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Litt, Thomas; Ohlwein, Christian; Neumann, Frank Harald; Hense, Andreas; Stein, Mordechai (2012): Pollen record of sediment core Ein Gedi (DSEn), Dead Sea [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.874340, Supplement to: Litt, T et al. (2012): Holocene climate variability in the Levant from the Dead Sea pollen record. Quaternary Science Reviews, 49, 95-105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.06.012

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Abstract:
The Dead Sea, located at the deepest place on continent and between the subtropical Mediterranean zone and the desert, reflects in its water composition and levels, and sedimentary records the hydrological conditions in the southern Levant region. Temporal variations in rainfall and temperatures of the Holocene Levant are reconstructed here from pollen data recovered from a sediment core drilled at the Ein Gedi shore, applying a novel biome model based on Bayesian statistics. Our results suggest that the region was arid and warm in the early Holocene period (~10-6.5 ka cal BP), wetter and colder in the mid Holocene (6.3-3.3 ka cal BP), and drier and warmer in the late Holocene (~3.2 ka cal BP to present). These periods comprise multi-centennial climate cycles that are characterized by rapid changes in temperature and precipitation reflecting Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and atmospheric conditions over the Atlantic Ocean. The pollen record responds within a short time interval to the climate conditions and marks rapid shifts from Mediterranean to desert environmental conditions and back in the southern Levant region. We also evaluate our results in the light of possible disturbances of the natural vegetation, e.g. the possibility of forest decrease, since the Neolithic.
Coverage:
Latitude: 31.465280 * Longitude: 35.394170
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: -0.18 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 19.49 m
Event(s):
DSEn (Ein Gedi) * Latitude: 31.465280 * Longitude: 35.394170 * Elevation: -413.0 m * Location: Dead Sea Basin, Israel * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmLitt, ThomasGeocode
AGEAgeka BPLitt, ThomasGeocode
Quercus ithaburensis-typeQ. ithaburensis-T#Litt, Thomas
Quercus calliprinos-typeQ. calliprinos-T#Litt, Thomas
PistaciaPst#Litt, Thomas
CeratoniaCea#Litt, Thomas
OleaOle#Litt, Thomas
PhillyreaPhi#Litt, Thomas
ArbutusArb#Litt, Thomas
10 LaurusLau#Litt, Thomas
11 PinusPin#Litt, Thomas
12 CedrusCed#Litt, Thomas
13 CupressaceaeCupae#Litt, Thomas
14 PlatanusPlt#Litt, Thomas
15 CasuarinaCau#Litt, Thomas
16 JuglansJug#Litt, Thomas
17 FraxinusFrx#Litt, Thomas
18 OstryaOst#Litt, Thomas
19 CarpinusCar#Litt, Thomas
20 CorylusCor#Litt, Thomas
21 SambucusSam#Litt, Thomas
22 AlnusAln#Litt, Thomas
23 PrunusPrn#Litt, Thomas
24 PhoenixPhoenix#Litt, Thomas
25 TamarixTam#Litt, Thomas
26 ZizyphusZiz#Litt, Thomas
27 AcaciaAca#Litt, Thomas
28 SalixSal#Litt, Thomas
29 PopulusPop#Litt, Thomas
30 CrataegusCtg#Litt, Thomas
31 VitisVts#Litt, Thomas
32 Cerealia-typeCrl-T#Litt, Thomas
33 PoaceaePoac#Litt, Thomas
34 ArtemisiaArt#Litt, Thomas
35 EphedraEph#Litt, Thomas
36 ChenopodiaceaeCheae#Litt, Thomas
37 TubulifloraeTubae#Litt, Thomas
38 LigulifloraeLigae#Litt, Thomas
39 AsphodelusAph#Litt, Thomas
40 AnemoneAne#Litt, Thomas
41 SarcopoteriumSarco#Litt, Thomas
42 GeraniumGer#Litt, Thomas
43 Cistus-typeCis-T#Litt, Thomas
44 HelianthemumHel#Litt, Thomas
45 Cirsium-typeCir-T#Litt, Thomas
46 CentaureaCen#Litt, Thomas
47 KnautiaKna#Litt, Thomas
48 Herniaria-typeHrn-T#Litt, Thomas
49 MercurialisMer#Litt, Thomas
50 ZygophyllumZyg#Litt, Thomas
51 PlantagoPla#Litt, Thomas
52 Plantago coronopusPla.c#Litt, Thomas
53 Plantago lanceolata-typePla.l-T#Litt, Thomas
54 PolygonumPol#Litt, Thomas
55 RumexRum#Litt, Thomas
56 UrticaUrt#Litt, Thomas
57 HypericumHyp#Litt, Thomas
58 EchiumEch#Litt, Thomas
59 EuphorbiaEup#Litt, Thomas
60 Potentilla-typePti-T#Litt, Thomas
61 ScabiosaSca#Litt, Thomas
62 ThymelaeaThm#Litt, Thomas
63 XanthiumXan#Litt, Thomas
64 BrassicaceaeBraae#Litt, Thomas
65 ApiaceaeApiae#Litt, Thomas
66 CaryophyllaceaeCphae#Litt, Thomas
67 FabaceaeFabae#Litt, Thomas
68 LamiaceaeLamae#Litt, Thomas
69 RosaceaeRosae#Litt, Thomas
70 RanunculaceaeRanae#Litt, Thomas
71 ScrophulariaceaeScoae#Litt, Thomas
72 RubiaceaeRubae#Litt, Thomas
73 LiliaceaeLilae#Litt, Thomas
74 PapaveraceaePapae#Litt, Thomas
75 Typha angustifolia-typeTyp.a-T#Litt, Thomas
76 Typha latifoliaTyp.l#Litt, Thomas
77 CyperaceaeCypae#Litt, Thomas
78 SymphytumSym#Litt, Thomas
79 Mentha-typeMen-T#Litt, Thomas
80 PolypodiaceaePocae#Litt, Thomas
81 VariaVaria#Litt, Thomas
82 LycopodiumLyc#Litt, Thomas
Size:
4640 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Depth sed [m]

Age [ka BP]

Q. ithaburensis-T [#]

Q. calliprinos-T [#]

Pst [#]

Cea [#]

Ole [#]

Phi [#]

Arb [#]
10 
Lau [#]
11 
Pin [#]
12 
Ced [#]
13 
Cupae [#]
14 
Plt [#]
15 
Cau [#]
16 
Jug [#]
17 
Frx [#]
18 
Ost [#]
19 
Car [#]
20 
Cor [#]
21 
Sam [#]
22 
Aln [#]
23 
Prn [#]
24 
Phoenix [#]
25 
Tam [#]
26 
Ziz [#]
27 
Aca [#]
28 
Sal [#]
29 
Pop [#]
30 
Ctg [#]
31 
Vts [#]
32 
Crl-T [#]
33 
Poac [#]
34 
Art [#]
35 
Eph [#]
36 
Cheae [#]
37 
Tubae [#]
38 
Ligae [#]
39 
Aph [#]
40 
Ane [#]
41 
Sarco [#]
42 
Ger [#]
43 
Cis-T [#]
44 
Hel [#]
45 
Cir-T [#]
46 
Cen [#]
47 
Kna [#]
48 
Hrn-T [#]
49 
Mer [#]
50 
Zyg [#]
51 
Pla [#]
52 
Pla.c [#]
53 
Pla.l-T [#]
54 
Pol [#]
55 
Rum [#]
56 
Urt [#]
57 
Hyp [#]
58 
Ech [#]
59 
Eup [#]
60 
Pti-T [#]
61 
Sca [#]
62 
Thm [#]
63 
Xan [#]
64 
Braae [#]
65 
Apiae [#]
66 
Cphae [#]
67 
Fabae [#]
68 
Lamae [#]
69 
Rosae [#]
70 
Ranae [#]
71 
Scoae [#]
72 
Rubae [#]
73 
Lilae [#]
74 
Papae [#]
75 
Typ.a-T [#]
76 
Typ.l [#]
77 
Cypae [#]
78 
Sym [#]
79 
Men-T [#]
80 
Pocae [#]
81 
Varia [#]
82 
Lyc [#]
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14.437.41570000000000000000000001010000325103157651310000000110003000210000000154700100000001300019286
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15.937.750173501000100000000000002000000641136247536500010101101015000101010000023532030201000110003155
16.407.86031230200030000000000000201100065811112455210300000002000010000800000000251130031100000110100283
16.738.080167502000200000000000000000000460132020543440021000511011202031000000016431091000000100013245
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19.499.880421080000000100001000000300000020704221952119000000050500120009200000001282101130200002000017