Citation:

j.chemgeo.2013.06.005

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Abstract:

The Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) were one of the first regions where apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology was applied routinely to study exhumation processes and long term landscape evolution. Pioneering publications from the region introduced or refined interpretation concepts of thermochronological data such as the break in slope in vertical age profiles as qualitative marker for the onset of accelerated rock cooling.

New AFT data were compiled from vertical profiles in the Eisenhower Range, northern TAM, and compared with published data. Samples originally examined by population technique were re-analysed via the external detector technique. AFT ages increase from 32±2 Ma at an elevation of 220 m to 175±14 Ma at 2380 m. Geological evidence and thermal history modeling of the AFT data require Jurassic to Late Eocene reheating of the samples and an onset of cooling at ~35 - 30 Ma. This requires the deposition of a ~3 to 3.5 km thick sedimentary sequence on the granitic basement subsequent to Jurassic Ferrar magmatism at ~180 Ma. The regression of paleotemperatures against sample altitudes infers a high Jurassic geothermal gradient of ~60°C/km related to rifting processes and Ferrar magmatism, and a moderate Cretaceous/Eocene geothermal gradient of ~30°C/km. Comparison of ages generated with population and external detector technique shows the importance of determining single-grain ages for each sample, even from granitic rocks of the same intrusion, and thus strongly supports previous cases made for the determination of annealing kinetics and grain-age evaluation. Age comparison additionally illustrates, that samples above a break in slope record larger deviations between population and external detector ages than samples below a break in slope.

We demonstrate that position and shape of a break in slope result from various factors, such as the thermal history prior to final cooling, maximum paleotemperatures, cooling rate, and geothermal gradient. A break in slope does not straightly date the onset of final cooling and cannot substitute thermal history modeling. Therefore, earlier studies from the TAM and similar settings elsewhere need to be validated by combining thermal history modeling of thermochronological data and supplementary geological information.

Project(s):

Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas (SPP1158)

Funding:

German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 5472008 : Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -74.629500 * Median Longitude: 162.497000 * South-bound Latitude: -74.920000 * West-bound Longitude: 161.850000 * North-bound Latitude: -74.290000 * East-bound Longitude: 162.740000

Minimum Elevation: 220.0 m * Maximum Elevation: 2380.0 m

Event(s):

ItalAnt_C1 * Latitude: -74.470000 * Longitude: 162.620000 * Elevation: 2380.0 m * Location: Antarctica * Method/Device: Rock sample (ROCK)

ItalAnt_C3 * Latitude: -74.650000 * Longitude: 162.550000 * Elevation: 1950.0 m * Location: Antarctica * Method/Device: Rock sample (ROCK)

ItalAnt_C4 * Latitude: -74.660000 * Longitude: 162.530000 * Elevation: 1780.0 m * Location: Antarctica * Method/Device: Rock sample (ROCK)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Prenzel, Jannis
2	Latitude of event	Latitude		Prenzel, Jannis
3	Longitude of event	Longitude		Prenzel, Jannis
4	Elevation of event	Elevation	m	Prenzel, Jannis
5	Area/locality	Area		Prenzel, Jannis
6	Number	No		Prenzel, Jannis	xi
7	Standard deviation	Std dev	±	Prenzel, Jannis	xi
8	Fission-tracks, density, counted in stan	p d	10⁶ #/cm²	Prenzel, Jannis
9	Fission-tracks	N d	10⁶ #/cm²	Prenzel, Jannis
10	Fission-tracks, spontaneous, density	p s	10⁶ #/cm²	Prenzel, Jannis
11	Fission-tracks, spontaneous	N s	10⁶ #/cm²	Prenzel, Jannis
12	Fission-tracks, induced, density	p i	10⁶ #/cm²	Prenzel, Jannis
13	Fission-tracks, induced	N i	10⁶ #/cm²	Prenzel, Jannis
14	Percentage	Perc	%	Prenzel, Jannis	Chi²
15	Grains, counted/analyzed	Grains	#	Prenzel, Jannis
16	Age, dated	Age dated	ka	Prenzel, Jannis	AFT age
17	Age, dated standard deviation	Age dated std dev	±	Prenzel, Jannis	AFT age
18	Age, dated	Age dated	ka	Prenzel, Jannis	AFT age predicted
19	Fission-track length, mean	MTL	µm	Prenzel, Jannis
20	Fission-track length, mean, standard deviation	MTL std dev	±	Prenzel, Jannis
21	Number of observations	NOBS	#	Prenzel, Jannis	for MTL
22	Fission-track length, mean	MTL	µm	Prenzel, Jannis	c-axis
23	Fission-track length, mean	MTL	µm	Prenzel, Jannis	predicted MTL
24	Fission-track length, mean, standard deviation	MTL std dev	±	Prenzel, Jannis	SD
25	Fission-track length, mean, standard deviation	MTL std dev	±	Prenzel, Jannis	c-axis
26	Fission-track length, mean, standard deviation	MTL std dev	±	Prenzel, Jannis	predicted
27	Goodness of fit	r**2		Prenzel, Jannis	age
28	Goodness of fit	r**2		Prenzel, Jannis	MTL
29	Diameter	Ø	µm	Prenzel, Jannis	mean fission-track etch pit diameter Dpar mean
30	Age, dated	Age dated	ka	Prenzel, Jannis	original
31	Age, dated standard deviation	Age dated std dev	±	Prenzel, Jannis	original

License:

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0)

Size:

493 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 Elevation [m]	5 Area	6 No (xi)	7 Std dev [±] (xi)	8 p d [10⁶ #/cm²]	9 N d [10⁶ #/cm²]	10 p s [10⁶ #/cm²]	11 N s [10⁶ #/cm²]	12 p i [10⁶ #/cm²]	13 N i [10⁶ #/cm²]	14 Perc [%] (Chi²)	15 Grains [#]	16 Age dated [ka] (AFT age)	17 Age dated std dev [±] (AFT age)	18 Age dated [ka] (AFT age predicted)	19 MTL [µm]	20 MTL std dev [±]	21 NOBS [#] (for MTL)	22 MTL [µm] (c-axis)	23 MTL [µm] (predicted MTL)	24 MTL std dev [±] (SD)	25 MTL std dev [±] (c-axis)	26 MTL std dev [±] (predicted)	27 r**2 (age)	28 r**2 (MTL)	29 Ø [µm] (mean fission-track etch pit d...)	30 Age dated [ka] (original)	31 Age dated std dev [±] (original)
Samp_3475	-74.7100	162.6200	430	Eisenhower Range	320	10	18.10	17974	5.2	281	46.50	2507	98	22	32400	2300	33000	13.79	0.19	100	14.54	14.52	1.91	1.61	1.53	0.79	0.10	2.29
Samp_BC7	-74.7500	162.6300	660	Eisenhower Range	320	10	18.10	17974	5.6	251	46.00	2057	100	25	35300	2600	36300	13.33	0.23	70	14.29	14.16	1.95	1.40	1.72	0.68	0.50	2.34	39900	2900
Samp_3466	-74.4400	162.7200	780	Eisenhower Range	320	10	17.90	17974	4.8	142	36.90	1080	99	20	37500	3500	38000	13.45	0.17	100	14.31	14.03	1.71	1.38	1.74	0.90	0.12	2.11
Samp_3465	-74.4200	162.7000	1030	Eisenhower Range	320	10	18.00	17974	7.9	367	58.00	2697	100	24	39100	2500	39800	13.36	0.20	100	14.25	13.94	1.99	1.55	1.80	0.76	0.61	2.03
Samp_3464	-74.4700	162.6300	1535	Eisenhower Range	320	10	18.10	17974	5.0	157	18.90	598	100	25	75500	7100	74800	11.58	0.26	100	13.08	13.41	2.62	1.84	1.71	0.92	0.53	1.99
Samp_3462	-74.2900	162.3600	1720	Eisenhower Range	320	10	182.00	17974	5.1	195	15.90	606	99	20	92900	8100	92600	11.21	0.37	43	12.93	13.50	2.45	1.41	1.60	0.97	0.53	1.99
Samp_3463	-74.3600	161.8500	2014	Eisenhower Range	320	10	18.00	17974	10.7	384	22.20	799	99	23	137900	9000	135000	11.69	0.24	100	13.05	13.47	2.43	1.85	1.71	0.89	0.61	2.34
Samp_3472	-74.6300	162.5800	2180	Eisenhower Range	320	10	15.60	15663	10.8	750	18.40	1284	96	25	144400	7900	147000	11.22	0.27	100	12.88	13.04	2.66	1.72	1.76	0.74	0.52	2.19
Samp_BC4	-74.6700	162.2000	700	Mount Matz	320	10	23.60	17974	3.7	167	26.50	1205	100	24	52200	4600	50800	12.73	0.35	40	13.94	13.73	2.18	1.49	1.82	0.76	0.19	2.14	57400	4800
Samp_BC5	-74.7000	162.2600	940	Mount Matz	320	10	23.60	23364	5.8	499	40.00	3426	100	30	54800	3100	54800	13.26	0.22	80	14.19	13.54	1.97	1.51	1.93	0.99	0.05	2.34	65600	4900
Samp_BC3	-74.7700	162.3700	1220	Mount Matz	320	10	23.60	17974	8.5	305	46.40	1660	99	20	69100	4800	70000	11.60	0.28	100	13.22	13.46	2.77	1.66	1.74	0.84	0.87	2.20	76100	5500
Samp_BC2	-74.9200	162.5000	1450	Mount Matz	320	10	23.60	23364	7.9	333	36.30	1539	98	20	81300	5500	80800	11.54	0.29	100	13.15	13.38	2.93	1.77	1.77	0.93	0.69	2.36	107000	10000
Samp_BC1	-74.7700	162.3900	1590	Mount Matz	320	10	23.60	23364	8.2	740	31.10	2824	86	25	98300	5000	91000	11.63	0.27	84	13.11	13.47	2.68	1.76	1.60	0.15	0.74	1.90	102000	7000
ItalAnt_C17	-74.7200	162.7400	220	Mount Nansen	366	12	7.07	5541	7.8	577	28.04	2062	83	20	36600	2700	30500	14.01	0.13	101	14.76	14.87	1.29	1.00	1.03	0.01	0.84	1.81	31100	2100
ItalAnt_C9	-74.7300	162.6900	300	Mount Nansen	366	12	7.07	5541	2.3	281	9.50	1133	70	28	32000	2400		14.37	0.62	5								1.79	35000	2400
ItalAnt_C6	-74.7800	162.5000	1020	Mount Nansen	366	12	7.07	5541	4.6	481	12.60	1277	88	30	48500	3100		13.22	0.55	18			2.35					1.57	67200	4100
ItalAnt_C5	-74.6800	162.5000	1390	Mount Nansen	366	12	7.07	5541	4.0	113	6.53	187	53	12	77500	9800												1.61	71000	13000
ItalAnt_C4	-74.6600	162.5300	1780	Mount Nansen	366	12	7.07	5541	6.0	586	9.10	903	7	30	82100	6100		12.85	0.42	26			2.14					1.70	78200	4900
ItalAnt_C3	-74.6500	162.5500	1950	Mount Nansen	366	12	7.07	5541	9.0	852	11.40	1095	30	30	99800	6000	102000	12.26	0.31	43	13.51	13.46	2.02	1.53	1.56	0.75	0.65	1.62	97300	6000
ItalAnt_C1	-74.4700	162.6200	2380	Mount Nansen	366	12	7.07	5541	19.4	1083	14.20	790	<5	25	175000	14000	175000	11.50	0.26	101	12.96	12.97	2.63	1.77	1.55	0.99	0.70	1.73	198000	14000