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Asaah, Asobo N E; Yokoyama, Tetsuya; Aka, Festus T; Usui, Tomohiro; Kuritani, Takeshi; Wirmvem, Mengnjo J; Iwamori, Hikaru; Fozing, Eric M; Tamen, Jules; Mofor, Gilbert Z; Ohba, Takeshi; Tanyileke, Gregory; Hell, Joseph Victor (2017): Major elements, trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes form lavas of lakes Nyos, Wum, Elum and Oku sampled in the Oku Volcanic Group of the Cameroon Volcanic Line [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.874334

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Published: 2017-04-06DOI registered: 2017-06-05

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Abstract:
Lake Nyos is located at the summit of a stratovolcano in the Oku Volcanic Group (OVG) along the Cameroon Volcanic Line. The sudden release of magmatic CO2 trapped at the bottom of Lake Nyos in August 1986 caused historical casualties of 1750 people and over 3000 cattle. New geochemical data of volcanic rocks from the Nyos volcano and the first available data for volcanic rocks from other maar-bearing volcanoes (Lakes Elum, Wum and Oku) in the OVG are presented and compared. Lavas from the Nyos, Elum and Wum volcanoes show similarities in major and trace elements and Sr?Nd?Pb isotopes, suggestive of a similar mantle source. However, this source is slightly different from that of the Oku volcano. The samples from Lake Oku have lower alkali, higher TiO2 and more depletion and enrichment in most incompatible trace elements than those from the Nyos, Elum and Wum volcanoes. These differences and those observed in the Sr?Nd?Pb results are consistent with a heterogeneous source for lavas in the OVG. Trace element compositions suggested the presence of garnet in the source (< 6% garnet) and modelled melting results indicate < 2% partial melting of the source material. Isotope data plot within the focal zone, extending towards enriched mantle 1 (EM1; e.g. Lakes Oku and Nyos samples). This indicates the involvement of at least three mantle components: depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle, high-µ and EM1 components in the magmatism of the lavas studied. The contributions of these components in different proportions, originating from asthenospheric and subcontinental lithospheric mantle sources, can account for the observed variations in geochemical characteristics. The geochemical characteristics of the studied lavas indicate that the magma source need not necessarily have an abnormal CO2 concentration to pose a potential threat. Degassing of an ordinary magma chamber and the migration of gas to the bottom of the lakes through cracks and faults can lead to the accumulation of CO2 in lake bottoms. This is controlled by tectonic parameters (fractures and faults) that enhance degassing from the magma chamber to the lake bottom and physical parameters of the lake (e.g. size, depth, temperature and solubility) that control CO2 stability.
Related to:
Asaah, Asobo N E; Yokoyama, Tetsuya; Aka, Festus T; Usui, Tomohiro; Kuritani, Takeshi; Wirmvem, Mengnjo J; Iwamori, Hikaru; Fozing, Eric M; Tamen, Jules; Mofor, Gilbert Z; Ohba, Takeshi; Tanyileke, Gregory; Hell, Joseph Victor (2015): Geochemistry of lavas from maar-bearing volcanoes in the Oku Volcanic Group of the Cameroon Volcanic Line. Chemical Geology, 406, 55-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.03.030
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 6.345606 * Median Longitude: 10.322673 * South-bound Latitude: 6.192778 * West-bound Longitude: 10.206900 * North-bound Latitude: 6.445050 * East-bound Longitude: 10.453889
Event(s):
OVG_Lake_Elum  * Latitude: 6.333333 * Longitude: 10.333333 * Location: Cameroon * Method/Device: Sampling by hand (HAND) * Comment: Position is estimated from map.
OVG_Lake_Nyos  * Latitude: 6.445050 * Longitude: 10.296570 * Location: Cameroon * Method/Device: Sampling by hand (HAND) * Comment: Position is estimated from map.
OVG_Lake_Oku  * Latitude: 6.192778 * Longitude: 10.453889 * Location: Cameroon * Method/Device: Sampling by hand (HAND) * Comment: Position is estimated from map.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Event labelEventAsaah, Asobo N E
Latitude of eventLatitudeAsaah, Asobo N E
Longitude of eventLongitudeAsaah, Asobo N E
Sample IDSample IDAsaah, Asobo N E
Silicon dioxideSiO2%Asaah, Asobo N E
Titanium dioxideTiO2%Asaah, Asobo N E
Aluminium oxideAl2O3%Asaah, Asobo N E
Iron oxide, Fe2O3Fe2O3%Asaah, Asobo N E
Manganese oxideMnO%Asaah, Asobo N E
10 Magnesium oxideMgO%Asaah, Asobo N E
11 Calcium oxideCaO%Asaah, Asobo N E
12 Sodium oxideNa2O%Asaah, Asobo N E
13 Potassium oxideK2O%Asaah, Asobo N E
14 Phosphorus pentoxideP2O5%Asaah, Asobo N E
15 Loss on ignitionLOI%Asaah, Asobo N E
16 TotalTotal%Asaah, Asobo N E
17 MagnesiumMg%Asaah, Asobo N E
18 ChromiumCrmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
19 NickelNimg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
20 CobaltComg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
21 VanadiumVmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
22 ZincZnmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
23 CopperCumg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
24 RubidiumRbmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
25 StrontiumSrmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
26 YttriumYmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
27 ZirconiumZrmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
28 NiobiumNbmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
29 CaesiumCsmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
30 BariumBamg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
31 LanthanumLamg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
32 CeriumCemg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
33 PraseodymiumPrmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
34 NeodymiumNdmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
35 SamariumSmmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
36 EuropiumEumg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
37 GadoliniumGdmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
38 TerbiumTbmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
39 DysprosiumDymg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
40 HolmiumHomg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
41 ErbiumErmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
42 ThuliumTmmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
43 YtterbiumYbmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
44 LutetiumLumg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
45 HafniumHfmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
46 TantalumTamg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
47 LeadPbmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
48 ThoriumThmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
49 UraniumUmg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
50 EuropiumEumg/kgAsaah, Asobo N E
51 Strontium-87/Strontium-86 ratio87Sr/86SrAsaah, Asobo N E
52 Neodymium-143/Neodymium-144 ratio143Nd/144NdAsaah, Asobo N E
53 Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio206Pb/204PbAsaah, Asobo N E
54 Lead-207/Lead-204 ratio207Pb/204PbAsaah, Asobo N E
55 Lead-208/Lead-204 ratio208Pb/204PbAsaah, Asobo N E
Size:
1768 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Event

Latitude

Longitude

Sample ID

SiO2 [%]

TiO2 [%]

Al2O3 [%]

Fe2O3 [%]

MnO [%]
10 
MgO [%]
11 
CaO [%]
12 
Na2O [%]
13 
K2O [%]
14 
P2O5 [%]
15 
LOI [%]
16 
Total [%]
17 
Mg [%]
18 
Cr [mg/kg]
19 
Ni [mg/kg]
20 
Co [mg/kg]
21 
V [mg/kg]
22 
Zn [mg/kg]
23 
Cu [mg/kg]
24 
Rb [mg/kg]
25 
Sr [mg/kg]
26 
Y [mg/kg]
27 
Zr [mg/kg]
28 
Nb [mg/kg]
29 
Cs [mg/kg]
30 
Ba [mg/kg]
31 
La [mg/kg]
32 
Ce [mg/kg]
33 
Pr [mg/kg]
34 
Nd [mg/kg]
35 
Sm [mg/kg]
36 
Eu [mg/kg]
37 
Gd [mg/kg]
38 
Tb [mg/kg]
39 
Dy [mg/kg]
40 
Ho [mg/kg]
41 
Er [mg/kg]
42 
Tm [mg/kg]
43 
Yb [mg/kg]
44 
Lu [mg/kg]
45 
Hf [mg/kg]
46 
Ta [mg/kg]
47 
Pb [mg/kg]
48 
Th [mg/kg]
49 
U [mg/kg]
50 
Eu [mg/kg]
51 
87Sr/86Sr
52 
143Nd/144Nd
53 
206Pb/204Pb
54 
207Pb/204Pb
55 
208Pb/204Pb
OVG_Lake_Nyos 6.445010.2966OVG2046.612.7915.0612.260.187.338.013.961.980.870.2499.290.57163.47128.0142.67166.2326.26112.9539.59954.5125.09286.2562.990.44645.2547.7288.3411.3847.419.073.019.471.166.051.062.770.352.130.306.353.432.975.321.451.000.703230.5129219.5734815.6271739.29167
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG2446.642.9715.1512.480.187.618.414.261.930.80-0.15100.270.58165.66131.8545.17187.0933.65107.3441.91969.0025.19276.8960.040.31623.7144.7986.6110.7044.778.572.849.001.115.711.002.610.332.000.296.183.413.055.301.410.99
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG3245.842.8014.9412.030.188.279.183.841.790.700.1499.710.61202.42207.8344.00194.3445.59101.6642.21887.4023.75275.8063.920.48586.4745.3984.3610.6243.738.362.738.791.085.641.002.630.332.040.295.963.463.035.601.420.980.703220.5129219.6129815.6284639.38739
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG3447.232.7314.9412.400.187.758.243.971.800.820.04100.120.58188.41143.6939.68159.1529.37110.1838.13941.2524.20275.6558.470.54631.5844.6184.1310.7945.298.752.939.171.135.841.032.670.332.050.296.263.183.335.071.371.00
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG3546.922.7415.0012.360.187.428.134.381.950.841.02100.930.57187.48128.3742.79161.0427.33109.9639.99957.4124.62286.2461.180.49636.3346.0386.0310.9845.978.772.929.141.135.821.022.660.332.020.297.484.032.765.041.361.00
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG3646.452.8815.0512.360.187.478.374.201.930.80-0.1199.580.58159.57121.2642.01172.2033.98108.7443.48997.8125.64282.6561.340.08643.7646.0489.5810.8945.388.702.889.111.125.771.012.620.332.030.295.873.463.075.521.460.99
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG3746.312.6915.4012.480.206.958.274.652.170.94-0.1599.910.56137.23104.8240.20168.2432.42121.5059.631155.0228.74355.0590.290.01791.9965.91121.6614.0455.269.833.1610.381.246.281.112.950.372.340.346.775.014.228.762.030.960.703160.51291
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG3846.192.7215.3712.510.206.988.354.862.080.98-0.06100.170.56137.51102.3237.94168.1327.66118.7768.871101.7827.93350.7790.320.70802.0163.67118.5514.3256.7210.123.2710.721.286.561.173.100.392.410.356.624.134.228.752.190.960.703180.5129119.7097115.6351339.35618
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG3946.272.6815.4412.460.206.958.274.592.140.960.09100.030.56142.31103.9539.23167.0027.81119.7260.531162.5628.80358.9590.390.70786.3765.97121.5713.9955.119.723.1310.251.226.241.102.940.372.330.347.524.914.288.782.120.96
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG4046.052.9014.9612.140.177.368.434.072.000.80-0.0898.810.58167.06126.4044.80182.0052.91108.7939.73968.6624.67274.2359.390.39648.7645.9286.4610.9945.898.802.939.271.145.881.042.690.332.060.295.493.103.045.311.321.000.703330.5128819.3370615.5996639.07950
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG214b46.392.7014.8712.140.187.488.353.671.990.841.1299.720.58165.67127.9339.56161.9229.78109.1333.56962.7523.97276.5558.620.45601.6742.5980.4510.4243.658.372.788.751.085.610.992.550.321.960.286.283.262.754.921.201.0019.5273015.5978339.18739
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG21547.022.7114.9112.210.187.688.074.221.830.820.2399.880.59187.47138.7343.77164.7730.23109.3839.97923.9823.63273.5757.290.40599.6242.0479.5810.2443.058.322.758.651.075.570.982.530.321.940.286.173.192.604.881.320.990.7032719.3778915.5977339.11892
OVG_Lake_Nyos6.445010.2966OVG21646.942.9015.0112.100.177.468.134.041.900.780.57100.000.58165.19128.8742.67175.6833.98104.9845.21900.8323.32271.8757.480.59600.4743.1980.7510.3443.278.312.708.531.065.530.972.490.311.920.276.093.223.525.421.410.980.703450.5128718.9817115.5865139.09493
OVG_Lake_Elum 6.333310.3333OVG244.943.0914.2012.820.187.949.393.721.760.800.0698.910.58171.34132.0447.02207.1253.45110.8043.18811.9724.13247.1558.030.64560.4141.2577.1210.1142.858.512.818.961.135.931.052.710.332.070.295.363.342.924.921.310.990.703380.5128819.6261515.6534539.45134
OVG_Lake_Elum6.333310.3333OVG444.562.9814.2012.730.188.739.013.771.870.90-0.0598.890.61240.43187.9350.40202.7645.84115.4243.66962.1224.63283.6370.750.64661.8850.8792.5311.8649.189.343.069.721.196.061.062.760.342.070.295.613.963.096.151.640.980.703230.5129119.7430615.6418839.35541
OVG_Lake_Elum6.333310.3333OVG544.952.9714.2212.930.198.928.934.002.000.880.13100.120.61249.53185.2148.11198.9634.76115.6947.46937.9424.65288.9972.160.65664.9652.3894.7512.1150.429.543.1310.011.226.261.102.830.352.160.315.823.923.256.581.810.98
OVG_Lake_Elum6.333310.3333OVG644.173.3114.1713.730.198.829.273.881.880.88-0.6499.660.59216.88150.4651.59217.1734.24115.5737.69903.4925.52266.3865.530.56586.0847.8287.9511.3747.999.263.109.801.216.241.102.840.352.140.305.303.632.405.331.401.000.703220.5129119.8097415.6456539.46112
OVG_Lake_Elum6.333310.3333OVG944.802.9714.1712.960.199.089.033.461.740.870.2199.480.61271.54195.3049.61197.8635.65114.5841.10954.0424.47283.6070.530.59656.5751.4593.4811.9149.489.433.099.931.216.181.082.780.342.110.305.363.943.186.471.760.98
OVG_Lake_Elum6.333310.3333OVG1044.702.8314.1212.890.199.638.523.151.670.880.6499.210.63337.83254.7248.40173.4237.52117.4434.92991.5424.75295.8273.470.67632.1450.9495.2711.6547.908.992.939.381.145.831.022.660.332.050.296.223.982.976.121.630.98
OVG_Lake_Elum6.333310.3333OVG1145.343.0114.2613.050.199.049.143.531.800.880.05100.290.61275.67191.1549.68209.3336.04117.6843.691030.6524.93286.6271.480.81641.2249.5893.8011.5548.079.133.019.521.165.891.022.630.322.010.285.214.073.045.971.610.99
OVG_Lake_Wum 6.411310.2069OVG1246.512.7414.0712.330.189.458.073.561.860.890.2799.940.63311.05249.2945.73175.0726.90105.7546.32973.0124.58287.4167.741.07660.8852.3495.6712.0749.429.142.939.511.155.911.052.740.342.140.305.603.744.546.961.790.960.703250.5129019.8018915.6566439.40556
OVG_Lake_Wum6.411310.2069OVG13b42.953.3115.1513.760.198.068.312.061.670.891.4997.840.57190.22128.2149.25203.3534.94116.5230.02871.5027.02288.8669.730.56748.1050.1995.9811.8549.439.383.079.821.216.211.092.850.362.210.325.823.743.146.141.640.980.703270.5129119.8214015.6695039.54619
OVG_Lake_Wum6.411310.2069OVG213a45.313.2314.7913.220.197.729.354.081.880.88-0.50100.140.57172.17111.8343.07212.8453.24111.6044.21959.4025.64279.6765.960.81599.7346.6886.7811.2146.918.952.919.431.166.011.062.760.342.120.306.063.683.135.681.550.97
OVG_Lake_Wum6.411310.2069OVGLW-146.002.8115.0511.940.188.358.964.201.980.71-0.10100.090.61285.26223.9446.04195.6750.69101.5341.75886.8923.53273.1363.900.60603.0845.3792.9410.8745.278.712.858.861.146.091.092.830.362.240.326.143.343.616.911.840.99
OVG_Lake_Wum6.411310.2069OVGLW246.092.8914.6412.350.178.688.923.831.730.80-0.09100.010.61248.13193.6146.94196.9950.36108.1837.75899.9422.78249.8261.050.39642.3244.1591.0810.9346.669.113.119.431.206.361.122.870.362.230.325.423.123.286.771.711.030.703300.5129019.7018415.6373639.38435
OVG_Lake_Oku 6.192810.4539OVG6342.843.7014.6514.360.207.858.952.721.081.150.9998.470.55139.0498.2148.52230.5239.11123.5310.101187.0030.92323.0679.440.24861.8160.65119.4914.5860.9411.543.7511.961.447.291.293.310.412.510.356.194.483.566.681.670.980.703320.51288
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG6443.833.5514.2313.980.207.718.853.891.921.110.0499.290.55125.0299.4948.05219.6729.32120.2748.571118.8229.74307.4075.310.28736.3757.72114.1113.8958.0811.013.5811.391.387.001.243.200.392.420.356.144.363.396.341.620.980.703290.51288
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG7045.193.9413.8212.960.178.449.913.101.340.780.2399.880.59262.90155.1948.54247.1042.04109.2526.841100.5823.32226.8552.410.09549.8641.3287.1810.6845.728.953.129.281.125.640.992.500.311.860.264.242.972.193.861.031.050.703480.5128219.2291515.5816038.84483
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG7146.953.2316.5213.290.184.607.093.611.730.760.8998.840.444.611.3636.82181.9724.93118.0841.931073.9929.73345.2363.810.25508.1150.27107.3913.2455.8210.713.4110.931.356.971.253.270.412.570.377.903.553.004.821.430.970.703380.51276
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG7246.553.7215.3712.140.175.889.323.461.660.930.3299.520.5292.3949.1537.99219.8429.22111.0133.531315.4525.11259.8354.970.17619.5842.8991.6011.2748.599.503.299.711.186.021.062.720.342.060.294.993.122.484.401.221.05
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG7946.413.8216.3113.910.175.327.713.601.410.840.2299.710.464.003.2040.20204.6117.97103.1127.451288.1224.04286.2459.010.20563.3843.5787.0111.2647.599.043.069.231.135.801.022.650.322.010.296.243.202.184.461.261.020.703560.5128519.9851315.6667239.85042
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG8043.163.9414.7414.990.217.839.372.730.781.090.9799.790.543.971113.1631.180.67923.1458.15114.4714.7261.4011.543.7211.951.457.411.303.390.422.570.376.654.623.706.751.790.970.703350.5128819.4500015.6226439.24391
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG8145.393.3213.7812.680.179.199.712.741.160.880.2599.290.62336.74178.1348.95212.1641.71107.4921.991146.6823.06205.4249.920.22521.6139.9778.9910.2343.888.573.028.911.105.600.982.520.301.890.274.362.802.073.811.061.060.703570.5128319.3494415.6192139.01718
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG8343.903.9214.0913.400.198.0210.832.971.120.690.6899.820.57302.25113.2149.95264.5546.47101.0118.641034.9923.07204.9643.700.22486.3832.0467.619.1941.178.582.938.861.125.811.012.570.311.900.274.022.461.552.860.831.03
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG8445.463.4915.2812.780.225.568.003.521.672.210.6198.820.4928.062886.0731.800.27928.9774.26161.2121.8393.8716.215.6215.441.717.911.323.370.392.360.336.293.822.504.371.341.09
OVG_Lake_Oku6.192810.4539OVG8545.723.5814.9413.590.187.348.853.351.501.040.14100.230.55144.21101.2545.83201.7826.70110.7131.201090.6224.95292.8560.640.36593.6548.3895.9412.3252.179.933.5610.121.226.121.052.680.321.970.284.983.452.444.821.371.090.703570.51282