Citation:

meps11568

Name: Interactive effects of ocean acidification and nitrogen limitation on two bloom-forming dinoflagellate species
Published: 2016-11-22
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Alexandrium fundyense; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Growth/Morphology; Immunology/Self-protection; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Myzozoa; Not applicable; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Scrippsiella trochoidea; Single species

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Abstract:

Global climate change involves an increase in oceanic CO2 concentrations as well as thermal stratification of the water column, thereby reducing nutrient supply from deep to surface waters. Changes in inorganic carbon (C) or nitrogen (N) availability have been shown to affect marine primary production, yet little is known about their interactive effects. To test for these effects, we conducted continuous culture experiments under N limitation and exposed the bloom-forming dinoflagellate species Scrippsiella trochoidea and Alexandrium fundyense (formerly A. tamarense) to CO2 partial pressures ( pCO2) ranging between 250 and 1000 µatm. Ratios of particulate organic carbon (POC) to organic nitrogen (PON) were elevated under N limitation, but also showed a decreasing trend with increasing pCO2. PON production rates were highest and affinities for dissolved inorganic N were lowest under elevated pCO2, and our data thus demonstrate a CO2-dependent trade-off in N assimilation. In A. fundyense, quotas of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins were lowered under N limitation, but the offset to those obtained under N-replete conditions became smaller with increasing pCO2. Consequently, cellular toxicity under N limitation was highest under elevated pCO2. All in all, our observations imply reduced N stress under elevated pCO2, which we attribute to a reallocation of energy from C to N assimilation as a consequence of lowered costs in C acquisition. Such interactive effects of ocean acidification and nutrient limitation may favor species with adjustable carbon concentrating mechanisms and have consequences for their competitive success in a future ocean.

Keyword(s):

Alexandrium fundyense; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Growth/Morphology; Immunology/Self-protection; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Myzozoa; Not applicable; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Scrippsiella trochoidea; Single species

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Proye, Aurélien; Soetaert, Karline; Rae, James (2016): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification (BIOACID)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-11-22.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Van de Waal, Dedmer B		study
2	Species	Species		Van de Waal, Dedmer B
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Van de Waal, Dedmer B
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Van de Waal, Dedmer B		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Replicate	Repl		Van de Waal, Dedmer B
6	Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio	POC/PON		Van de Waal, Dedmer B
7	Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell	POC/cell	pg/#	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
8	Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell	PON/cell	pg/#	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
9	Chlorophyll a per cell	Chl a/cell	pg/#	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
10	Carbon, organic, particulate per chlorophyll a	POC/Chl a	µmol/mg	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
11	Cell biovolume	Cell biovol	µm³	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
12	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Van de Waal, Dedmer B	Calculated using CO2SYS
13	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B	Calculated using CO2SYS
14	Cellular paralytic shellfish toxin, total	Cell PST	pg/#	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
15	Cellular paralytic shellfish toxin, total, standard deviation	Cell PST std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
16	Gonyautoxins 1/4	GTX 1/4	%	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
17	Gonyautoxins 1/4, standard deviation	GTX 1/4 std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
18	Neurotoxin saxitoxin	STX	%	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
19	Neurotoxin saxitoxin, standard deviation	STX std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
20	Gonyautoxins 2/3	GTX 2/3	%	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
21	Gonyautoxins 2/3, standard deviation	GTX 2/3 std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
22	Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2	Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2	%	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
23	Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2, standard deviation	Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2 std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
24	Neosaxitoxin	NEO	%	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
25	Neosaxitoxin, standard deviation	NEO std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
26	Toxicity, cellular	Cell toxicity	pg/#	Van de Waal, Dedmer B		STXeq
27	Toxicity, cellular, standard deviation	Cell toxicity std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B		STXeq
28	Cell density	Cells	#/ml	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
29	Cell density, standard deviation	Cells std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
30	Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved	DIN	µmol/l	Van de Waal, Dedmer B		residual
31	Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIN std dev	±	Van de Waal, Dedmer B		residual
32	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
33	Salinity	Sal		Van de Waal, Dedmer B
34	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/l	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
35	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/l	Van de Waal, Dedmer B
36	pH	pH		Van de Waal, Dedmer B		NBS scale
37	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
39	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
42	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
43	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
44	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
45	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
46	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
47	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

880 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Type (study)	2 Species	3 Reg spec no	4 URL ref (WoRMS Aphia ID)	5 Repl	6 POC/PON	7 POC/cell [pg/#]	8 PON/cell [pg/#]	9 Chl a/cell [pg/#]	10 POC/Chl a [µmol/mg]	11 Cell biovol [µm³]	12 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	13 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	14 Cell PST [pg/#]	15 Cell PST std dev [±]	16 GTX 1/4 [%]	17 GTX 1/4 std dev [±]	18 STX [%]	19 STX std dev [±]	20 GTX 2/3 [%]	21 GTX 2/3 std dev [±]	22 Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2 [%]	23 Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2 std dev [±]	24 NEO [%]	25 NEO std dev [±]	26 Cell toxicity [pg/#] (STXeq)	27 Cell toxicity std dev [±] (STXeq)	28 Cells [#/ml]	29 Cells std dev [±]	30 DIN [µmol/l] (residual)	31 DIN std dev [±] (residual)	32 Temp [°C]	33 Sal	34 DIC [µmol/l]	35 AT [µmol/l]	36 pH (NBS scale)	37 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	39 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	40 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	42 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	43 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	44 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	45 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	46 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	47 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr. 1	22.34	4430	230	7.84	558	9475	291	23																			15	34	2151	2345	8.31	27	8.20	10.42	276.73	277.74	1876.77	216.31	2103.50	2406.49	3.33	5.19
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr. 2	20.33	4150	240	10.14	419	8933	305	32																			15	34	2150	2353	8.30	27	8.18	10.90	289.38	290.43	1882.64	208.80	2102.34	2394.45	3.21	5.01
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr. 3	25.15	4070	190	8.77	474	8227	587	12																			15	34	2224	2393	8.04	27	7.93	20.99	557.34	559.37	2029.14	125.07	2175.20	2337.26	1.92	3.00
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr. 4	24.26	4400	210	9.63	454	7690	615	25																			15	34	2226	2386	8.02	27	7.91	22.01	584.20	586.32	2034.84	120.07	2176.92	2330.80	1.85	2.88
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr. 5	18.74	4290	270	10.59	407	12311	764	29																			15	34	2248	2366	7.94	27	7.82	27.33	725.48	728.11	2070.59	100.10	2198.02	2317.62	1.54	2.40
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr. 6	17.27	3840	260	11.76	330	11780	822	31																			15	34	2259	2365	7.91	27	7.79	29.40	780.60	783.43	2085.27	94.37	2209.04	2318.13	1.45	2.26
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 1	9.82	3900	460	21.22	184	18293	245	15																			15	34	2104	2364	8.37	27	8.26	8.75	232.40	233.25	1810.13	239.04	2057.93	2396.04	3.68	5.74
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 2	9.23	3960	500	24.62	161	16699	229	9																			15	34	2093	2380	8.40	27	8.28	8.19	217.34	218.13	1788.96	249.40	2046.55	2400.04	3.84	5.99
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 3	6.68	2680	470	24.60	100	16649	747	25																			15	34	2242	2398	7.95	27	7.83	26.74	709.96	712.53	2063.79	101.61	2192.15	2314.61	1.56	2.44
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 4	6.82	2740	470	24.71	111	14533	879	66																			15	34	2265	2397	7.88	27	7.77	31.47	835.50	838.53	2094.36	89.20	2215.03	2314.53	1.37	2.14
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 5	5.50	3430	730	34.75	99	19036	976	59																			15	34	2265	2395	7.84	27	7.72	34.94	927.58	930.95	2099.01	80.60	2214.54	2298.22	1.24	1.93
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 6	6.04	3660	710	31.34	117	16279	1060	75																			15	34	2283	2399	7.81	27	7.69	37.93	1006.87	1010.52	2118.82	75.72	2232.47	2305.86	1.17	1.82
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 1							245	9	13.2547		40.9566		3.2828		1.0612		39.4333		15.2661		8.7571						15	34	2104	2364	8.37	27	8.26	8.75	232.40	233.25	1810.13	239.04	2057.93	2396.04	3.68	5.74
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 2							229	15	13.8410		40.6785		3.6801		1.1209		38.7270		15.7934		9.2442						15	34	2093	2380	8.40	27	8.28	8.19	217.34	218.13	1788.96	249.40	2046.55	2400.04	3.84	5.99
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 3							747	25	22.5337	1.6892	32.9684	1.1007	5.4823	0.0929	1.6829	0.0295	44.9656	0.4273	14.9008	0.6138	17.9901	1.6547					15	34	2242	2398	7.95	27	7.83	26.74	709.96	712.53	2063.79	101.61	2192.15	2314.61	1.56	2.44
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 4							879	66	47.7046	0.2557	29.0333	1.5843	6.1753	0.1731	2.2757	0.1827	46.1268	1.0014	16.3889	0.3191	13.1629	1.2291					15	34	2265	2397	7.88	27	7.77	31.47	835.50	838.53	2094.36	89.20	2215.03	2314.53	1.37	2.14
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 5							976	59	30.0904	2.6530	33.9827	0.9101	7.3800	0.1020	2.6506	0.1979	41.2101	0.2259	14.7765	0.7801	47.8232	5.5039					15	34	2265	2395	7.84	27	7.72	34.94	927.58	930.95	2099.01	80.60	2214.54	2298.22	1.24	1.93
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr. 6							1060	75	75.3587	8.9179	26.8687	0.3398	8.6434	0.0391	3.1836	0.1966	45.2704	0.2773	16.0339	0.2200	28.0915	0.2763					15	34	2283	2399	7.81	27	7.69	37.93	1006.87	1010.52	2118.82	75.72	2232.47	2305.86	1.17	1.82
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr.1							291	23															493	51	0.13	0.05	15	34	2151	2345	8.31	27	8.20	10.42	276.73	277.74	1876.77	216.31	2103.50	2406.49	3.33	5.19
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr.2							305	32															470	61	0.14	0.04	15	34	2150	2353	8.30	27	8.18	10.90	289.38	290.43	1882.64	208.80	2102.34	2394.45	3.21	5.01
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr.3							587	12															627	56	0.12	0.04	15	34	2224	2393	8.04	27	7.93	20.99	557.34	559.37	2029.14	125.07	2175.20	2337.26	1.92	3.00
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr.4							615	25															632	94	0.15	0.06	15	34	2226	2386	8.02	27	7.91	22.01	584.20	586.32	2034.84	120.07	2176.92	2330.80	1.85	2.88
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr.5							764	29															463	28	0.31	0.14	15	34	2248	2366	7.94	27	7.82	27.33	725.48	728.11	2070.59	100.10	2198.02	2317.62	1.54	2.40
laboratory	Scrippsiella trochoidea (protist)	110172	marinespecies.org	Nr.6							822	31															482	31	0.36	0.05	15	34	2259	2365	7.91	27	7.79	29.40	780.60	783.43	2085.27	94.37	2209.04	2318.13	1.45	2.26
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr.1							245	15															575	27	0.20	0.04	15	34	2104	2364	8.37	27	8.26	8.75	232.40	233.25	1810.13	239.04	2057.93	2396.04	3.68	5.74
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr.2							229	9															573	35	0.26	0.06	15	34	2093	2380	8.40	27	8.28	8.19	217.34	218.13	1788.96	249.40	2046.55	2400.04	3.84	5.99
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr.3							747	25															440	41	0.33	0.04	15	34	2242	2398	7.95	27	7.83	26.74	709.96	712.53	2063.79	101.61	2192.15	2314.61	1.56	2.44
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr.4							879	66															486	52	0.35	0.03	15	34	2265	2397	7.88	27	7.77	31.47	835.50	838.53	2094.36	89.20	2215.03	2314.53	1.37	2.14
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr.5							976	59															249	13	0.62	0.09	15	34	2265	2395	7.84	27	7.72	34.94	927.58	930.95	2099.01	80.60	2214.54	2298.22	1.24	1.93
laboratory	Alexandrium fundyense (protist)	156513	marinespecies.org	Nr.6							1060	75															315	10	0.51	0.02	15	34	2283	2399	7.81	27	7.69	37.93	1006.87	1010.52	2118.82	75.72	2232.47	2305.86	1.17	1.82