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Kaneps, A; Millar, G; Fray, Charles (1965): Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits recovered from dredges and cores from RC09 Expedition stations [dataset]. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, New York, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.869133

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Abstract:
The cores and dredges described in this report were taken during the R/V Robert Conrad 9 Expedition from October 1964 until September 1965 by the Lamont Geological Observatory, Columbia University. An approximate total of 350 cores, dredges and camera stations were recovered and are available at Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory for sampling and study.
Related to:
Kaneps, A; Millar, G; Fray, Charles (1965): Robert Conrad Cruise 09 - preliminary megascopic descriptions of split cores. LDEO report, unpublished
Source:
Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
Further details:
Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -7.633053 * Median Longitude: -141.834484 * South-bound Latitude: -50.417000 * West-bound Longitude: 19.500000 * North-bound Latitude: 56.050000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.967000
Date/Time Start: 1964-10-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1965-08-31T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.00 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 167.40 m
Event(s):
RC09-1  * Latitude: 38.500000 * Longitude: -71.580000 * Date/Time: 1964-10-19T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2844.0 m * Recovery: 10.93 m * Campaign: RC09 * Basis: Robert Conrad * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)
RC09-1C  * Latitude: 32.317000 * Longitude: -77.633000 * Date/Time: 1964-10-21T00:00:00 * Elevation: -516.0 m * Location: Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: RC09 * Basis: Robert Conrad * Method/Device: Photo/Video (PV)
RC09-3RD  * Latitude: -24.683300 * Longitude: -115.466600 * Date/Time: 1965-02-24T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2308.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: RC09 * Basis: Robert Conrad * Method/Device: Dredge, rock (DRG_R)
Comment:
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Event labelEvent
Latitude of eventLatitude
Longitude of eventLongitude
Elevation of eventElevationm
Method/Device of eventMethod/Device
IdentificationID
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmGeocode
Depth, top/minDepth topm
Depth, bottom/maxDepth botm
10 PositionPositionVisual description
11 Deposit typeDeposit type
12 Quantity of depositQuantity
13 SizeSize
14 Substrate typeSubstrate
15 Sediment typeSediment
16 File nameFile name
17 Uniform resource locator/link to imageURL image
18 CommentComment
19 DescriptionDescription
Size:
2123 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Event

Latitude

Longitude

Elevation [m]

Method/Device

ID

Depth sed [m]

Depth top [m]

Depth bot [m]
10 
Position
11 
Deposit type
12 
Quantity
13 
Size
14 
Substrate
15 
Sediment
16 
File name
17 
URL image
18 
Comment
19 
Description
RC09-5 32.333-77.620-543Piston corerRC09-5-14.850.69.1In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayLight grayish-tan, silty clay. Firm. Low moisture content. No structureA few dark specks scattered throughout section may represent concentrations of manganese.
RC09-6 29.983-76.670-1326Piston corerRC09-6-13.752.05.5BuriedMn noduleSeveral1.0-4.0 cmSiltVery pale orange (10YR8/2), moderately sorted siltBetween 20 and 55 cm, manganese nodules from 1.0 to 4.0 cm long occur.
RC09-629.983-76.670-1326Piston corerRC09-6-22.750.05.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralSiltVery pale orange (10YR8/2), moderately sorted siltFine sand sized, subangular to subrounded quartz grains, ferromagnesian minerals, manganese micronodules, planktonic foraminifera and pteropods.
RC09-8 30.083-76.720-2538Piston corerRC09-8-12.550.05.1In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayExtremely hard foraminiferal clay, yellowish-gray (5Y7/2). No burrowing presentManganese micronodules rare.
RC09-830.083-76.720-2538Piston corerRC09-8-210.805.116.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayExtremely hard radiolarian and foraminiferal calcareous clay. Slight burrowing observedSome manganese micronodules present.
RC09-12 29.483-72.550-4958Piston corerRC09-12-13.952.35.6In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, pale to moderate yellowish-brown (10YR6/4), slightly foraminiferal, lustrous, mottled and bandedSilt sized manganese pellets make up 10%.
RC09-1229.483-72.550-4958Piston corerRC09-12-26.255.66.9In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, grayish-orange (10YR7/4) burrow mottled, poorly foraminiferal, lustrousManganese particles amount to 9%.
RC09-13 29.417-72.750-4735Piston corerRC09-13-11.750.03.5In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayForaminiferal clay , moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4) moderately burrowed. The carbonate content is approximately 60-70Micronodules of manganese occur as accessory component.
RC09-1329.417-72.750-4735Piston corerRC09-13-214.0011.916.1In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, olive gray (5Y4/1). Burrow mottling rareManganese occurs as specks and microlaminae (139 cm.) mixed with clay.
RC09-1329.417-72.750-4735Piston corerRC09-13-319.5516.123.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, light brownish-gray (5YR5/1), slightly burrowed. The carbonate content is about 25-30%. No foraminifera were detectedManganese micronodules are commonnly scattered throughout.
RC09-1329.417-72.750-4735Piston corerRC09-13-428.2527.029.5In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, light brownish-gray (5YR5/1. The carbonate content about 15-20%. No foraminifera were observedManganese micronodules and small patches of manganese-rich clay are fairly common.
RC09-26 21.683-95.370-2926Piston corerRC09-26-18.850.017.7In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay very pale orange (10YR8/2) with medium dark gray (Nl4) laminationsManganese (disseminated and micronodules) is mainly concentrated in the laminae.
RC09-29 24.850-90.950-3605Piston corerRC09-29-12.000.04.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, moderate yellowish brown (10YR5/4)The clay is laminated from 0-40 cm which is due to concentrations of manganese oxide micronodules.
RC09-2924.850-90.950-3605Piston corerRC09-29-22.000.04.0BuriedMn coatingFewForaminiferaClayClay, moderate yellowish brown (10YR5/4)Some of the foraminifera tests are coated or filled with manganese oxide.
RC09-30 25.050-88.980-3477Piston corerRC09-30-13.900.07.8In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayCalcareous clay, pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2) lightening to grayish-yellow (5Y8/4) near the bottom contact. Moist and texturally uniform, mottled by worm burrowsConcentrations of disseminated manganese occurring in small point-like inclusions randomly oriented strings and indistinct layers.
RC09-3025.050-88.980-3477Piston corerRC09-30-29.207.810.6BuriedMn coatingSeveralConsolidated sedimentClayClay, light olive gray (5Y5/2), moist, texturally and chromatically uniform. Faintly burrow mottledDarkened in areas of manganese concentration with some irregular nodules of the underlying clay occurring near the lower boundary.
RC09-3025.050-88.980-3477Piston corerRC09-30-358.5517.0100.1In sedimentMn rich layerSeveralClayClay, light olive gray (5Y5/2), homogeneous in color, texture and compositionThroughout the section, thin layers of silt and manganese oocur, indistinct in some areas but usually sharply distinct.
RC09-31 23.733-86.080-3466Piston corerRC09-31-1114.8550.1179.6In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayRed clay, brownish gray (5YR4/1). Moist, homogeneous in color and texture. The clay is structureless, except for thin, silty layers and inclusions of calcareous clay, both occurring at random intervalsThe silt layers are composed of manganese micronodules, mica flakes, angular quartz grains and minor mafics.
RC09-35 20.050-79.850-2745Piston corerRC09-35-1114.0086.5141.5In sedimentMn micronoduleManyOozeForaminifera ooze, very pale orange (10YR8/2) to light brown (5YR6/4), heterogeneous in texture, poorly compacted, and plastic. Carbonate content highManganese micronodules concentrated in layers at 865-885, 986, 1013, 1031-1040, 1105-1112, 1280-1282, 1361-1370, and 1405-1415 cm.
RC09-39 19.733-67.170-8372Piston corerRC09-39-11.300.02.6BuriedMn noduleSeveralClayClay, moderate brown (5YR4/4), burrowed. Burrowed basal contactManganese nodules present.
RC09-3919.733-67.170-8372Piston corerRC09-39-282.6078.786.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, moderate yellowish-brown to dusky brown, with laminae of silt presentManganese micronodules occur.
RC09-41 19.850-65.870-8337Piston corerRC09-41-153.2053.253.2In sedimentMn rich layer1ClayClay, light olive gray, with an upper burrowed zone (4 cm)A 2 mm of manganese-rich fine sand at the base.
RC09-42 19.767-66.470-8366Piston corerRC09-42-125.2025.225.2In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, pale yellowish-brownManganese-rich laminae (1 mm) composed mainly of micronodules.
RC09-4219.767-66.470-8366Piston corerRC09-42-229.3527.930.8In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2)Many laminae (1 mm) rich in manganese micronodules.
RC09-43 19.500-66.770-7908Piston corerRC09-43-158.6058.458.8In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, light olive gray, to fine sandWith manganese micronodules, burrowed.
RC09-4319.500-66.770-7908Piston corerRC09-43-281.7081.082.4In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, olive gray to light olive gray, burrowedContains specks of manganese.
RC09-45 14.450-65.530-4674Piston corerRC09-45-138.250.076.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, grayish green (5Y5/2) which is almost completely altered to dusky yellow (5Y6/4). Homogeneous in texture, poorly compacted, and plasticLaminae due to presence of manganese micronodules.
RC09-4514.450-65.530-4674Piston corerRC09-45-296.5077.6115.4In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, grayish green (5Y5/2)Laminae due to concentrations of manganese micro-nodules found at 820-823, 968-970, and 1088-1090 cm.
RC09-47 13.167-56.350-4742Piston corerRC09-47-125.550.051.1In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay light brown (5YR6/4) grading into grayish orange (10YR7/4), homogeneous, poorly compacted, and plasticLaminae due to manganese micronodule concentrations found at 240-245 , 340-352, 370, 374-377, and 390-392 cm.
RC09-4713.167-56.350-4742Piston corerRC09-47-252.0551.153.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralSandSand, dusky yellow (5Y6/4) grading down to yellowish gray (5Y7/2) with a dark yellowish brown (10YR4/2) band from 519-520 cm. Heterogeneous in texture, unconsolidated, and crumblThe whole section is a graded bed of quartz sand with a dark band of manganese micronodules.
RC09-4713.167-56.350-4742Piston corerRC09-47-357.0053.061.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay dark yellowish brown (10YR4/2)Manganese micronodule laminae found from 540 to 552 cm.
RC09-48 8.900-57.150-2842Piston corerRC09-48-13.901.36.5In sedimentMn micronoduleFewOozeForaminifera ooze, grayish orange pink (5YR7/2) to dark yellowish brown (10YR4/2). Light gray (N7) mottling from 13 cm to 65 cm. Homogeneous in texture, poorly compacted, and plasticManganese micronodules and magnetite present in negligible amounts from 13 to 65 cm.
RC09-49 11.184-58.585-1851Piston corerRC09-49-16.500.013.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralOozeForaminifera ooze, pale yellowish brown (10YR6/4)Laminae due to concentrations of manganese micronodules found from 0 to 130 cm.
RC09-51 13.483-65.950-4828Piston corerRC09-51-158.550.0117.1In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, dark yellowish brown (10YR4/2) to dusky yellow green (5GY5/2) which is extensively altered to light olive gray (5Y6/1) to 1171 om. Homogeneous, poorly compacted, and plasticManganese micronodules concentrated in top 12 cm of core with other micronodules disseminated as black speckling throughout the rest of the core.
RC09-53 14.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-11.600.03.2In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayForaminiferal clay, moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4). Slight burrowing presentManganese micronodules few to moderately common.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-24.253.25.3In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayForaminiferal clay, grayish-orange (10YR7/4). Moderately well burrowed becoming well burrowed toward the bottomManganese micronodules common.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-35.855.36.4In sedimentMn micronoduleManySandLaminated foraminiferal sand, foraminiferal clay and fine sand, grayish-orange (10YR7/4)Manganese micronodules very common in the clay laminae.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-412.3510.813.9In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, dusky yellow (5Y6/4). Burrowing common. A thin lense of foraminifera occurs at 134 cmManganese micronodules common.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-523.0016.829.2In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayForaminiferal clay, dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6) becoming darker in color below 270 cm. Burrowing commonManganese micronodules few.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-637.2533.740.8In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayForaminiferal clay, dusky yellow (5Y6/4) . Burrow tracks present in the top 4 cm. but absent below thatManganese micronodules present.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-741.6040.842.4In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6). Burrowing present in the top 5 cm.; sporadic below thatManganese micronodules common.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-866.4054.078.8In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayAlternating zones of well burrowed clay overlying thin zones of fine sandManganese micronodules present in the clay zone.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-986.4078.894.0In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayAlternating zone of well and poorly burrowed clay, light olive-gray (5Y5/2)Manganese micronodules few to common.
RC09-5314.217-71.080-4067Piston corerRC09-53-1095.6594.097.3In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayLaminated clay, light olive-gray (SY5/2). Lamina tend to be less than 1 cm. thick. No burrowingManganese micronodules few to common.
RC09-68 -1.333-81.270-1721Piston corerRC09-68-111.750.023.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralMarlForaminiferal sandy marl, grayish olive green (5GY2/2), homogeneous, moist, slightly burrowed, and very firmCoarse fraction varies between 10% to 20%, and is composed of foraminifera, echinoid spines, rare sponge spicules, quartz, mica, manganese micronodules
RC09-69 -2.633-82.770-2959Piston corerRC09-69-148.350.096.7In sedimentMn micronoduleFewOozeClayish foraminifera ooze, pale olive (10Y6/2). Moist, firm, compact. Grades to and mottled by dusky yellow (5Y6/4) clay. Carbonate content is moderate grading to high in the sandy layersManganese occurs as micro-nodules disseminated in the clay, and represents approximately 2-3% of the observable coarse fraction.
RC09-70 -5.617-85.630-3981Piston corerRC09-70-10.250.00.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, grayish brown (5YR3/2) compact and plastic. Composition homogeneousMinor sand fraction consisting of radiolaria, manganese micronodules, sponge spicules.
RC09-70-5.617-85.630-3981Piston corerRC09-70-213.750.527.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2) becoming slightly darker near bottom. Compact and plastic. Particle size distribution non homogeneous, becoming slightly more sandy from 90cm to 120 cmSand consists of broken foraminifera tests, radiolaria, sponge spicules, manganese micronodules and small brown mineral particles.
RC09-70-5.617-85.630-3981Piston corerRC09-70-331.0027.035.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, yellowish gray (5Y7/2) becoming slightly darker from 320 cm to bottom of section. Compact, plastic, and homogeneous. Carbonate content highModerate sand fraction consisting of foraminifera tests, radiolaria, echinoid spines, and manganese micronodules.
RC09-70-5.617-85.630-3981Piston corerRC09-70-459.9058.561.3BuriedMn crust1ClayClay, yellowish gray (5Y7/2) becoming slightly darker from 320 cm to bottom of section. Compact, plastic, and homogeneous. Carbonate content highManganese nodules blade (Nl) broken, loosely compacted and crumbling. Fragment sizes very from sand size through pebble size.
RC09-70-5.617-85.630-3981Piston corerRC09-70-586.3061.3111.3In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayClay, light olive gray (5Y5/2) grading into pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2) plastic, semi-compacted, crumbly. Burrow mottling evident for most of lengthMinor sand fraction consisting of volcanic glass, radiolaria, foraminifera, and manganese micronodules.
RC09-73 -10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-10.000.00.0BuriedMn nodule1ClaySilty clay, pale yellotissh-brown (10YR6/2), burrow mottledA manganese nodule at the top.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-29.309.39.3BuriedMn nodule11.0 cmClaySilty clay to clayey silt, mottled yellowish-gray (5Y7/2) and light olive-gray (5Y5/2). Much burrowing throughoutSingle manganese oxide nodule 1 cm diameter at 93 cm.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-330.6030.630.6BuriedMn nodule11.0 cmClayLayer of abundant radiolaria and a lesser amount of diatoms mixed with silty clayManganese oxide nodule about 1 cm. diameter at 306 cm.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-431.9531.332.6BuriedMn noduleSeveral2.0-7.0 cmClaySilty clayLarge manganese oxide nodule about 7 cm. in diameter, overlain by several smaller manganese oxide nodules 2-3 cm. in diameter.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-553.3052.054.6BuriedMn noduleSeveral4.0-6.0 cmClaySilty clay, mottledManganese nodules. All were fractured during coring, but the fragments indicate that some were at least 4-6 cm. in diameter.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-6135.20118.7151.7BuriedMn noduleSeveralClaySilty clay, yellowish-gray (5Y8/1) and grayish-orange (10YR8/2) with pockets, micro laminations and burrows of pale yellowish-brown (10YR6/2)Manganese nodules.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-7135.20118.7151.7In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClaySilty clay, yellowish-gray (5Y8/1) and grayish-orange (10YR8/2) with pockets, micro laminations and burrows of pale yellowish-brown (10YR6/2)Manganese micronodules are scattered throughout the layer, increasing toward the bottom.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-8167.40151.7183.1BuriedMn noduleSeveralClaySilty clay, pale yellowish-brown (10YR/2) to dark yellowish-brown (10YRL/2)Silty pockets and manganese nodules are scattered throughout the layer.
RC09-73-10.720-81.870-4352Piston corerRC09-73-9167.40151.7183.1In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClaySilty clay, pale yellowish-brown (10YR/2) to dark yellowish-brown (10YRL/2)The silt fraction is mostly composed of manganese micronodules. The manganese content increases towards the bottom of the layer, thus the clay matrix darkens.
RC09-74 -12.900-80.470-4563Piston corerRC09-74-1144.90136.5153.3In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClaySilty and sandy, manganiferous clay, generally dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2), compact and crumbly, but plasticCoarse fraction makes up approximately 5% of sediment and consists essentially of fine grained volcanic glass shards with abundant manganese micronodules.
RC09-75 -14.550-79.330-4437Piston corerRC09-75-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn nodule16.0 cmClaySilty clay (""red clay""), dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6), faint burrow mottling, firm but plastic and sticky to the touchManganese oxide nodule 6 cm. in diameter in cutting edge.
RC09-75-14.550-79.330-4437Piston corerRC09-75-22.902.92.9BuriedMn noduleSeveral1.0-3.0 cmClaySilty clay (""red clay""), dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6), faint burrow mottling, firm but plastic and sticky to the touchManganese nodules averaging 1-3 cm. in diameter at 29-29 cm.
RC09-75-14.550-79.330-4437Piston corerRC09-75-36.506.16.9BuriedMn noduleSeveral1.0-3.0 cmClaySilty clay (""red clay""), dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6), faint burrow mottling, firm but plastic and sticky to the touchAbundant nodules of manganese oxide averaging 1-3 cm. in diameter at 61-69 cm.
RC09-75-14.550-79.330-4437Piston corerRC09-75-410.708.413.0BuriedMn noduleSeveral1.0-3.0 cmClaySilty clay (""red clay""), dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6), faint burrow mottling, firm but plastic and sticky to the touchAbundant nodules of manganese oxide averaging 1-3 cm. in diameter scattered throughout remainder of core below 84 cm.
RC09-75-14.550-79.330-4437Piston corerRC09-75-512.0011.612.4SurfaceMn nodule18.0 cmClaySilty clay (""red clay""), dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6), faint burrow mottling, firm but plastic and sticky to the touchLarge manganese oxide nodule, 8 cm. in diameter, at 116-124 cm. (fractured during splitting, concentric banding is evident).
RC09-77 -18.000-79.150-2908Piston corerRC09-77-138.1513.063.3In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralOozeCalcareous foraminiferal ooze, white (N9) to pinkish gray (5YR8/1). Sediment is very compact and has a smooth surface textureSpeckled throughout with black material (manganese oxide?)
RC09-83 -21.330-73.900-4332Piston corerRC09-83-10.500.01.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayManganese clay, moderate brown (5YR4/4). The carbonate content is less than 2%Manganese micronodules comprise about 10-15% of sediment.
RC09-83-21.330-73.900-4332Piston corerRC09-83-21.051.01.1In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayManganese clay, moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4). The carbonate content is also very low (less then 1%)The first cm. (top of layer) consist of fragmented manganese material mixed with clay (about 60%). Manganese fragments (less than 1 mm.) comprise about 15% of the sediment.
RC09-83-21.330-73.900-4332Piston corerRC09-83-33.503.33.7BuriedMn nodule1ClayManganese clay, moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4)Manganese nodule, dusky brown (5YR2/2), cross cut by clayish veins similar to overlying layer.
RC09-83-21.330-73.900-4332Piston corerRC09-83-48.653.713.6In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayManganese clay, pale yellowish-brown (10YR7/2), abundantly burrowed. The carbonate content is still less than 1%Manganese micronodules and small patches are commonly scattered throughout.
RC09-3RD -24.683-115.467-2308Dredge, rockRC09-3RD-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn crust2Cobble;basaltDredge material consisted of one large (~40 cm) and 10-15 smaller (~10 cm) rounded cobbles of olivine basalt. Olivine phenocrysts visible under the microscope. The cobbles generally are covered with an efflorescent growth of MnO2.
RC09-86 -23.550-72.480-4208Piston corerRC09-86-110.750.021.5In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, moderate yellowish brown (10YR5/4) to about 250 cm, light brownish gray (5YR6/1) to 1170cm and dark yellowish brown (10YR4/2). Homogeneous, poorly compacted, plastic, and structurelessFrom 0 to 25 and 180 to 215 cm due to large concentrations of manganese micronodules.
RC09-87 -23.100-76.350-4508Piston corerRC09-87-11.050.02.1In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayClay, moderate brown (5YR3/4) moist, firm, oompact. Mottling by calcareous clay increases toward the lower contact. Carbonate, contents is low to moderateFaint specks of manganese visible.
RC09-88 -22.620-80.250-4243Piston corerRC09-88-144.0044.044.0BuriedMn noduleSeveralClayForaminiferal oozeA layer of foraminiferal ooze and manganese nodules occurs at 440 cm.
RC09-88-22.620-80.250-4243Piston corerRC09-88-268.0067.069.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayCalcareous clay, grayish orange (10YR8/4) grading to very pale orange (10YR8/2). Firm, semi-moist, generally uniform in color, texture and compositionA gray-brown layer of indurated clay occurs, composed of manganese micronodules, sub-angular to rounded quartz grains and occasional planktonic foraminifera. Carbonate content in this layer is low.
RC09-89 -22.450-81.050-4422Piston corerRC09-89-113.0512.813.3In sedimentMn micronoduleFewSandForaminifera sand, very pale orange (10YR8/2). Uniform, unconsolidated, crumbly, and structureless. Very high carbonate contentMinor manganese micronodules and quartz grains.
RC09-90 -21.780-87.220-4217Piston corerRC09-90-139.500.079.0In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayClay (red clay), moderate brown (5YR3/4) at top grading to grayish brown (5YR3/2 ) at the base. The sediment is very homogeneous and uniform top to bottom, grading from soft to firmCoarse fraction in sediment appears to be nil or very slight, consisting mainly of silt size, disseminated manganese oxide, amounting to not more than 1%.
RC09-90-21.780-87.220-4217Piston corerRC09-90-293.2579.0107.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralOozeCoccolith and discoaster ooze, ranging from very pale orange (10YR8/2) to pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2)Speckled throughout with manganese, and yellowish, indurated, ferruginous material.
RC09-91 -21.430-90.970-4094Piston corerRC09-91-10.450.00.9In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay. Fairly calcareous, moderate brown (5YR/4) containing appreciable amount of manganeseCoarse fraction contains fine sand sized manganese micronodules and iron stained quartz grains which account for about 1% of the material.
RC09-91-21.430-90.970-4094Piston corerRC09-91-22.200.93.5In sedimentMn micronoduleFewOozeVery calcareous white (N9) to very light gray (N8) coccolith oozeContains a minor amount of planktonic foraminifera and manganese micronodules.
RC09-91-21.430-90.970-4094Piston corerRC09-91-34.553.55.6In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay. Fairly calcareous light brown (5YR6/4) to moderate brown (5Y4/4) with a minor content of planktonic foraminifera. Moderate manganese contentCoarse fraction contains silt to medium sand sized manganese micronodules and dark minerals which account for less than 1% of sample.
RC09-91-21.430-90.970-4094Piston corerRC09-91-47.355.69.1In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayClay. Grayish orange pink (5YR7/2) to light brown (5YR6/4), fairly calcareous, with extensive burrowing throughout the sectionCoarse fraction consists of a very minor amount of manganese micronodules.
RC09-92 -21.150-94.500-4122Piston corerRC09-92-10.150.00.3In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay (red day). Slightly calcareous, moderate brown (5YR3/4) manganese richCoarse fraction contains silt to medium sand sized manganese micronodules which comprise less than 1% of the material.
RC09-92-21.150-94.500-4122Piston corerRC09-92-21.500.32.7In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay. Fairly calcareous, light brown (5YR6/4) to very pale orange (10YR8/2)Coarse fraction contains silt to medium sand sized planktonic foraminifera and manganese micronodules and dark minerals
RC09-94 -20.320-102.200-3939Piston corerRC09-94-120.150.040.3In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay (red clay), moderate brown (5YR2/4) with dark yellowish orange (10YR6/6) secondary oxidation stainsRadiolarians constitute about 50% of the coarse fraction, with manganese micronodules and volcanic glass fragments.
RC09-95 -22.300-109.700-3660Piston corerRC09-95-122.250.044.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayCalcareous clay. Very calcareous, pale brown (5YR5/2) to very pale orange (10YR8/2) with high manganese contentCoarse fraction contains silt to fine sand sized manganese micronodules and mafic minerals.
RC09-95-22.300-109.700-3660Piston corerRC09-95-247.2544.550.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClaySilty clay. Mildly calcareous, grayish brown (5YR3/2), high manganese content, foraminifera decrease in amount towards bottom of sectionCoarse fraction contains manganese micronodules of silt size and mafic minerals of fine sand size, and iron stained quartz of silt to fine sand size.
RC09-95-22.300-109.700-3660Piston corerRC09-95-350.5550.051.1In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClaySilty clay. Slightly calcareous, light olive brown (5Y5/6) which grades into an arenite towards the bottom of the section. High manganese contenCoarse fraction contains silt to medium sand sized manganese micronodules, mafic minerals, and iron stained quartz grains.
RC09-95-22.300-109.700-3660Piston corerRC09-95-452.0551.153.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay. Brownish black (5YR2/1), high manganese content and mafic mineral content. Slightly calcareous. No laminationsCoarse fraction consists entirely of silt sized manganese micronodules and black mafic minerals.
RC09-95-22.300-109.700-3660Piston corerRC09-95-553.7553.054.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayVery silty clay. Poorly consolidated dusky brown (5YR2/2) to light brown (5YR6/4), extremely silty clay with pellets and nodules of obsidian. The largest of these nodules measures 20 mm in diameterManganese micronodules and mafic minerals are present in the coarse fraction as silt sized particles.
RC09-96 -22.780-111.000-3577Piston corerRC09-96-12.300.04.6In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClaySilty clay, fairly calcareous, pale brown (5YR5/2) with a substantial content of planktonic foraminifera.Coarse fraction, contains fine to medium sand sized manganese micronodueles and dark minerals.
RC09-99 -24.600-115.500-2681Piston corerRC09-99-15.400.010.8In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayManganese clay (red clay), moderate brown (5YR4/4). The carbonate content is approximately 40% and the foraminifera content about 25-30%.Manganese micronodules are abundantly (25%) scattered throughout.
RC09-100 -25.570-117.600-642Piston corerRC09-100-16.503.010.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralGravelGravel, sandy, unconsolidated, ferruginous, foraminifera and pteropod-bearing, moderate brown clay (5YR4/4)Quartz, magnetite, hematite, manganese and iron oxide micronodules, and rock fragments are among the components of the sand fraction.
RC09-100-25.570-117.600-642Piston corerRC09-100-26.503.010.0BuriedMn coatingSeveralPebbleGravelGravel, sandy, unconsolidated, ferruginous, foraminifera and pteropod-bearing, moderate brown clay (5YR4/4)Pebble-sized gravel is angular, averages about 10 nm in diameter, and consists of clay and silt particles cemented with iron oxide
RC09-100-25.570-117.600-642Piston corerRC09-100-34.454.24.7BuriedMn crust1Consolidated sedimentGravelGravel, sandy, unconsolidated, ferruginous, foraminifera and pteropod-bearing, moderate brown clay (5YR4/4)A large gravel-sized crust of clay cemented with manganese and iron oxides occurs at 42-47 cm.
RC09-102 -26.380-119.900-3442Piston corerRC09-102-11.200.02.4In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayCalcareous clay. Moderate yellowish brown (10YR5/4): fairly calcareousContains manganese micronodules.
RC09-104 -27.430-123.400-3632Piston corerRC09-104-13.750.07.5In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayClay. Grayish brown (5YR3/2), mildly calcareous at top of section, becoming more calcareous towards the bottom of the section because of introduction of foraminifera by burrowing.Coarse fraction consists entirely of black silt particles, probably manganese micronodules, which account for less than 1% of the material.
RC09-109 -45.130-174.600-3502Piston corerRC09-109-14.000.08.0BuriedMn coatingSeveralCobbleArenitePoorly sorted silt to cobble sized arenite.The larger elastics, gravel and cobble size, appear to be subangular basalt fragments, some of which are coated with a crust of manganese.
RC09-111 -39.850-168.800-4777Piston corerRC09-111-19.259.09.5BuriedMn noduleSeveralLargeClayClay, pale brown (5YR5/2) with extensive secondary alteration to dark yellowish orange (10YR6/6). Homogeneous, poorly compacted, and plasticLarge manganese nodules found from 90 to 95 cm.
RC09-111-39.850-168.800-4777Piston corerRC09-111-238.052.873.3In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, pale brown (5YR5/2) with extensive secondary alteration to dark yellowish orange (10YR6/6). Homogeneous, poorly compacted, and plasticManganese micronodules found throughout.
RC09-113 -36.720-167.100-4751Piston corerRC09-113-124.100.048.2In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay. Slightly calcareous pale brown (5YR5/2) with volcanic ash layers, very light gray (N8) in color and the two top layers contain dark gray (N3) laminaeThe ash layers contain several dark minerals including manganese micronodules with the amount of dark minerals substantially more in the dark gray laminae.
RC09-114 -33.680-165.100-5453Piston corerRC09-114-151.600.0103.2In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayClay. Slightly calcareous pale brown (5YR5/2) with volcanic ash layers, very light gray (N8) in color with clay to silt sized grainsThe coarse fraction contains fine sand sized manganese micronodules which amount to less than 1% of the sample.
RC09-115 -31.380-163.700-5376Piston corerRC09-115-138.2038.238.2BuriedMn nodule12.0 cmClayClay. Moderate brown (5YR4/4). Coarse fraction contains fine sand sized quartz grains amounting to less than 1% of sampleOne ferruginous nodule about 2.0 cm in diameter was found at 382 cm.
RC09-115-31.380-163.700-5376Piston corerRC09-115-253.700.0107.4In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay. Moderate brown (5YR4/4). Coarse fraction contains fine sand sized quartz grains amounting to less than 1% of sampleContain fine and medium sand sized quartz grains and manganese micronodules and dark minerals with a minor amount of silty clay matrix.
RC09-116 -28.850-164.400-5448Piston corerRC09-116-152.0052.052.0BuriedMn noduleSeveralClayClay, ranging in color from pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2), dark yellowish brown (I10YR4/2 ) to grayish orange (10YR/4)Manganese nodules are are prominent at 520 cm.
RC09-116-28.850-164.400-5448Piston corerRC09-116-275.5075.575.5BuriedMn noduleSeveralClayClay, ranging in color from pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2), dark yellowish brown (I10YR4/2 ) to grayish orange (10YR/4)Manganese nodules are are prominent at 755 cm.
RC09-116-28.850-164.400-5448Piston corerRC09-116-377.8077.877.8BuriedMn noduleSeveralClayClay, ranging in color from pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2), dark yellowish brown (I10YR4/2 ) to grayish orange (10YR/4)Manganese nodules are are prominent at 778 cm.
RC09-116-28.850-164.400-5448Piston corerRC09-116-452.550.0105.1In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, ranging in color from pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2), dark yellowish brown (I10YR4/2 ) to grayish orange (10YR/4)Fragmented radiolarian and diatoms with abundant manganese micronodules. Clay consolidated where concentration of micronodules is highest.
RC09-119 -23.380-172.000-5693Piston corerRC09-119-188.0088.088.0BuriedMn nodule1ClayClay, slightly calcareous, pale brown (5XR5/2), with a coarse fraction containing volcanic glass, sponge spicules anid radiolariansA black nodule occurs at 880 cm.
RC09-119-23.380-172.000-5693Piston corerRC09-119-290.9090.091.8BuriedMn noduleSeveralClayClay, slightly calcareous, pale brown (5XR5/2), with a coarse fraction containing volcanic glass, sponge spicules anid radiolariansPale yellowish orange (102R8/6) and black burrows and nodules occur between 900-918 cm and gives a positive test for iron.
RC09-123 -26.570174.670-4244Piston corerRC09-123-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn nodule1ClayClay, moderate brown (5YR4/4) and moderate yellowish brown (10YR5/4)Manganese nodule, grayish brown (5YR3/2). Coring tube went through larger nodule
RC09-123-26.570174.670-4244Piston corerRC09-123-219.250.538.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, moderate brown (5YR4/4) and moderate yellowish brown (10YR5/4)Small silt fraction consisting of manganese micronodules, iron nodules, angular quartz grains and few biotite flakes.
RC09-124 -28.750172.600-2540Piston corerRC09-124-125.700.051.4In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayCalcareous clay grayish orange (10YR7/4) for top half of core grading into very pale orange (10YR8/2) to bottom.Small amount of manganese micronodules present.
RC09-125 -31.450170.220-4125Piston corerRC09-125-15.053.56.6BuriedMn crustSeveralFragment; consolidated sedimentClayCalcareous clay, dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2) fairly compact, intensely burrowedSome fragments show a manganese crust.
RC09-131 -45.980156.900-4603Piston corerRC09-131-17.654.211.1In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2), compact but crumbly and plasticSand fraction makes up less than 1% of sediment and consists of manganese micronodules and very rare foraminifera tests and fragments.
RC09-131-45.980156.900-4603Piston corerRC09-131-211.3011.111.5BuriedMn crust1Consolidated sedimentClayClay, dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2), compact but crumbly and plasticBlack, horizontally fissile manganese oxide crust.
RC09-1 38.500-71.580-2844Piston corerRC09-1BT-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveral5.0 cmClayPale brown clayMost samples consists of manganese nodules (5 cm diameter) and organic material.
RC09-132 -44.780152.800-4709Piston corerRC09-132-12.000.04.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayForaminiferal clay, grayish-orange (10YR7/4), burrowed. The carbonate content is about 35-40%, fine grained foraminifera approximate 20%Manganese micronodules comprise about 5-7% of sediment.
RC09-132-44.780152.800-4709Piston corerRC09-132-29.909.99.9BuriedMn nodule1ClayClay, dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6), slightly burrowed.Manganese nodule. Patches of manganese occur also at 99 cm. (top), 109 cm., and 150 cm.
RC09-132-44.780152.800-4709Piston corerRC09-132-320.5020.021.0BuriedMn nodule1ClayClay, rich in manganese, pale yellowish-brown (10YR5/2), burrowed.Manganese nodule.
RC09-132-44.780152.800-4709Piston corerRC09-132-436.0533.039.1In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6)Manganese micronodules are common throughout.
RC09-134 -44.080143.780-4570Piston corerRC09-134-150.0050.050.0BuriedMn coating1Consolidated sedimentClayClay, yellowish-gray to light olive-gray, burrowedA piece of oxidized (dark reddish-brown-10YR3/4) mud ball, richer in iron oxide and manganese and 2 cm in diameter occurs at 500 cm. This mud ball is coated with manganese.
RC09-134-44.080143.780-4570Piston corerRC09-134-275.5568.382.8In sedimentMn micronoduleManyOozeA compact, dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6) diatom and coccolith oozeMany specks of manganese and subvertical tracks filled with manganese.
RC09-139 -47.770123.100-4158Piston corerRC09-139-145.3544.546.2BuriedMn crust1ClayDiatomaceous and foraminiferal clayManganese crust, black
RC09-139-47.770123.100-4158Piston corerRC09-139-246.6546.247.1BuriedMn crustSeveralFragmentSandManganese and brown sand, poorly sortedWith large pieces of manganese.
RC09-141 -44.300120.100-4658Piston corerRC09-141-13.200.85.6In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayForaminiferal clay, very pale orange (10YR8/2), moderately burrowed. The carbonate content is about 75% and foraminifera content approximately 35-40%Occasional micronodules of manganese occur.
RC09-141-44.300120.100-4658Piston corerRC09-141-216.055.626.5In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4), moderately burrowed. The carbonate content is less than 35% and the foraminifera content does not exceed 20%Manganese micronodules seem to be fairly abundant.
RC09-141-44.300120.100-4658Piston corerRC09-141-327.0027.027.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayForaminiferal clay, very pale orange (10YR8/2). Burrowed lamina of diatomaceous ooze and burrowed laminae (0.5 cm. thick) of manganese clayContaining mainly micronodules of manganese mixed with calcareous clay occur respectively at 270 cm.
RC09-141-44.300120.100-4658Piston corerRC09-141-431.1031.131.1In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayForaminiferal clay, very pale orange (10YR8/2). Burrowed lamina of diatomaceous ooze and burrowed laminae (0.5 cm. thick) of manganese clayContaining mainly micronodules of manganese mixed with calcareous clay occur respectively at 311 cm.
RC09-142 -42.720116.900-4294Piston corerRC09-142-133.509.557.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, pale yellowish-brown (10YR6/2) to grayish-brown (5YR3/2), characterized by intense burrow mottling throughoutManganese micronodules distributed throughout the layer, though more abundantly in the dark zones.
RC09-142-42.720116.900-4294Piston corerRC09-142-273.7557.590.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, between pale yellowish-brown and moderate yellowish-brown (10YR6/2-10YR5/4). Contains approximately 20% carbonate. Foraminifera rare or absentManganese micronodules common.
RC09-143 -41.370114.130-4396Piston corerRC09-143-19.007.210.8In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralOozeForaminiferal ooze, intensely burrowed. Color ranges from white (N9) to pale yellowish-brown (10YR6/2)Manganese micronodules common in the silt fraction.
RC09-143-41.370114.130-4396Piston corerRC09-143-275.0070.080.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayVery intensely burrowed sediment ranging from moderately calcareous clay (approximately 30% carbonate) to non-calcareous clay (red clay)30% manganese micronodules
RC09-143-41.370114.130-4396Piston corerRC09-143-395.0090.0100.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayVery intensely burrowed sediment ranging from moderately calcareous clay (approximately 30% carbonate) to non-calcareous clay (red clay)20-30% manganese micronodules
RC09-143-41.370114.130-4396Piston corerRC09-143-4103.00100.0106.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayVery intensely burrowed sediment ranging from moderately calcareous clay (approximately 30% carbonate) to non-calcareous clay (red clay)10% to 20% manganese micronodules.
RC09-144 -39.780111.380-4418Piston corerRC09-144-19.303.115.5In sedimentMn micronoduleManyUp to 0.1 cmOozeClayish foraminiferal ooze, compact, burrow mottled, moderate brown (5YR4/4), slightly silty, manganiferousDark silty and sandy manganese oxide particles. To the surface, these particles frequently form grayish-black specks that are less than 1 mm wide. The particles comprise roughly 15% of the total.
RC09-144-39.780111.380-4418Piston corerRC09-144-222.2515.529.0In sedimentMn micronoduleMany0.2-0.3 cmClayClay, foraminiferal, conpact, moderate brown (5YR3.5/4) burrow mottled, slightly silty, manganiferousDark concentrations of manganese oxide 2-3 mm in diameter speckle the layer. Silt-sized and sand-sized manganese particles make up 15%.
RC09-144-39.780111.380-4418Piston corerRC09-144-333.5029.038.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, slightly foraminiferal, burrow mottled, moderate brown (5YR3/4), compact, slightly silty and sandy, manganiferousSilty and sandy manganese particles also form about 15%.
RC09-144-39.780111.380-4418Piston corerRC09-144-443.0042.943.1BuriedMn nodule1ClayClay, sparsely foraminiferal, slightly burrow mottled, compact, dark reddish-brown (10R2/4), slightly silty, manganiferousAt base of layer at 429-431 cm. is a partially fragmented manganese nodule.
RC09-144-39.780111.380-4418Piston corerRC09-144-540.5538.043.1In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, sparsely foraminiferal, slightly burrow mottled, compact, dark reddish-brown (10R2/4), slightly silty, manganiferousSilty and sandy manganese particles make up 15%.
RC09-148 -29.680113.700-2056Piston corerRC09-148-11.950.03.9In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralOozeClayish foraminiferal ooze, compact, silty and sandy, burrow mottledContains scattered dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2) concentrations of manganese dioxide particles.
RC09-149 -29.930113.520-4334Piston corerRC09-149-13.750.07.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayVery compact foraminiferal clay, pinkish-gray (5YR8/1)Some burrowing present, especially in the top 12 cm. Manganese micronodules common.
RC09-151 -30.770114.380-2543Piston corerRC09-151-14.800.09.6In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayForaminiferal and pteropod clay, grayish-orange (10YR7/4) and very pale orange (10YR8/2)Manganese micronodules few. Many foraminifera and fragments of pteropods.
RC09-152 -30.370112.270-4868Piston corerRC09-152-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralPebble; basaltClayClay, grayish-orange (10YR7/4) firm and compact with slight variation in color ranging from 10YR8/4 to 10YR6/4 (shades of grayish-orange).Friable pebbles (basalt-like) with a metallic and manganese coating are present in the flow.
RC09-152-30.370112.270-4868Piston corerRC09-152-226.250.052.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, grayish-orange (10YR7/4) firm and compact with slight variation in color ranging from 10YR8/4 to 10YR6/4 (shades of grayish-orange).Moderate amount of manganese micronodules occurs at top but appears to decrease with depth.
RC09-157 5.78366.583-4111Piston corerRC09-157-120.100.040.2In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, light brown (5YR5/6) for most of core with black (Nl) layer of manganese at top-10cm and 380-395cmMicronodules and an occasional echinoid spine. The manganese micronodule concentration decreases with depth.
RC09-158 6.65064.167-4814Piston corerRC09-158-161.250.0122.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2) grading to grayish orange (10YR7/4) in places. Moist, compact and generally firmColor variation is due to the concentration of dissiminated manganese micronodules in specific areas.
RC09-159 8.73362.983-4576Piston corerRC09-159-12.100.04.2In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralSandMicaceous sand, brownish gray (5YR4/1), uncompacted and crumblyBroken and unbroken foraminifera tests, quartz grains, manganese micronodules and few radiolaria.
RC09-1598.73362.983-4576Piston corerRC09-159-233.7524.543.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManySandQuartz sand, brownish gray (5YR4/1), uncpmpacted and crumbly. Carbonate content highSand is composed of large amount of quartz grains, mica, chlorite, manganese micronodules.
RC09-160 12.05063.150-4268Piston corerRC09-160-11.750.03.5In sedimentMn micronoduleFewOozeForaminiferal ooze, pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2) to very light gray (N8). Carbonate content high, but decreases slightly downwardManganese micronodules present in minor amounts from 0 to about 35 cm.
RC09-167 11.83343.350-650Piston corerRC09-167-133.100.066.2In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, grayish olive (10Y4/2) compact, moist and plasticManganese speckling irregularly spaced through the core.
RC09-169 16.33341.367-940Piston corerRC09-169-170.5059.082.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay. Light olive gray (5Y6/1) with layers and laminae of olive gray (5Y4/1) throughout the sectionCoarse fraction contains pteropods, foraminifera, shell fragments and manganese micronodules, approximately 10% of sample.
RC09-16916.33341.367-940Piston corerRC09-169-292.2582.0102.5In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, alternating light gray (N7), light olive green (5Y6/1) and olive gray (5Y4/1) varying in thickness from 5 mm to 10 cmThe dark layers contain appreciable amounts of manganese micronodules and dark minerals.
RC09-170 16.93340.433-1232Piston corerRC09-170-16.500.013.0In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayForaminifera, pteropod clay, pale yellowish brown grading into grayish brown (5YR3/2) at 120 cmOccasional manganese micronodule.
RC09-172 22.40037.700-2316Piston corerRC09-172-12.850.05.7In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayPteropod and foraminiferal clay, dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2). and pteropod ooze, dark yellowishorange (10YR6/6)The dark brown clay occurs at 0-57 cm. and contains abundant silt size manganese oxide.
RC09-17222.40037.700-2316Piston corerRC09-172-29.408.99.9In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayPteropod and foraminiferal clay, dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2). and pteropod ooze, dark yellowishorange (10YR6/6)The dark brown clay occurs at 89-99 cm. and contains abundant silt size manganese oxide.
RC09-177 33.70030.083-2820Piston corerRC09-177-11.000.02.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayForaminiferal clay,| dark yellowish-orange (10YR6/6). Carbonate content is about 60-70% and the foraminifera content is about 30-35%Manganese micronodules are moderately present throughout. Higher concentration of manganese occurs at 18 cm.
RC09-17733.70030.083-2820Piston corerRC09-177-219.4511.927.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayInterbedded clay, olive gray (5Y4/1) and greenish-gray (5GY6/1)Manganese patches and micronodules abundant throughout.
RC09-17733.70030.083-2820Piston corerRC09-177-336.1033.139.1In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, olive gray (5Y4/1) slightly disturbed (secondary) with laminations occurring mainly at the topSilt particles comprise 10-15% of sediment, consisting mainly of quartz, manganese and micaceous flakes.
RC09-181 33.41725.017-2286Piston corerRC09-181-12.201.82.6In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayForaminiferal clay, dusky yellow (5Y6/4), burrowed and laminated. The carbonate content is about 70%About 15-20% manganese micronodules occur throughout.
RC09-18133.41725.017-2286Piston corerRC09-181-22.802.63.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, olive gray (5Y3/2), burrowed. The carbonate content is about 25-30%Manganese micronodules abundant.
RC09-18133.41725.017-2286Piston corerRC09-181-319.1518.320.0In sedimentMn micronoduleFewSandClastic sand, pale brown (5YR4/2), fine grained, laminated and sortedThe laminae are darker and consist of similar material plus a small amount of manganese fragments.
RC09-18133.41725.017-2286Piston corerRC09-181-425.2521.728.8In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayForaminiferal clay, light oliive gray (5Y6/1) burrowed and laminated. The carbonate content is 60%Manganese micronodules and pebbles (burrow mottlings) abundant, particularly in the top area.
RC09-182 33.80023.600-1794Piston corerRC09-182-10.900.01.8In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayClay, banded, compact, variegated brown and gray, pteropodal, foraminiferal and silty. Burrow-mottled throughoutSmall dark specks of manganese oxide also mottle the layer. Silty and sandy particles of manganese and quartz make up about 5%.
RC09-18233.80023.600-1794Piston corerRC09-182-214.304.624.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay compact, banded, light brown (5YR6/4 and 5YR5/6), burrow mottled, foraminiferal and silty. Dark concentrations of manganese oxide are visible particularly at 162-165 cm. and 182 cmSilt-sized manganese particles (about 8%) occur throughout.
RC09-18233.80023.600-1794Piston corerRC09-182-353.2545.161.4In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, compact, banded, variegated brown, burrow-mottled, foraminiferal and slightly silty. Bright yellowish-orange bands of iron oxide disseminated in clay are found at 470-472 cm. and 511-512 cmThey are associated with dark bands of manganese oxide. Sandy mica flakes and quartz plus silty manganese particles form 8%.
RC09-188 36.18319.500-3157Piston corerRC09-188-14.900.09.8In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayCalcareous clay, laminated, between pale yellowishbrown and moderate yellowish-brown (10YR6/2 -10YR5/4 ), very soft. Carbonate content approximately 50%Below 50 cm. the core is thinly laminated with darker material consisting of approximately 50% silt and approximately 50% clay and containing manganese micronodules.
RC09-209 39.117-12.730-3609Piston corerRC09-209-115.504.027.0In sedimentMn micronoduleFewOozeForaminiferal ooze, very pale orange (10YR8/2) to light brown (5YR6/4), homogeneous, moderately compacted and plasticManganese micronodules occur in minor amounts at 40-70 cm, 190-200, and 240-270 cm.
RC09-210 39.217-12.770-4083Piston corerRC09-210-130.7527.034.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralOozeForaminiferal ooze, very pale orange (10YR8/2) to moderate yellowish brown (10YR5/4). Homogeneous, poorly compacted and highly plasticManganese micronodules occur at 270-280 cm and 325-345 cm.
RC09-212 44.200-14.900-5083Piston corerRC09-212-137.1536.338.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, pale yellowish-brown (10YR6/2), grading downward to a darker shadeContains abundant black specks (manganese oxide).
RC09-21244.200-14.900-5083Piston corerRC09-212-241.3041.241.4In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, pale yellowish-brcwn (10YR6/2). Laminated light and dark (laminae 1-4 mm. thick)Abundant black specks, (manganese oxide), with black, patchy mottling.
RC09-21244.200-14.900-5083Piston corerRC09-212-385.0084.086.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, pale yellowish-brcwn (10YR6/2). Laminated light and dark (laminae 1-4 mm. thick)Contains abundant black specks (manganese oxide) and mottling.
RC09-21244.200-14.900-5083Piston corerRC09-212-489.3088.889.8In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayClay, moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4), fairly uniform, moderately compact, non-calcareousAbundant black mottling and specks in top 10 cm
RC09-215 44.267-15.780-5345Piston corerRC09-215-1103.30102.8103.8In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayCalcareous clay, pinkish-gray (5YR8/1) and clay, pale yellowish-brown (10YR6/2), compact, interbedded and thoroughly intermixed by burrowingA zone of abundant manganese micronodules occurs between 1028 and 1038 cm.
RC09-217 44.517-15.470-5266Piston corerRC09-217-114.855.224.5In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay between very pale orange and pale yellowish-brown (10YR7/2) to moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4). The sand consist mainly of fine grained, angular to well rounded quartz and volcanic rock fragmentsManganese micronodules common from 52-245 cm.
RC09-218 43.900-12.800-4717Piston corerRC09-218-117.5012.023.0In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayCalcareous clay, white (N9), burrowed. The carbonate content is greater than 90%Occasional manganese micronoduies present.
RC09-21843.900-12.800-4717Piston corerRC09-218-229.5023.036.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayClay, moderate yellowish-brown (10YR5/4). The carbonate content appears to be around 60%Manganese micronodules and specks increase from 230 cm. to about 340 cm.
RC09-21843.900-12.800-4717Piston corerRC09-218-347.1046.048.2In sedimentMn micronoduleFewClayCalcareous clay intercalated with foraminiferal clay. Abundant burrow mottlings presentSmaller amount of manganese micronodules occur.
RC09-21843.900-12.800-4717Piston corerRC09-218-447.7047.747.7BuriedMn nodule1ClayCalcareous clay intercalated with foraminiferal clay. Abundant burrow mottlings presentOne manganese nodule occurs at 477 cm.
RC09-21843.900-12.800-4717Piston corerRC09-218-549.7548.251.3In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayManganese clay, light brown (5YR5/6)Manganese micronodules are common.
RC09-21843.900-12.800-4717Piston corerRC09-218-662.9559.966.0In sedimentMn micronoduleManyClayIntercalated layers of clay rich In carbonate (approx, 70%) and manganese clay, poorer in carbonate. (less than 15%)The clay poor in carbonate contains a high concentration of manganese in the form of micronodules and dark patches.
RC09-21843.900-12.800-4717Piston corerRC09-218-775.0074.076.0In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayManganese clay, dark yellowish-brown (10YR4/2)Manganese micronodules and small specks comprise about 10-15% of sediment.
RC09-224 47.083-7.967-4363Piston corerRC09-224-115.854.327.4In sedimentMn micronoduleFewOozeForaminiferal ooze, dark yellowish brown (10YR6/2), cohesive with secondary alteration along outer edges due to storage. Numerous minor beds of quatz sandMinor amounts of manganese micronodules.
RC09-226 56.050-19.380-1421Piston corerRC09-226-126.600.053.2In sedimentMn micronoduleFewSandForaminiferal sand yellowish gray (5Y7/2) and foraminiferal ooze pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2)Manganese micronodules disseminated in minor amounts throughout.
RC09-1C 32.317-77.633-516Photo/VideoRC09-1C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingManyPebbleClayrc09_001_005_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d001Light grayish-tan, silty clayNumerous scattered pebbles coated with manganese
RC09-33C -5.600-85.667-3804Photo/VideoRC09-33C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleFewClayrc09_033_070_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d002Clay, grayish brown (5YR3/2) compact and plasticScattered Mn nodules semi-buried in clay
RC09-37C -14.550-79.333-4078Photo/VideoRC09-37C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManyClayrc09_037_000_M1.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d003Large number of Mn nodules on clay bacground
RC09-37C-14.550-79.333-4078Photo/VideoRC09-37C-20.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManyLargeClayrc09_037_000_M2.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d004Dense coverage of large size Mn nodules on a clay background
RC09-39C -17.967-79.167-2761Photo/VideoRC09-39C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralRockOozerc09_039_077_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d005Calcareous foraminiferal oozeEmerging rocks and cliff of possible limestone or phosphorite slightly covered with Mn oxide
RC09-40C -19.550-80.333-933Photo/VideoRC09-40C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn crustSeveralThickRockSandrc09_040_078_M1.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d006Calcareous sandRocks heavily coated with Mn, could be basalt
RC09-40C-19.550-80.333-933Photo/VideoRC09-40C-20.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingFewPebbleSandrc09_040_078_M2.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d007Calcareous sandScattered Mn coated pebbles, could be pumice
RC09-42C -21.333-73.917-4316Photo/VideoRC09-42C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralCobbleClayrc09_042_083_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d008Manganese clay, moderate brown (5YR4/4)Numerous to scattered Mn coated sharp edged cobbles
RC09-43C -21.833-73.150-1008Photo/VideoRC09-43C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn crustSeveralThickRockSandrc09_043_084_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d009Calcareous sandHeavily coated basaltic rocks
RC09-51C -22.300-109.667-3542Photo/VideoRC09-51C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingFewRock, cobbleClayrc09_051_095_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d010Calcareous clay. Very calcareous, pale brown (5YR5/2) to very pale orange (10YR8/2) with high manganese contentScattered Mn coated cobbles and rocks
RC09-52C -22.783-110.933-3213Photo/VideoRC09-52C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralRock, cobbleClayrc09_052_096_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d011Calcareous clay. Very calcareous, pale brown (5YR5/2) to very pale orange (10YR8/2) with high manganese contentNumerous to scattered Mn coated cobbles and rocks
RC09-56C -25.567-117.617-646Photo/VideoRC09-56C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn crustManyThickRock, pebbleClayrc09_056_100_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d012Ferruginous, foraminifera and pteropod-bearing, moderate brown clay (5YR4/4).Abundant coverage of rocks and pebbles (basaltic?), formin a pavement and heavily covered with Mn
RC09-58C -26.383-119.950-3213Photo/VideoRC09-58C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn crustManyThickRock, pebbleClayrc09_058_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d013Large blocks, probably basalt surrounded by pebbles, all covered with Mn
RC09-61C -28.233-126.017-2853Photo/VideoRC09-61C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralSandrc09_061_000_001.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d014Possible clusters of Mn nodules amid waves of probably calcareous sand
RC09-62C -29.233-128.883-2608Photo/VideoRC09-62C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingManyRock, pebbleClayrc09_062_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d015Blocks to dense coverage of small pebbles, covered with Mn
RC09-65C -33.600-141.167-4559Photo/VideoRC09-65C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManySandrc09_065_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d016Blocks of possible coral transitioning into a dense coverage of manganese nodules
RC09-66C -34.883-144.317-4921Photo/VideoRC09-66C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManySandrc09_066_000_M .jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d017Scattered boulders (coral?) transitioning into a dense coverage of manganese nodules
RC09-67C -36.617-149.000-5320Photo/VideoRC09-67C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingManyCobbleSandrc09_067_000_M1.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d018Well rounded cobbles with Mn coating
RC09-67C-36.617-149.000-5320Photo/VideoRC09-67C-20.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManyLargeSandrc09_067_000_M2.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d019Dense coverage of large size Mn nodules
RC09-68C -37.850-152.250-3658Photo/VideoRC09-68C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralLargeSandrc09_068_000_M1.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d020Dense to sparse coverage of large Mn nodules partially covered with sand
RC09-68C-37.850-152.250-3658Photo/VideoRC09-68C-20.000.00.0SurfaceMn crustManyThickRockSandrc09_068_000_M2.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d021Large rounded rocks (basalt?) heavily coated with manganese and a thin cover of sand
RC09-69C -38.883-155.117-4618Photo/VideoRC09-69C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManyClayrc09_070_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d022Dense coverage of Mn nodules semi buried in clay
RC09-70C -41.583-165.433-4848Photo/VideoRC09-70C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManyAreniterc09_078_109_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d023Poorly sorted silt to cobble sized areniteDense coverage of Mn nodules
RC09-70C-41.583-165.433-4848Photo/VideoRC09-70C-20.000.00.0SurfaceMn crustSeveralThickAreniterc09_078_109_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d023Poorly sorted silt to cobble sized areniteHeavliy encrusted emerging rocks
RC09-78C -45.133-174.617-3056Photo/VideoRC09-78C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManyClayrc09_085_116_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d024Clay, ranging in color from pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2), dark yellowish brown (I10YR4/2 ) to grayish orange (10YR/4)Dense to scattred coverage of Mn nodules
RC09-85C -28.883-164.367-5293Photo/VideoRC09-85C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleFewCore; pebbleClayrc09_086_117_001.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d025Clay, slightly calcareous, pale brown (5YR5/2)Rare Mn nodules or Mn coated pebbles
RC09-86C -26.900-166.933-5389Photo/VideoRC09-86C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralCore; pebbleClayrc09_087_118_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d026Clay. Slightly calcareous, pale yellowish brown (10YR6/2)Scattered Mn nodules or Mn coated pebbles
RC09-87C -24.517-168.700-5521Photo/VideoRC09-87C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralClayrc09_088_119_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d027Clay, slightly calcareous, pale brown (5XR5/2)Scattered Mn nodules semi-buried in clay
RC09-88C -23.383-171.950-5516Photo/VideoRC09-88C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralCore; pebbleOozerc09_090_121_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d028Foraminifera ooze, grayish orange (10YR7/4) to very pale orange (10YR8/2)Scattered Mn nodules or Mn coated pebbles semi-buried in clay
RC09-90C -24.767-179.650-2114Photo/VideoRC09-90C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralBlaockSandrc09_106_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d029Numerous rounded blocks some of them coated with Mn
RC09-106C -50.067126.917-3623Photo/VideoRC09-106C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralCore; pebbleSandrc09_107_138_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d030Clastic sand, light olive-gray (5Y5/2)Boulders transtioing to numerous Mn nodules or Mn covred pebbles
RC09-107C -50.417125.367-3809Photo/VideoRC09-107C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralClayrc09_120_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d031Scattered Mn nodules semi-buried in clay
RC09-120C -28.850104.233-4907Photo/VideoRC09-120C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleSeveralCore; pebble, cobbleClayrc09_122_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d032Scattered Mn nodules or Mn coated pebbles or cobbles
RC09-122C -26.41799.700-4045Photo/VideoRC09-122C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn noduleManyClayrc09_124_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d033Numerous Mn nodules semi-buried in clay
RC09-124C -14.85097.767-5018Photo/VideoRC09-124C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralCoral, cobbleSandrc09_125_000_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d034Scattered cobbles and coral debris covered with Mn
RC09-125C -12.16796.800-1289Photo/VideoRC09-125C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralThinBoulder, pebbleSandrc09_182_206_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d035Reef debris, grayish orange (10YR7/4) well compacted and nonhomogeneous.Boulders (coral?) and scattered small pebbles coral?) probably covered with thin Mn coating
RC09-182C 36.683-11.067-589Photo/VideoRC09-182C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingManyPebbleSandrc09_184_208_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d036Calcareous sand, pinkish gray (5YR8/1)Numerous pebbles and cobbles covered with Mn
RC09-184C 36.700-11.117-91Photo/VideoRC09-184C-10.000.00.0SurfaceMn coatingSeveralBoulder, pebbleOozerc09_200_227_M.jpghttps://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49169.d037Foraminiferal ooze, color variable between grayish orange (10 YR 7/4) and pale yellowish brown (10 YR 6/2)Scattered Mn coated cobbles and boulders