Milner, Sara; Langer, Gerald; Grelaud, Michaël; Ziveri, Patrizia (2016): Ocean warming modulates the effects of acidification on Emiliania huxleyi calcification and sinking [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.869470, Supplement to: Milner, S et al. (2016): Ocean warming modulates the effects of acidification on Emiliania huxleyi calcification and sinking. Limnology and Oceanography, 61(4), 1322-1336, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10292
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Abstract:
Ongoing ocean warming and acidification are tied to the rapid accumulation of human-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and subsequent uptake of heat and CO2 by the surface ocean. These processes are expected to drive large changes in marine ecosystems. While numerous studies have examined the effects of ocean acidification on coccolithophores, less is known on their combined effect. In this study, we investigate temperature modulation of the carbonate chemistry sensitivity of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (RCC1827 from the Western Mediterranean) in a culture experiment. We analyzed the responses of coccolith morphology, particulate inorganic and organic carbon production, and sinking rate of individual cells. E. huxleyi was exposed to three CO2 levels (ca. 400 µatm, 900 µatm, and 1400 µatm) at 15°C and 20°C. Temperature adds to the negative effect of increasing pCO2 on coccolith morphology, suggesting that a significant number of E. huxleyi strains might suffer from a temperature increase, hampering their evolutionary success. Temperature amplified the positive effect of increasing pCO2 on organic carbon production, while modulating the response of calcification rates, indicating that the response to increasing pCO2 must be taken with caution depending on the temperature range studied. Sinking rates were positively correlated with temperature, whereas pCO2 did not have any effect. The combined effect of carbonate chemistry and temperature on the E. huxleyi ratio between particulate inorganic carbon and particulate organic carbon (PIC/POC) might also lower the sinking rate of aggregates. In conclusion, in a warmer and more acidified ocean, individual coccolithophore cells might sink faster, while aggregates might sink slower.
Keyword(s):
Further details:
Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Proye, Aurélien; Soetaert, Karline; Rae, James (2016): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb
Project(s):
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-12-13.
Parameter(s):
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
474 data points
Data
1 Type (study) | 2 Species | 3 Reg spec no | 4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID) | 5 Treat | 6 Cocco norm [%] | 7 Cocco norm std dev [±] | 8 Malformation [%] (Coccoliths) | 9 Malformation std dev [±] (Coccoliths) | 10 µ [1/day] | 11 µ std dev [±] | 12 PIC/cell [pg/#] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 13 PIC/cell std dev [±] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 14 POC/cell [pg/#] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 15 POC cont/cell std dev [±] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 16 PIC prod/cell [pg/#/day] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 17 PIC prod std dev [±] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 18 POC prod/cell [pg/#/day] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 19 POC prod std dev [±] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 20 PIC/POC (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 21 PIC/POC ratio std dev [±] (Element analyzer CHN (Hewlett...) | 22 Coccosp diam [µm] | 23 Coccosp diam std dev [±] | 24 Cocco [#] (per coccosphere) | 25 Cocco std dev [±] (per coccosphere) | 26 PIC/cell [pg/#] (Scanning electron microscope ...) | 27 PIC/cell std dev [±] (Scanning electron microscope ...) | 28 POC/cell [pg/#] (Scanning electron microscope ...) | 29 POC cont/cell std dev [±] (Scanning electron microscope ...) | 30 PIC/POC (Scanning electron microscope ...) | 31 PIC/POC ratio std dev [±] (Scanning electron microscope ...) | 32 Density [pg/µm3] (overall) | 33 Density std dev [±] (overall) | 34 Sinking V [nm/s] | 35 Sinking V std dev [±] | 36 Sinking V [m/day] | 37 Sinking V std dev [±] | 38 Sal | 39 Temp [°C] | 40 AT [µmol/kg] (beginning) | 41 DIC [µmol/kg] (beginning) | 42 pH (beginning, NBS scale) | 43 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (beginning) | 44 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (beginning) | 45 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (beginning) | 46 Omega Cal (beginning) | 47 AT [µmol/kg] (end) | 48 AT std dev [±] (end) | 49 DIC [µmol/kg] (end) | 50 DIC std dev [±] (end) | 51 pH (end, NBS scale) | 52 pH std dev [±] (end, NBS scale) | 53 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (end) | 54 pCO2 std dev [±] (end) | 55 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (end) | 56 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (end) | 57 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (end) | 58 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (end) | 59 Omega Cal (end) | 60 Omega Cal std dev [±] (end) | 61 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 62 pH (beginning, total scale, Calcu...) | 63 CO2 [µmol/kg] (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 64 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 65 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 66 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 67 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 68 DIC [µmol/kg] (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 69 Omega Arg (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 70 Omega Cal (beginning, Calculated using s...) | 71 pH (end, total scale, Calculated ...) | 72 CO2 [µmol/kg] (end, Calculated using seacarb...) | 73 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (end, Calculated using seacarb...) | 74 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (end, Calculated using seacarb...) | 75 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (end, Calculated using seacarb...) | 76 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (end, Calculated using seacarb...) | 77 DIC [µmol/kg] (end, Calculated using seacarb...) | 78 Omega Arg (end, Calculated using seacarb...) | 79 Omega Cal (end, Calculated using seacarb...) |
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laboratory | Emiliania huxleyi (phytoplankton) | 115104 | marinespecies.org | Control | 46.6 | 0.7 | 53.4 | 0.7 | 0.79 | 0.01 | 12.29 | 0.12 | 12.84 | 0.14 | 9.51 | 0.28 | 10.16 | 0.14 | 0.96 | 0.01 | 5.98 | 0.03 | 13 | 0 | 2.70 | 0.38 | 13.91 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 1.15 | 0.02 | 2020 | 292 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 30.5 | 15 | 2401 | 2144 | 8.20 | 387 | 1967 | 163 | 4.0 | 2215 | 10 | 1961 | 12 | 8.22 | 0.00 | 338 | 5 | 1792 | 12 | 156 | 1 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 26 | 8.08 | 15.20 | 395.64 | 397.07 | 2011.44 | 161.12 | 2187.76 | 2.51 | 3.95 | 8.10 | 13.26 | 345.06 | 346.31 | 1836.93 | 154.07 | 2004.26 | 2.40 | 3.78 |
laboratory | Emiliania huxleyi (phytoplankton) | 115104 | marinespecies.org | Ocean acidification at 900 µatm | 32.1 | 1.0 | 67.9 | 1.0 | 0.77 | 0.01 | 12.34 | 0.22 | 14.87 | 0.28 | 9.54 | 0.31 | 11.49 | 0.39 | 0.83 | 0.01 | 6.10 | 0.05 | 14 | 0 | 3.33 | 0.58 | 15.16 | 0.08 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 1.17 | 0.02 | 2448 | 403 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 30.5 | 15 | 2268 | 2156 | 7.86 | 879 | 2047 | 75 | 1.8 | 2092 | 11 | 1946 | 12 | 7.97 | 0.00 | 628 | 7 | 1834 | 12 | 89 | 0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 26 | 7.74 | 34.43 | 896.20 | 899.45 | 2081.72 | 76.19 | 2192.33 | 1.19 | 1.87 | 7.85 | 24.04 | 625.76 | 628.03 | 1872.75 | 88.31 | 1985.10 | 1.38 | 2.17 |
laboratory | Emiliania huxleyi (phytoplankton) | 115104 | marinespecies.org | Ocean acidification at 1400 µatm | 23.4 | 0.6 | 76.6 | 0.6 | 0.69 | 0.01 | 9.63 | 0.20 | 16.07 | 0.86 | 6.61 | 0.19 | 11.04 | 0.70 | 0.60 | 0.03 | 6.17 | 0.10 | 15 | 0 | 3.15 | 0.22 | 13.42 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 1.16 | 0.01 | 2288 | 156 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 30.5 | 15 | 2197 | 2140 | 7.68 | 1360 | 2039 | 50 | 1.2 | 2077 | 10 | 1988 | 15 | 7.80 | 0.02 | 935 | 41 | 1891 | 15 | 60 | 2 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 26 | 7.56 | 51.92 | 1351.68 | 1356.58 | 2073.69 | 50.13 | 2175.74 | 0.78 | 1.23 | 7.68 | 36.55 | 951.36 | 954.81 | 1924.47 | 61.34 | 2022.35 | 0.96 | 1.51 |
laboratory | Emiliania huxleyi (phytoplankton) | 115104 | marinespecies.org | Ocean warming at 20 °C | 38.1 | 2.2 | 61.9 | 2.2 | 1.04 | 0.03 | 9.81 | 0.50 | 10.76 | 0.23 | 8.78 | 1.96 | 11.15 | 0.16 | 0.91 | 0.06 | 5.66 | 0.05 | 13 | 0 | 3.84 | 0.45 | 9.82 | 0.23 | 0.39 | 0.04 | 1.23 | 0.02 | 3432 | 373 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 30.5 | 20 | 2395 | 2117 | 8.19 | 409 | 1925 | 178 | 4.4 | 2252 | 18 | 1990 | 22 | 8.17 | 0.01 | 411 | 14 | 1813 | 23 | 164 | 2 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 26 | 8.06 | 13.85 | 417.17 | 418.59 | 1958.80 | 181.23 | 2153.88 | 2.88 | 4.48 | 8.04 | 13.73 | 413.36 | 414.76 | 1853.47 | 163.76 | 2030.96 | 2.60 | 4.05 |
laboratory | Emiliania huxleyi (phytoplankton) | 115104 | marinespecies.org | Greeenhouse at 900 µatm CO2 and 20 °C | 30.9 | 1.0 | 69.1 | 1.0 | 1.01 | 0.05 | 10.30 | 0.10 | 12.50 | 0.64 | 10.30 | 2.03 | 12.40 | 1.50 | 0.80 | 0.00 | 5.95 | 0.08 | 14 | 0 | 4.19 | 0.41 | 10.64 | 0.21 | 0.39 | 0.03 | 1.22 | 0.02 | 3564 | 321 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 30.5 | 20 | 2255 | 2120 | 7.87 | 899 | 2002 | 89 | 2.2 | 2123 | 17 | 1973 | 19 | 7.92 | 0.01 | 752 | 21 | 1855 | 19 | 94 | 1 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 26 | 7.74 | 30.09 | 906.19 | 909.27 | 2035.78 | 90.12 | 2155.99 | 1.43 | 2.23 | 7.79 | 24.92 | 750.51 | 753.06 | 1891.83 | 93.97 | 2010.72 | 1.49 | 2.32 |
laboratory | Emiliania huxleyi (phytoplankton) | 115104 | marinespecies.org | Greeenhouse at 1400 µatm CO2 and 20 °C | 19.8 | 1.0 | 80.2 | 1.0 | 0.92 | 0.03 | 11.15 | 0.43 | 15.10 | 0.99 | 11.31 | 0.72 | 13.95 | 1.13 | 0.74 | 0.04 | 6.04 | 0.12 | 15 | 0 | 4.36 | 0.97 | 11.28 | 0.15 | 0.39 | 0.08 | 1.22 | 0.03 | 3648 | 745 | 0.32 | 0.06 | 30.5 | 20 | 2186 | 2119 | 7.66 | 1465 | 2016 | 55 | 1.4 | 2047 | 14 | 1942 | 20 | 7.78 | 0.02 | 1015 | 52 | 1840 | 21 | 69 | 3 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 26 | 7.53 | 49.14 | 1479.86 | 1484.90 | 2049.23 | 55.92 | 2154.29 | 0.89 | 1.38 | 7.65 | 34.18 | 1029.46 | 1032.96 | 1879.51 | 67.62 | 1981.31 | 1.07 | 1.67 |