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Expedition 357 Scientists (2017): Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 357-M0068B [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872028

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Related to:
Frueh-Green, Gretchen L; Orcutt, Beth N; Green, Sophie; Cotterill, Carol; Expedition 357 Scientists (2016): Atlantis Massif Serpentinization and Life. International Ocean Discovery Program Preliminary Report, International Ocean Discovery Program, https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.pr.357.2016
Further details:
Coverage:
Latitude: 30.125150 * Longitude: -42.095770
Date/Time Start: 2015-11-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2015-11-25T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.000 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 3935.000 m
Event(s):
357-M0068B (AM-02A) * Latitude: 30.125150 * Longitude: -42.095770 * Date/Time Start: 2015-11-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2015-11-25T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1102.0 m * IGSN: IBCR0357EH01001 * Location: Atlantis Massif * Campaign: Exp357 * Basis: James Cook * Comment: RD2, unsure if downhole plug is inserted in borehole as drill caught top of plug as it lifted off the seafloor
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Sample code/labelSample labelExpedition 357 ScientistsDSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation
Lithologic unit/sequenceUnitExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmExpedition 357 ScientistsGeocode
Rock typeRockExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
Main LithologyMain lithExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
Lithology/composition/faciesLithologyExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
Lithology/composition/faciesLithologyExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionContinuation 1
Lithology/composition/faciesLithologyExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionContinuation 2
Lithology/composition/faciesLithologyExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionContinuation 3
10 Lithology/composition/faciesLithologyExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionContinuation 4
11 Core disturbanceDisturbanceExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
12 PercentagePerc%Expedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionMain lithology
13 CommentCommentExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
14 Color code HLS-systemColor HLSExpedition 357 ScientistsMunsell Color System (1994)
15 StructureStructureExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionFracture and foliation
16 StructureStructureExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionVeins
17 StructureStructureExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual descriptionFracture morphology
18 MineralsMineralsExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
19 TextureTextureExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
20 AlterationAlterationExpedition 357 ScientistsVisual description
Size:
290 data points

Data

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Sample label
(DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation)

Unit
(Visual description)

Depth sed [m]

Rock
(Visual description)

Main lith
(Visual description)

Lithology
(Visual description)

Lithology
(Continuation 1, Visual descri...)

Lithology
(Continuation 2, Visual descri...)

Lithology
(Continuation 3, Visual descri...)
10 
Lithology
(Continuation 4, Visual descri...)
11 
Disturbance
(Visual description)
12 
Perc [%]
(Main lithology, Visual descri...)
13 
Comment
(Visual description)
14 
Color HLS
(Munsell Color System (1994))
15 
Structure
(Fracture and foliation, Visua...)
16 
Structure
(Veins, Visual description)
17 
Structure
(Fracture morphology, Visual d...)
18 
Minerals
(Visual description)
19 
Texture
(Visual description)
20 
Alteration
(Visual description)
357-M0068B-1R-1,010.000Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized harzburgitePorphyroclastic, serpentinized harzburgite (from 0 to 20cm) with porphyroclasts consisting of altered orthopyroxenes (bastites 5mm), containing a set of sub-parallel veins. From 20 to 30cm there is a highly foliated interval made by multiple,altered (to amphibole and talc) magmatic intrusions within serpentinite that have an apparent dip of 090/50.Structures: Open fractures=0 -- No open fractures; Veins=4 -- 10-20 per 10cm; Foliation=0 -- Massive; Foliation=2 -- Moderately foliatedVeins: Shape=1 -- Straight/planar; Shape=3 --Irregular; Connectivity=1 -- Isolated; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Texture=1 -- Massive; Texture=2 -- Cross fiber; Structure=1 -- Uniform; Structure=2 -- Banded; Structure=3 -- CompositeMinerals: Amphibole; Bastite; Chlorite; Magnetite; Other; Serpentine; Talc; Tremolite
357-M0068B-1R-1,3020.300Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized harzburgiteSerpentinized harzburgite with mesh texture and bastites. Heterogeneous deformation including a sub-vertical, sheared deformation zone (with talc-chlorite) in addition to serpentine and talc veins, of which some are sheared.There is no consistent apparent dip of the veins. Adjacent to the sheared zone there is a pocket of sedimentary breccia with polygenic clasts (interval 53-61cm). Oxidation at the contact with the metasomatic deformation zone.Semi-quant XRD: 38-40cm - liz (42), chl-smec (25), clay (23), mgt (3), tlc (3), pl (3)10GY 2.5/1Structures: Open fractures=2 -- 1-5 per 10cm; Veins=3 -- 5-10 per 10cm; Foliation=2 -- Moderately foliatedVeins: Shape=1 -- Straight/planar; Shape=3 --Irregular; Connectivity=1 -- Isolated; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Texture=1 -- Massive; Structure=1 -- Uniform; Structure=2 -- BandedFractures: Morphology=Planar; Morphology=IrregularMinerals: Bastite; Carbonate; Chlorite; Hydroxides; Magnetite; Serpentine; TalcTotal alteration
357-M0068B-1R-1,7330.730SedimentBreccia, clast supportedCarbonate breccia, polygenetic, angular clasts ranging in size from less than a fewmm to up to a fewcm in size. Clasts include basalts (including green-schist facies), talc-schists, and other unidentified lithologies. 60% green clasts, 20% black clasts,10% yellow clasts and 10% red clasts. Thin section at 79.5 to 83.5cm shows a very wide range of clasts including fault schists, serpentinite, metadolerite, and oxidised clasts with lath shaped opaque minerals surrounded by zeolites and insome cases enclosing porosity. Semi-quant XRD: 79.5-81cm - tlc (48), chl (19), amph (13), cchrys (8), clay (7), carb (5)Minerals: Amphibole; Carbonate; Other; Oxides; Serpentine; TalcSlight alteration
357-M0068B-1R-1,9340.930SedimentBreccia, clast supportedBreccia made by two large clasts (more than 20 and more than 10cm each) of tc-amph schist with ambiguos protolith. Irregular borders, some showing slickensides (vein material). The smallest talc-amph clast is sharply foliated (90 to 101cm).The second clast (from 101 to 125cm) has heterogeneous texture including a pale-green breccia at the base of the clast. The matrix is carbonate and includes small angular clasts. Thin section at 118.5 to 121cm is a talc-altered metagabbro containingzircon grains, altered to chlorite and amphibole before talc. Thin section at 134 to 139cm is a high-temperature altered layered gabbro with weak dynamic recrystallisation of clinopyroxene and plagioclase and brown hornblende.Semi-quant XRD: 134-139cm - opx (53), tlc (24), amph (18), cpx (5), duplicate sample from same interval - opx (53), amph (34), tlc (18), zeo (3)Structures: Open fractures=1 -- <1 per 10cm; Foliation=0 -- Massive; Foliation=2 -- Moderately foliated; Cataclastic deformation=0 -- UndeformedVeins: Shape=1 -- Straight/planar; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Connectivity=3 -- Branched; Texture=1 -- Massive; Texture=4 -- Vuggy; Structure=1 -- Uniform; Structure=2 -- BandedFractures: Morphology=IrregularMinerals: Amphibole; Carbonate; Chlorite; Other; Oxides; Talc; Tremolite; Zeolites
357-M0068B-1R-1,12551.250Metamorphic/Fault RockMetagabbroGabbro: cpx 35 %, pl 50%, brown amphibole less than 15%, oxides less than 1% from thin section. Px: original grain size 0.5-2.5cm in diameter, equant, subhedral grains. Pl: 0.5 to 4mm in size.Structures: Open fractures=0 -- No open fractures; Veins=2 -- 1 - 5 per 10cm; Foliation=0 -- Massive; Cataclastic deformation=0 -- Undeformed; Gabbro crystal-plastic deformation=0 -- Undeformed; Magmatic foliation=0 -- Isotropic: no shape fabricVeins: Shape=1 -- Straight/planar; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Connectivity=3 -- Branched; Texture=1 -- Massive; Structure=2 -- BandedFractures: Morphology=No open fracturesMinerals: Amphibole; Clinopyroxene; Other; Plagioclase
357-M0068B-1R-2,011.470SedimentPolymict brecciaUnconsolidated breccia with angular fragments. Most of the fragments are serpentinized harzburgites. The larger fragment (up to 5cm) consists of serpentinized, porphyroclastic harzburgites with oxides, relict opx, and mesh texture.Structures: Open fractures=0 -- No open fractures; Veins=0 -- No veins; Foliation=0 -- Massive; Cataclastic deformation=0 -- UndeformedVeins: Shape=0 -- No veinsFractures: Morphology=No open fracturesMinerals: Hydroxides; Serpentine; Talc; Tremolite
357-M0068B-2R-1,011.720Gabbroic RockGabbronoriteGabbro: cpx (10%), some plagioclase (less than 70%), both subhedral, subrounded, equant grains. Grain size variation in gb. Open fractures probably due to drilling. No apparent penetrative deformation (plastic, Semibrittle or others).Late alteration to amphibole and chlorite. Thin section at 31 to 36.5 is a relatively fresh layered gabbronorite with alteratation mainly of orthopyroxene to amphibole. Semi-quant XRD: 36-36.5cm - pl (66), amph (18), chl (1), cpx (6)100In hand made core description unit 6 corresponds to unit 1 in the DIS2.5YR 2.5/1Structures: Open fractures=2 -- 1-5 per 10cm; Veins=2 -- 1 - 5 per 10cm; Gabbro crystal-plastic deformation=0 -- UndeformedVeins: Shape=1 -- Straight/planar; Shape=3 --Irregular; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Texture=1 -- Massive; Structure=1 -- Uniform; Structure=3 -- CompositeFractures: Morphology=IrregularMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Clinopyroxene; PlagioclaseSlight alteration
357-M0068B-2R-1,4522.170Metamorphic/Fault RockTalc-amphibole-chlorite schistTalc-amphibole-chlorite-schist, resulting from a pervasive and isotropic alteration of a previously serpentinitic rock. The alteration is pale green in color (dominated by talc) with darker chlorite-amphibole zones. Thin section at 50-55cm is a 100%altered chrome-spinel bearing harzburgite. Talc overprints serpentine and comprises 60% of the rock. There is some tremolite and chlorite. Semi-quant XRD: 55-56cm - tlc (56), amph (37), chl (5), hydr (3)1005G 6/2Structures: Open fractures=2 -- 1-5 per 10cm; Veins=3 -- 5-10 per 10cm; Foliation=1 -- Weakly foliated; Cataclastic deformation=2 -- Moderate fracturingVeins: Shape=3 --Irregular; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Connectivity=3 -- Branched; Texture=1 -- Massive; Structure=1 -- Uniform; Structure=2 -- BandedFractures: Morphology=Planar; Morphology=IrregularMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Hydroxides; Other; TalcTotal alteration
357-M0068B-2R-1,7632.480Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized harzburgiteThe unit is made of oxidized serpentinized harzburgite, with localized talc-chlorite-amphibole alteration (possibly linked to melt intrusions). Darker veins (270/30 at 84cm) are cut by pale green serpentine veins (090/15 at same depth). Thin sectionat 78-85cm is a highly talc-altered harzburgite (with talc overprinting serpentine) with a gabbroic vein altered to amphibole, chlorite and talc. Semi-quant XRD: 83-85cm - tlc (47), amph (27), cchrys (12), chl (7), mgt (2)100Structures: Veins=2 -- 1 - 5 per 10cm; Foliation=0 -- Massive; Foliation=2 -- Moderately foliatedMinerals: Bastite; Chlorite; Hydroxides; Other; Serpentine; Talc; TremoliteTotal alteration
357-M0068B-2R-1,10642.780Metamorphic/Fault RockTalc-amphibole schistLocalized shear zone consisting of amphibole, chlorite and talc as the unit 2.10010GY 2.5/1Structures: Open fractures=0 -- No open fractures; Veins=0 -- No veins; Foliation=2 -- Moderately foliatedFractures: Morphology=No open fracturesMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Other; TalcTotal alteration
357-M0068B-2R-1,10852.800RubbleTalc-amphibole schist rubbleRubble of talc fels with possible metasomatized gabbroic intrusions.100Structures: Open fractures=0 -- No open fractures; Veins=0 -- No veinsMinerals: Amphibole; Other; Talc
357-M0068B-3R-1,013295.000SedimentPolymict brecciaSubrounded to angular fragments of multiple rock types up to 4cm in size. No matrix material other than occasional carbonate coating on some fragments. Clasts include: metagabbro, altered porphyroclastic, serpentinized harzburgites, and talc-amphiboleschist. One clast is a previous carbonate-cemented, polymict breccia with manganese-oxide coated clast inside.highly100Minerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Clinopyroxene; Oxides; Plagioclase; Talc
357-M0068B-3R-1,2523545.000SedimentPolymict breccia, carbonate matrixCarbonate-hosted, roughly consolidated breccia with angular to subrounded clasts (partially oxided), mainly serpentinized harzburgites and talc-amphibole-schist. Poorly sorted, clast supported, clast size: less than 1mm to 4cm. No foraminifera ormanganese crusts visible in hand specimen.undisturbed100Minerals: Amphibole; Carbonate; Chlorite; Oxides; Serpentine; Talc
357-M0068B-3R-2,013935.000Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized peridotitePorphyroclastic serpentinized harzburgite. Porphyroclasts are up to 5mm in size and rounded to subrounded. Fragments in the core are 2 - 3cm in size, up to 6cm.highly10010GY 2.5/1Minerals: Magnetite; SerpentineTotal alteration
357-M0068B-4R-1,014.000Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized porphyroclastic harzburgiteProbable drilling rubble composed of serpentinized porphyroclastic harzburgite. Fragments are up to 6cm in size and include some clay/carbonate-lined edges.highly10010GY 2.5/1Minerals: Bastite; Other; SerpentineTotal alteration
357-M0068B-4R-1,1724.170Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized harzburgitePartially serpentinized harburgites impregnated by thin gabbroic veins in a lit par lit fabric. This magmatic fabric dips at 70 degrees in this core, but note the presence of possible sedimentary breccia in lower cores, suggesting that this may be arotated block. Patchy alteration to talc and amph. A set of bright green serpentine veins is parallel to the main fabric with a set of crosscutting grey-green veins present. Thin section at 18-22cm is a relatively fresh harzburgite cut by thin gabbroicveins, now altered to chlorite and amphibole. Note that the gabbro veins are not parallel to the prominent fabric of serpentine veins and alteration. Semi-quant XRD: 18-21cm - cchrys (40), cpx (20), ol(13), liz (9), chl (8), amph (3), mgt (3)undisturbed6010BG 3/1Structures: Veins=2 -- 1 - 5 per 10cm; Magmatic foliation=0 -- Isotropic: no shape fabricVeins: Shape=1 -- Straight/planar; Shape=2 -- Sigmoidal/ curved; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Texture=1 -- Massive; Structure=1 -- UniformMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Magnetite; Orthopyroxene; Serpentine; Talc; OlivineVery high alteration
357-M0068B-4R-1,3334.330Metamorphic/Fault RockMetagabbroSimilar to overlying unit except for thicker altered microgabbro units up to 3cm in thickness are interpreted to intrude peridotite leaving 1cm serpentinized layers with a similar dip to the overlying core. A composite light green to dark greenserpentine vein cuts the banding at the top of this section. Thin section at 50-53cm is a partially serpentinised harzburgite with possibly some gabbroic impregnations and thin shear zones of dynamically recrystallised olivine.undisturbed7010YR 4/2Structures: Veins=2 -- 1 - 5 per 10cmVeins: Shape=2 -- Sigmoidal/ curved; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Texture=1 -- Massive; Structure=1 -- UniformMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Oxides; Serpentine; TalcVery high alteration
357-M0068B-4R-1,5644.560Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized duniteHomogeneous serpentinite with no bastites visible, some thin stringers of gabbro are present parallel to those in higher units. Two sets of veins are subparallel to the fabric: 1) bright green serpentine veins locally with a dark brown to orange halo.2) white, fibrous, lense shaped serpentine veins. Between 93 and 100cm depth three generations of veins are present: The first are chalky white serpentine veins mainly parallel to the dip, the second are mainly parallel to the dip and the third arereticulate carbonate veins.undisturbed9510GY 2.5/1Structures: Veins=3 -- 5-10 per 10cmVeins: Shape=2 -- Sigmoidal/ curvedMinerals: Carbonate; Magnetite; Oxides; SerpentineTotal alteration
357-M0068B-4R-1,12255.220Metamorphic/Fault RockMetagabbroThis unit has a moderately dipping, lobate contact with the overlying serpentinized dunite, which is subparallel to magmatic veins in the overlying unit. The piece contains strongly zoned and intense alteration. At the outer margin the gabbroic textureis clear, but plagioclase is milky suggesting rodingitization. The next zone is dark green and appears to be composed of talc and amphibole, while an inner zone is largely talc. It is possible that the inner zone is fault breccia overprintedby pervasive alteration.undisturbed60Structures: Veins=2 -- 1 - 5 per 10cm; Cataclastic deformation=4 -- Well developed fault brecciation; clast rotationMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Oxides; Sulfides; TalcVery high alteration
357-M0068B-4R-2,015.390SedimentSerpentinite-rich breccia, carbonate matrixRubble containing clasts of serpentinized porphyroclastic harzburgite and breccia with a carbonate-dominated matrix that is poorly sorted and contains angular to subrounded lithic fragments.slightly10010GY 2.5/1Structures: Veins=0 -- No veinsMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Oxides; Serpentine; TalcTotal alteration
357-M0068B-5R-1,014.070Gabbroic RockGabbroRubble consisting of porphyroclastic serpentinite and metagabbro. The metagabbro shows partial alteration to amphibole, talc, and chlorite.rubble6010GY 2.5/1Structures: Veins=0 -- No veinsMinerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Clinopyroxene; Orthopyroxene; Oxides; Plagioclase; Serpentine; TalcCoarse-grainedHigh alteration
357-M0068B-6R-1,015.850Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized harzburgiteSubrounded pebbles with red weathering crusts up to 1cm in thickness suggesting seafloor exposure. The clasts include serpentinized harzburgites, isotropic talc rock, talc-amphibole cataclasite, talc-amphibole schist and altered dolerite.70Minerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Hydroxides; Oxides; TalcVery high alteration
357-M0068B-6R-1,1926.040Metamorphic/Fault RockTalc-amphibole-chlorite schistAngular fragments of talc-amphibole-chlorite schist with a range of internal textures. One clast contains an undeformed, igneous material interpreted as a dike margin cutting across talc-amphibole schistosity. Most fragments are intensely deformed.9010BG 7/1Minerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Oxides; TalcTotal alteration
357-M0068B-6R-1,3736.220Metamorphic/Fault RockSerpentinized peridotiteSubrounded clasts of oxidized serpentinites and gabbroic rubble. Some clasts contain cataclastic fragments. Hematite-rich rims are similar to those in the first section of this core.6010GY 2.5/1Minerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Oxides; TalcTotal alteration
357-M0068B-7R-1,017.570RubbleMixed rubbleMixed rubble probably from higher in the hole with several pieces of fault rocks derived from ultramafic fault rocks, breccias, schistose fabrics, metagabbro and dolerite. Some red oxidation occurs on some fragments. The sample collected formicrobiology between 16 and 29cm appears to be a continuation of this unit.55Minerals: Amphibole; Chlorite; Hydroxides; Orthopyroxene; Oxides; Plagioclase; Serpentine; TalcTotal alteration
357-M0068B-7R-1,2927.860Metamorphic/Fault RockMetabasaltSeveral pieces of meta-basalts including drilled pieces, probably metamorphosed and also variably weathered. Small clinopyroxene porphyroclasts are visible and are aligned in a magmatic fabric.10010YR 4/1Minerals: Clinopyroxene; Orthopyroxene; PlagioclaseSparsley phyricSlight alteration
357-M0068B-8R-1,018.730RubbleMixed rubbleRubble consisting of subrounded to angular pieces of talc- and talc-amphibole schists (up to 11cm) and basalts (up to 6cm). Talc schists are very fine-grained, highly foliated; presence of bastites that are completely metasomatized. Soapy to the touch.Talc-amphibole schists are highly foliated, with sigmoidal texture and the matrix is rich in talc. We observed angular darker clasts (< 1mm) within a talc-tremolite schistose matrix, that most probably are amphibole. Basalts vary from an aphyric texture(pieces at the bottom of the core) to fragments (from 5 to 8cm) with rare amphibole microliths (< 2mm). Low intensity brittle deformation, with hairline fractures and no apparent deformation associated with them, nor penetrative. Thin section of a clastat 15-20cm is a consolidated fault breccia composed of clasts of foliated fault schist, enclosed in a cataclastic matrix rich in chlorite. Clasts include crystal plastic fabrics in tremolite. Semi-quant XRD: 15-20cm - amph (67), tlc (18), clay (15),duplicate sample from same interval - amph (66), tlc (24), clay (9)100Structures: Open fractures=1 -- <1 per 10cm; Foliation=1 -- Weakly foliated; Foliation=3 -- Strongly foliated; Cataclastic deformation=1 -- Minor fracturingVeins: Shape=1 -- Straight/planar; Connectivity=2 -- Single; Texture=1 -- Massive; Structure=1 -- Uniform; Structure=3 -- CompositeFractures: Morphology=IrregularMinerals: Amphibole; Bastite; Other; Oxides; Serpentine; Talc; Tremolite