Citation:

PANGAEA.868603

Name: Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: problematic for protection?
Published: 2015
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; Single species; Temperate; Temperature

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Abstract:

Ocean acidification threatens organisms that produce calcium carbonate shells by potentially generating an under-saturated carbonate environment. Resultant reduced calcification and growth, and subsequent dissolution of exoskeletons, would raise concerns over the ability of the shell to provide protection for the marine organism under ocean acidification and increased temperatures. We examined the impact of combined ocean acidification and temperature increase on shell formation of the economically important edible mussel Mytilus edulis. Shell growth and thickness along with a shell thickness index and shape analysis were determined. The ability of M. edulis to produce a functional protective shell after 9 months of experimental culture under ocean acidification and increasing temperatures (380, 550, 750, 1000 µatm pCO2, and 750, 1000 µatm pCO2 + 2°C) was assessed. Mussel shells grown under ocean acidification conditions displayed significant reductions in shell aragonite thickness, shell thickness index, and changes to shell shape (750, 1000 ?atm pCO2) compared to those shells grown under ambient conditions (380 ?atm pCO2). Ocean acidification resulted in rounder, flatter mussel shells with thinner aragonite layers likely to be more vulnerable to fracture under changing environments and predation. The changes in shape presented here could present a compensatory mechanism to enhance protection against predators and changing environments under ocean acidification when mussels are unable to grow thicker shells. Here, we present the first assessment of mussel shell shape to determine implications for functional protection under ocean acidification.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; Single species; Temperate; Temperature

Related to:

Fitzer, Susan C; Vittert, Liberty; Bowman, Adrian; Kamenos, N A; Phoenix, Vernon R; Cusack, Maggie (2015): Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: problematic for protection? Ecology and Evolution, 5(21), 4875-4884, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756

Original version:

Fitzer, Susan C; Vittert, Liberty; Bowman, Adrian; Kamenos, N A; Phoenix, Vernon R; Cusack, Maggie (2015): Data from: Ocean acidification and temperature increase impacts mussel shell shape and thickness: problematic for protection? Dryad Digital Repository, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.74ms0

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse (2015): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0.8. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2015) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-11-15.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Fitzer, Susan C		study
2	Species	Species		Fitzer, Susan C
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Fitzer, Susan C
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Fitzer, Susan C		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Fitzer, Susan C		treatment
6	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Fitzer, Susan C		treatment
7	Identification	ID		Fitzer, Susan C		mussel shell
8	Shell growth	Shell growth	mm	Fitzer, Susan C		after Calcein stain
9	Thickness	Thick	mm	Fitzer, Susan C		calcite
10	Thickness	Thick	mm	Fitzer, Susan C		aragonite
11	Ratio	Ratio		Fitzer, Susan C		aragonite/calcite
12	Salinity	Sal		Fitzer, Susan C
13	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C
14	Oxygen saturation	O2 sat	%	Fitzer, Susan C
15	Oxygen saturation, standard deviation	O2 sat std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C
16	pH	pH		Fitzer, Susan C		total scale
17	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Fitzer, Susan C
18	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C
19	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Fitzer, Susan C
20	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C
21	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C
22	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C
23	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C	Potentiometric titration
24	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Fitzer, Susan C	Potentiometric titration
25	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C	Calculated using CO2SYS
26	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Fitzer, Susan C	Calculated using CO2SYS
27	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Fitzer, Susan C	Calculated using CO2SYS
28	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Fitzer, Susan C	Calculated using CO2SYS
29	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
31	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1680 data points

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