.97	92.71	2166.19	1.40	2.23
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	2.3	650	3	3	683	244	6.42	1.59					I¨CII	1089	172	2260	7.78	7.76	0.010	2215	736	0.86	34.3	8	43.00	743.77	746.96	2117.14	56.41	2216.54	0.85	1.35
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	2.3	880	3	3	601	111	8.55	4.78					I¨CII	1061	118	2267	7.66	7.62	0.002	2258	1002	0.66	34.3	8	57.74	998.78	1003.06	2156.64	43.59	2257.97	0.66	1.05
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	5.6	350	3	3	431	63	17.87	1.04					I¨CII	975	143	2299	8.02	8.04	0.037	2158	421	1.63	34.3	8	21.59	421.34	423.06	2029.69	107.42	2158.69	1.62	2.57
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	5.6	650	3	3	642	261	14.24	4.35					I¨CII	1003	101	2270	7.79	7.80	0.016	2207	735	1.00	34.3	8	38.02	742.06	745.10	2104.94	65.60	2208.56	0.99	1.57
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	5.6	880	3	3	557	221	19.49	8.87					I¨CIII	1008	183	2301	7.64	7.69	0.014	2283	1081	0.73	34.3	8	55.63	1085.70	1090.15	2180.26	48.10	2283.99	0.73	1.15
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	6.8	350	3	3	529	51	25.72	9.94					I¨CIII	983	95	2306	8.09	8.07	0.014	2128	352	1.97	34.3	8	17.37	353.59	355.02	1982.63	129.35	2129.34	1.96	3.10
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	6.8	650	3	3	531	88	28.33	10.77					I¨CIII	969	79	2294	7.84	7.81	0.016	2211	673	1.16	34.3	8	32.72	666.28	668.97	2100.89	77.07	2210.68	1.17	1.85
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	A	0.75	6.8	880	3	3	705	47	16.63	4.26					I¨CII	950	119	2313	7.70	7.66	0.004	2272	944	0.88	34.3	8	46.63	949.45	953.28	2168.77	57.64	2273.04	0.87	1.38
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	2.3	389	3	4, 5, 4	552	155	15.01	3.08	2.41		65.20		I¨CIII	931	81	2299	8.02	8.02		2177	416	1.44	34.3	8	24.06	416.19	417.97	2058.75	95.33	2178.13	1.44	2.29
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	2.3	715	3	5, 5, 4	755	134	18.78	5.46	13.07	2.48	16.22	2.90	I¨CIII	973	65	2288	7.79	7.75		2243	745	0.87	34.3	8	42.48	734.89	738.04	2140.58	58.36	2241.43	0.88	1.40
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	2.3	967	3	5, 4, 5	606	52	18.10	5.05	6.81	1.98	27.36	6.34	I¨CII	927	105	2293	7.67	7.65		2282	995	0.67	34.3	8	57.01	986.24	990.46	2179.17	45.07	2281.25	0.68	1.08
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	5.6	389	3	4, 6, 3	680	332	14.98	4.85	8.48	1.69	37.52	19.36	I	969	97	2299	8.05	7.99		2147	392	1.72	34.3	8	19.98	389.96	391.55	2012.87	114.14	2146.99	1.73	2.73
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	5.6	715	3	4, 5, 4	687	141	16.20	3.38	4.75	2.78	45.11	21.49	I¨CIII	965	68	2270	7.80	7.65		2206	733	1.00	34.3	8	37.09	723.95	726.91	2101.39	67.01	2205.49	1.01	1.61
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	5.6	967	3	6, 5, 6	868	115	12.59	1.65	19.98	8.59	9.39	3.11	I	906	89	2301	7.65	7.54		2280	1061	0.74	34.3	8	54.29	1059.69	1064.03	2177.60	49.16	2281.06	0.74	1.18
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	6.8	389	3	5, 4, 4	565	116	14.36	2.84	80.28	5.90	1.59	0.07	I	915	113	2298	8.10	8.07		2118	346	1.98	34.3	8	16.86	343.19	344.57	1969.14	131.46	2117.45	1.99	3.15
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	6.8	715	3	5, 5, 4	625	70	27.96	2.59	20.97	4.66	16.16	3.78	I¨CIII	930	107	2308	7.85	7.79		2221	660	1.19	34.3	8	32.11	653.88	656.52	2109.80	79.20	2221.12	1.20	1.90
laboratory	Limacina helicina (zooplankton)	140223	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	6.8	967	3	4, 4, 3	460	122	19.79	2.77	107.75	37.93	2.11	0.38	I	914	77	2286	7.71	7.62		2243	914	0.89	34.3	8	44.97	915.54	919.23	2140.02	58.20	2243.18	0.88	1.39
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	2.3	389	3	4, 3, 3	472	46	16.15	2.28	10.70	6.29	32.30	15.01	I¨CIII	1064	145	2299	8.02	8.05		2177	416	1.44	34.3	8	24.06	416.19	417.97	2058.75	95.33	2178.13	1.44	2.29
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	2.3	967	2	2, 4	345	195	16.62	2.06	20.33	10.61	15.38	6.98	I¨CIII	925	89	2293	7.67	7.65		2282	995	0.67	34.3	8	57.01	986.24	990.46	2179.17	45.07	2281.25	0.68	1.08
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	5.6	389	3	5, 4, 2	616	245	16.88	4.61	30.46	21.60	9.96	7.24	I¨CII	1030	76	2299	8.05	8.00		2147	392	1.72	34.3	8	19.98	389.96	391.55	2012.87	114.14	2146.99	1.73	2.73
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	5.6	967	3	4, 4, 3	692	108	15.90	2.69	61.87	54.72	5.92	2.12	I¨CIII	1011	100	2301	7.65	7.58		2280	1061	0.74	34.3	8	54.29	1059.69	1064.03	2177.60	49.16	2281.06	0.74	1.18
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	6.8	389	3	3, 3, 3	528	105	9.91	6.10	180.14	90.40	1.01	0.25	I¨CIII	1014	174	2298	8.10	8.07		2118	346	1.98	34.3	8	16.86	343.19	344.57	1969.14	131.46	2117.45	1.99	3.15
laboratory	Limacina retroversa (zooplankton)	140227	marinespecies.org	B	9.00	6.8	967	3	5, 4, 4	588	179	11.01	2.31	159.94	67.86	1.28	0.23	I¨CIII	998	117	2286	7.71	7.67		2243	914	0.89	34.3	8	44.97	915.54	919.23	2140.02	58.20	2243.18	0.88	1.39