Nichols, Harvey; Stolze, Susann (2017): Vegetation description of the modern pollen sampling sites in the Canadian Arctic (1972-1973) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.869617, In supplement to: Nichols, H; Stolze, S (2017): Modern pollen data from the Canadian Arctic, 1972-1973. Scientific Data, 4, 170065, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.65
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Coverage:
Median Latitude: 64.029317 * Median Longitude: -92.780657 * South-bound Latitude: 60.033326 * West-bound Longitude: -100.891756 * North-bound Latitude: 70.526308 * East-bound Longitude: -68.297373
Minimum ELEVATION: 2 m a.s.l. * Maximum ELEVATION: 324 m a.s.l.
Event(s):
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | Nichols, Harvey | |||
| 2 | Latitude of event | Latitude | Nichols, Harvey | |||
| 3 | Longitude of event | Longitude | Nichols, Harvey | |||
| 4 | Elevation of event | Elevation | m | Nichols, Harvey | ||
| 5 | Area/locality | Area | Nichols, Harvey | |||
| 6 | Description | Description | Nichols, Harvey | of location | ||
| 7 | ELEVATION | Elevation | m a.s.l. | Nichols, Harvey | Geocode – #2.5 = 0-5 | |
| 8 | Time coverage | Coverage | Nichols, Harvey | |||
| 9 | Zone | Zone | Nichols, Harvey | Ecozone | ||
| 10 | Description | Description | Nichols, Harvey | Ecosystem | ||
| 11 | Vegetation type | Vegetation type | Nichols, Harvey | local | ||
| 12 | Description | Description | Nichols, Harvey | of Vegetation (1) | ||
| 13 | Description | Description | Nichols, Harvey | of Vegetation (2) | ||
| 14 | Description | Description | Nichols, Harvey | of Vegetation (3) | ||
| 15 | Observation | Obs | Nichols, Harvey |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
265 data points
Data
| 1 Event | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 Elevation [m] | 5 Area | 6 Description (of location) | 7 Elevation [m a.s.l.] (#2.5 = 0-5) | 8 Coverage | 9 Zone (Ecozone) | 10 Description (Ecosystem) | 11 Vegetation type (local) | 12 Description (of Vegetation (1)) | 13 Description (of Vegetation (2)) | 14 Description (of Vegetation (3)) | 15 Obs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CanArct_S1 | 60.0333 | -99.8500 | 278 | Nueltin Lake | 278.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Lichen Woodland | Open woodland, tundra patches | Shoreline: Open lichen woodland Picea mariana (~3-5m in height) and Betula glandulosa; P. cf. glauca, and Larix laricina; Picea mariana with no current cones in 1972 or 1973, but with ample cones 20 years later in 1993 | Away from shoreline, low hills: Dry boulder heath with Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Salix herbacea | 10-20 m away: Small peaty pond with Eriophorum; Ground cover: Ledum palustre, Empetrum nigrum, some Gramineae spp., Rubus chamaemorus | Rapid transition from open woodland to tundra within ~12 km south to north during airplane flight | |
| CanArct_S2 | 60.1667 | -99.7333 | 288 | Nueltin Lake | 288.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Low arctic shrub tundra with spruce clumps | Shoreline: Clumps of Picea mariana, Betula glandulosa, cf. Salix, all chest high | Landwards from shoreline: Low arctic ericaceous shrub tundra (Empetrum nigrum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Betula glandulosa, Cetraria) | Top of rise: Tundra becomes drier and windswept with mosses and lichens, shrubs largely absent | Snow accumulation at shoreline in winter protects dwarf trees; Snow covers bushes; Area blown bare of snow in winter | |
| CanArct_S3 | 60.3500 | -99.7000 | 280 | Nueltin Lake | 280.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Tundra | Shoreline: Picea mariana becoming lower in height than at S2 (~100 cm); Broken line of dwarf spruce trees, bushes along the shore with Larix laricina, dwarf prostrate Salix sp. (or spp.?), many shrubby Alnus crispa | Moist lush site: Dense undergrowth below trees and shrubs, very woodsy despite being surrounded by tundra | Sheltered places such as shorelines, gullies allow spruce to survive; vegetative Picea mariana grow in shelter of Betula and Salix nurseries of protective bushes | ||
| CanArct_S4 | 60.4274 | -99.6989 | 288 | Nueltin Lake | Location of Canada Water Survey shack | 288.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Lichen and heath tundra, dwarf spruce in protected areas | Shoreline: Sheltered grove of Picea mariana in damp woodsy deep protected hollow with much Sphagnum spp. and Polytrichum communis (?) | Landwards from shoreline: Woodland grove in deep gully surrounded by dry boulder lichen heath with much Arcostaphylos sp. | Picea mariana on shoreline, where it is sheltered and protected from winds | |
| CanArct_S5 | 60.5667 | -99.4000 | 277 | Nueltin Lake | 277.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Outwash plain, delta of sands and gravels: Alnus crispa amid ericaceous heath | |||||
| CanArct_S6 | 60.6636 | -99.3710 | 291 | Nueltin Lake | 291.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Heath tundra | Dwarf birch - bryophyte heath with much Rhacomitrium, Vaccinium, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi; single dwarf Picea mariana | ||||
| CanArct_S7 | 60.7960 | -99.2265 | 277 | Nueltin Lake | ca. 800 m away from Nueltin Lake | 277.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Heath tundra | Dry Empetrum nigrum heath site with bare gravel patches exposed | Lee site of hill: Betula glandulosa and dwarf Picea mariana (kneehigh) in sheltered hollows; Picea mariana leaders sticking out of snow, snowblasted | ||
| CanArct_S8 | 60.8309 | -98.9797 | 279 | Nueltin Lake | 279.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Dry heath tundra | Shoreline: Shrubby heath tundra; Dwarf Betula and Salix spp., occasional dwarf Picea | Peat over sand | |||
| CanArct_S9 | 60.8566 | -98.7053 | 267 | Sealhole Lake | 267.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Tundra | Shoreline: Betula glandulosa and Picea mariana with Salix sp. in sheltered belt behind rock rampart (pushed high by winter ice movements); sedges, very local patches of Picea mariana | Within few metres from rampart: Vegetation becomes a dry low arctic shrub tundra with Salix spp. and Betula glandulosa amidst Empetrum nigrum heath with cf. Cladonia and cf. Cetraria lichens | |||
| CanArct_S10 | 61.1298 | -100.8918 | 314 | Ennadai Lake | Aeradio Station (Operational in 1972-73, but since closed, operating as remote meteorological station) | 314.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Dry heath tundra | Shoreline to upland: Empetrum, Ledum palustre, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Arctostaphylus uva-ursi, Rubus chamaemorus, Salix spp., and Betula glandulosa shrubs, Polytrichum commune | Dwarf stands of Picea mariana along shoreline and protected areas, ranging in height from ~40-150 cm; Large patch of Epilobium colonised bulldozer clearance | Frost polygones, bare ground, substrate gravel and sand | |
| CanArct_S11 | 61.6192 | -100.1246 | 310 | Unnamed lake | 310.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Treeline Ecotone | Dry heath tundra | Rhacomitrium, Rubus chamaemorus, dwarf Betula, and dwarf Picea marianabearing old cones from decades earlier; Carex, patch of Sphagnum cf. rubrum, drought-tolerant lichens | ||||
| CanArct_S12 | 62.0333 | -99.7333 | 280 | Unnamed lake | 280.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Tundra | Heath tundra | Shoreline: Mesic dwarf Betula heath with Salix and much Sphagnum; also, Ledum, Empetrum, Arctostaphylos, Rubus chamaemorus, and Vaccinium, with few dwarf Picea | Away from shoreline: Lichens and mosses | Drier upslope: Almost high arctic vegetation | Snowline along shoreline supports Picea growth, shelter effect (microclimate) | |
| CanArct_S13 | 62.7682 | -98.3666 | 141 | Yathkyed Lake | 141.0 | 1972-1973 | Taiga Shield | Arctic Tundra | Heath tundra | Shoreline: Dry dwarf Salix heath with Empetrum, Arctostaphylos, Vaccinium, Ledum, Rubus chamaemorus, Betula glandulosa, dwarf Picea mariana with cones from previous years, Sphagnum | Uphill: Very marginal environment with Sphagnum, flowering dwarf Salix, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Ledum, Cetraria, Cladonia | |||
| CanArct_S14 | 63.2791 | -97.7591 | 127 | Unnamed lake | 127.0 | 1972-1973 | Southern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Heath tundra | Shoreline: Betula glandulosa, Salix, grassy shrub tundra, Sphaghnum; a sea of dwarf Betula, with Eriophorum in wet areas and much Sphagnum, plus Empetrum and Vaccinium | High ice-pushed rampart (~1.5 m): Tussocky tundra | Uphill: Many Salix within rocks, Sphagnum, grasses | Kasan river; Spruce growing in protected snow areas (airshot), suggesting that its distribution is influenced by snow distribution | |
| CanArct_S15 | 63.7020 | -97.6163 | 128 | Unnamed lake | 128.0 | 1972-1973 | Southern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Heath tundra | Shoreline: Dry heath with Cetraria and Ledum, and drying peaty pools with Eriophorum and Cyperaceae; dwarf Betula, much flowering Rubus; Betula glandulosa around lake shore sheltered by ice-pushed rampart | Back side of ice-pushed rampart: Lee shelter effect, snow allowed Betula growth up to 1-1.5 m; 10 m away from rampart, shorter Betula shrubs of 30-25 cm | Ice-pushed rampart: Grassy tundra, tussocks not well developed | ||
| CanArct_S16 | 63.9833 | -96.5000 | 63 | Unnamed lake | 63.0 | 1972-1973 | Southern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Shoreline (high ice-pushed 2+ m rampart): widespread Sphagnum close to shore in wet Carex meadows, flowering Cassiope tetragona, Betula glandulosa, graminoids, possibly Ledum; Betula on lee side of rampart | Away from shoreline:Tussocky tundra;Dry lichen heath with Cladonia cf. mitis, two specs of Alectoria,Rubus cf. chamaemorus (flowering), a few Betula, much Ledum palustre, a little Vaccinium+Empetrum; wet meadow with Eriophorum,Carex,Sphagnum,Ledum spp. | Elevated dry area ~20 m higher than shoreline: blasted by snow; with Racomitrium, Cetraria and other lichens; Cetraria mat on rock ~ 1 m thick | Sandy shore; rampart formed of sand, not pebbles and rocks as in other previous cases. Rampart on lake shore formed by ice bulldozer, gradual slope, lesser vortex effect on lee side | |
| CanArct_S17 | 64.3150 | -96.0093 | 14 | Baker Lake | 14.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Heath tundra | Dry boulder heath with Betula glandulosa at the base of hills; Species richness noted (related to human usage and disturbance?); no mosses found | Baker Lake connects with sea through Chesterfield Inlet; Settlement damage to tundra, burnt tundra north of Baker Lake | |||
| CanArct_S18 | 64.6944 | -95.4470 | 126 | Tehek Lake | 126.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Boulder field: Covered with thick lichen growth (Cladonia) and Rubus chamaemorus, graminoids, Cetraria, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, some Empetrum nigrum, Ledum, and a little Polytrichum, no Sphagnum (too dry) | Isolated Picea noted by canoe party at about 65.5 N on the Back River and Bailey River; In 1973, fire had blackened about 3/4 of the tundra with fire scars in this area due to dry conditions; more fires than before | |||
| CanArct_S19 | 65.2943 | -95.0015 | 154 | Unnamed lake | 154.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Shoreline: Dry heath with Empetrum nigrum, some Cassiope tetragona, Betula glandulosa, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Ledum, Polytrichum | Boulder field: Covered with lichens, ericaceous shrubs | Sandy shoreline with boulders; Distinct smells of burning from tundra in vicinity or forest fire to the south borne on strong; southerly wind, so photography difficult in August 1973 | ||
| CanArct_S20 | 66.2167 | -92.3833 | 260 | Esker Lake | 260.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Dry lichen heath with lichens thickly covering boulders, Cassiope, some Stellaria at the shore with some Alectoria sp., little Sphagnum, some Dryas octopetala, prostrate Salix sp., and Rhacomitrium | Patchy vegetation on sand, primarily heath, Ledum, graminoid clumps, Silene acaulis growing in rosettes, Empetrum nigrum | Very clear examples of patterned ground seen from the airplane at ~1200 m; Esker ponds back local drainage and forms lake; Less productive vegetation | ||
| CanArct_S21 | 66.9109 | -91.3518 | 290 | Sandspit Lake (informal name) | 290.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Dry lichen heath, mostly Cassiope and Cetraria | ||||
| CanArct_S22 | 68.4369 | -89.7261 | 198 | Pelly Bay | DEW Line station | 198.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Rock field, very dry lichen heath with Cladonia and Cassiope (flowering), graminoids, dense felt-like Rhacomitriu, lichens, Silene acaulis; Discontinous vegetation, tussocky lichen with heath covering boulders | Sand, dry sandy heath; low productivity vegetation due to cold; Frost polygons, bare ground; Native settlement at a distance | ||
| CanArct_S23 | 68.2555 | -88.1737 | 12 | Keith Bay | DEW Line station, abandoned in 1963 | 12.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Prostrate Salix sp., Cassiope | Much bare earth; open frost polygons of broken limestone | ||
| CanArct_S24 | 68.3004 | -85.6746 | 324 | Mackar Inlet | DEW Line station | 324.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Occasional dwarf Betula glandulosa, Salix, graminoids | Bare ground: lichens (a little Alectoria, Cladonia, Cetraria), Cassiope tetragona, Rhacomitrium | High Arctic conditions | |
| CanArct_S25 | 68.5654 | -83.4815 | 324 | Sarcpa Lake | DEW Line station | 324.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Grassy tundra, Dryas octopetala, sedges, grasses, Saxifraga oppositifolia in rosettes | Bare ground; soil affected by frost action | ||
| CanArct_S26 | 68.7607 | -81.2264 | 0 | Hall Beach | DEW Line station | #2.5 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | No mosses, primarily lichens, and few flowering plants | Valleys of snow, snow blown off tops | ||
| CanArct_S27 | 68.9367 | -75.2918 | 12 | Longstaff Bluff | DEW Line station | 12.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Rockfield with Cassiope, some Cladonia, short grasses, some Carex near stream, Polytrichum, no Sphagnum | High Arctic conditions; gorund unvegetated when disturbed by frost action | ||
| CanArct_S28 | 68.6280 | -71.1195 | 176 | Dewar Lakes | DEW Line station | 176.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Open gravel surface with rock: Hierochloe, few Cladonia, Cassiope, graminoids, Arctic poppy, Arctic Ranunculus, Stellaria longipes, Eriophorum, Salix, Silene patch; no Sphagnum | Late lying snow over summer, moisture moving downslope, lush vegetaton on warm side; Bare ground when disturbed | ||
| CanArct_S29 | 70.5263 | -68.2974 | 0 | Cape Christian | US Coastguard LORAN station (decommissioned) | #2.5 | 1972-1973 | Arctic Cordillera | Arctic Tundra | High Arctic semi-dessert | Arctic poppies (Papaver radicatum), Cladonia, cf. Polytrichum | Native settlement Clyde River | ||
| CanArct_A | 61.0990 | -94.0679 | 6 | Eskimo Point | At the intersection of two small lakes, at the south side of the parking area for planes | 6.0 | 1972-1973 | Southern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Low Arctic shrub tundra | Ericaceous taxa; gramineae with colonising arctic daisies (Chrisanthemum arcticum), Carex, Eriophorum; Damp meadow mixed graminoids (Carex) with Sphagnum, Dryas octopetala, Ledum palustre, Empetrum nigrum, Betula glandulosa | Flowering in August 1973 much more advanced than in August 1972, most flowering finished by August 3, 1973 | ||
| CanArct_B | 62.1719 | -92.5784 | 7 | Whale Cove | 300 m east of Whale Cove village | 7.0 | 1972-1973 | Southern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Dryas, Empetrum, Saxifraga growing in cracks of rock | |||
| CanArct_C | 62.8104 | -92.0861 | 20 | Rankin Inlet | Research station anemometer (June 1972) | 20.0 | 1972-1973 | Southern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Dryas octopetala, Arctostaphylos, Silene rosettes, Cassiope tetragona, Saxifraga tricuspidata, prostrate Salix | Mining settlement | ||
| CanArct_D | 63.3449 | -90.7294 | 7 | Chesterfield Inlet | near meteorological screen; Canadian Department of Transportation | 7.0 | 1972-1973 | Southern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Moist meadow, graminoids, sedges in wetter patches; Prostrate Betula glandulosa, dwarf Salix flowering, Sphagnum, Silene rosettes | |||
| CanArct_E | 66.5233 | -86.2403 | 19 | Repulse Bay | House no. 39 | 19.0 | 1972-1973 | Northern Arctic | Arctic Tundra | Tundra | Bare ground: grass and herbaceous taxa in sheltered and undisturbed places; Arctic poppy (Papaver radicatum), Stellaria, Rhododendrum laponicum, Dryas octopetala, Saxifraga tricuspidata | Barren environment, thin soils; Several whale carcasses along shoreline creating local vegetational productivity |