Monget, Jean-Marie (2016): Illustrated record of the detailed examination of the Challenger expedition Mn deposit samples available in the Ocean bottom deposit collection of the Natural History Museum, London [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.867560
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Abstract:
The Natural History Museum's (formerly called, British Museum) ocean bottom deposit collection consists of samples from about 40,000 locations around the world and is the most comprehensive British collection of seabed samples and cores. The most important sub-collection is the Sir John Murray Collection, which includes seabed samples from the HMS Challenger expedition (1872-76) and a large number of samples from other expeditions which were sent to Sir John Murray for examination such as those of the Albatross and the Valdivia. It was given to the Museum by the Murray family in 1921 following his death in 1914 (Kempe, D.R.C. and Buckley, H.A., 1987). These samples were transferred to the British Museum to the exception of those of the Albatross which were sent back to the United States and are now found for their most part at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History in Washington. Scientists and collections management specialists can visit the collections of the Natural History Museum in London and borrow specimens for research.
Related to:
Ocean bottom deposit collection at the Natural History Museum, London. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/collections/mineralogy-collections/ocean-bottom-deposit-collection.html
Kempe, D R C; Buckley, H A (1987): Fifty years of oceanography in the department of mineralogy, British Museum (Natural History). Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Mineralogy. https://ia601408.us.archive.org/12/items/bulletinofbritis15histlond/bulletinofbritis15histlond.pdf, 15(2), 71-97, hdl:10013/epic.48854.d001
Source:
Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
Further details:
Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
Project(s):
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -7.328571 * Median Longitude: -86.629167 * South-bound Latitude: -42.716667 * West-bound Longitude: -177.066667 * North-bound Latitude: 40.283333 * East-bound Longitude: 145.166667
Date/Time Start: 1873-03-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1875-12-28T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.0 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.4 m
Event(s):
CHA-16 * Latitude: 20.650000 * Longitude: -50.550000 * Date/Time: 1873-03-07T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3998.0 m * Campaign: Challenger1872 * Basis: H.M.S. Challenger (1872) * Method/Device: Grab (GRAB)
CHA-46 * Latitude: 40.283333 * Longitude: -66.800000 * Date/Time: 1873-05-06T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2217.0 m * Campaign: Challenger1872 * Basis: H.M.S. Challenger (1872) * Method/Device: Grab (GRAB)
CHA-61 * Latitude: 34.900000 * Longitude: -56.633333 * Date/Time: 1873-06-17T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4680.0 m * Campaign: Challenger1872 * Basis: H.M.S. Challenger (1872) * Method/Device: Grab (GRAB)
Comment:
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | ||||
| 2 | Identification | ID | ||||
| 3 | Sample code/label | Sample label | NHM Label | |||
| 4 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Geocode | ||
| 5 | Position | Position | Visual description | |||
| 6 | Deposit type | Deposit type | ||||
| 7 | Size | Size | ||||
| 8 | Substrate type | Substrate | ||||
| 9 | Description | Description | ||||
| 10 | Image | IMAGE |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
273 data points
Data
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| 1 Event | 2 ID | 3 Sample label | 4 Depth sed [m] | 5 Position | 6 Deposit type | 7 Size | 8 Substrate | 9 Description | 10 IMAGE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHA-16 | CHA-16-2-NHM | M 35 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 1.0-2.0 cm | Core; palagonite | Manganese concretions showing 1.0 cm manganese rind covering a probable palagonite core. | NHM_M35_St16.jpg |
| CHA-46 | CHA-46-1-NHM | M 68 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn coating | Thin | Pebble | Traces of manganese are probable on some small the pebbles. | NHM_M68_St46.jpg |
| CHA-61 | CHA-61-1-NHM | M 83 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn staining | Light | Concretion | Some concretions covered with a thin manganese cover. | NHM_M83_St61.jpg |
| CHA-85 | CHA-85-1-NHM | M 106 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn coating | Thick | Coral | Several large fragments of a gorgonoid coral significantly coated with manganese. | NHM_M106_St85.jpg |
| CHA-143 | CHA-143-2-NHM | M 167 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn staining | Light | Concretion; phosphatic | Small and irregular, phosphate concretions 1 to 4 centimetres in diameter stained with manganese and containing glauconite and foraminifera. | NHM_M167_St143.jpg |
| CHA-160 | CHA-160-3-NHM | M 194 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 2.0-4.0 cm | Core; baslt, palagonite | Manganese nodules with cores being either fragments of black basalt black or palagonite, reddish or yellowish depending upon their alteration level. | NHM_M194_St160.jpg |
| CHA-184 | CHA-184-1-NHM | M 236 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn staining | Light | Stone; pumice | Pumice stones have with slightly stained by of manganese. | NHM_M236_St184.jpg |
| CHA-195 | CHA-195-2-NHM | M 253 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn staining | Light | Stone; pumice | A number of pumice nodules varying from 1/2 to 4 inches (12 mm. to 10 cm.) in diameter and slightly impregnated with manganese. | NHM_M253_St195.jpg |
| CHA-248 | CHA-248-2-NHM | M 313 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 3.0-6.0 cm | Core; palagonite | Numerous manganese nodules with pumice core for some of them. The larger ones (5.0 cm) display a significant top/bottom shape contrast, with botryoids on the top part. | NHM_M313_St248.jpg |
| CHA-252 | CHA-252-1-NHM | M 316 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 6.0-8.0 cm | Core; basalt, palagonite, tooth | A quantity of manganese nodules. The nuclei of the nodules consist of basalt, palagonite and carcharedon teeth. | NHM_M316_St252.jpg |
| CHA-253 | CHA-253-2-NHM | M 317 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 5.0 cm | Core; palagonite, clay | Several large manganese nodules with caly or palagonite core. | NHM_M317_St253.jpg |
| CHA-256 | CHA-256-2-NHM | M 320 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 1.0-5.0 cm | Core; pumice, palagonite, clay | Many manganese nodules with cores being pumice, palagonite or hardened clay. | NHM_M320_St256.jpg |
| CHA-264 | CHA-264-1-NHM | M 332 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 1.0-3.0 cm | Core; palagonite | Small to medium size manganese nodules with palagonite core. | NHM_M332_St264.jpg |
| CHA-264 | CHA-264-2-NHM | M 332 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn coating | Thick | Hard material | Irregular shaped concretions being probably foreign material covered with a significant manganese coating. | NHM_M332_St264.jpg |
| CHA-267 | CHA-267-2-NHM | M 335 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 1.0 cm | Core | A broken manganese nodule larger than a good sized marble. | NHM_M335_St267.jpg |
| CHA-272 | CHA-272-2-NHM | M 340 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 4.0 cm | Core; pumice | Mn nodules with possible pumice core, dredged with other pieces of pumice slightly impregnated with manganese | NHM_M340_St272.jpg |
| CHA-274 | CHA-274-2-NHM | M 342 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 4.0-6.0 cm | Core; volcanic glass and palagonite | Many manganese nodules with an average size of 4.0 cm. Several big nodules (6.0 cm) with a sharp top/bottom contrast. Top is strongly botryoidal. The nucleus of one nodule is composed of amorphous clayey matter bordered with zeolitic crystals. | NHM_M342_St274.jpg |
| CHA-276 | CHA-276-2-NHM | M 344 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 1.0-4.0 cm | Core; volcanic | Many manganese nodules, most of them small. The nuclei of the nodules consist of fragments or basaltic rocks or lapilli. in all cases these nuclei are very much altered. | NHM_M344_St276_2.jpg |
| CHA-276 | CHA-276-3-NHM | M 344 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn coating | Thin | Shark's tooth | Many sharks' teeth (one very large); some of those are thickly and others slightly coated with manganese. | NHM_M344_St276_1.jpg |
| CHA-280 | CHA-280-1-NHM | M 352 | 0.0 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Coarse Globigerina sand with fragments of volcanic rocks and/or large manganese grains. | NHM_M352_St280.jpg | ||
| CHA-281 | CHA-281-1-NHM | M 353 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 2.0 cm | Core; volcanic | Many manganese nodules. All nodules are built as a slight coating of manganese covering a core of volcanic tufa. They were overgrown by rhizopods. | NHM_M353_St281_1.jpg |
| CHA-281 | CHA-281-2-NHM | M 353 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn crust | 4.6x3.0x7.5 cm | Rock; volcanic | Large flat manganese nodule (4.6x3.0x7.5 cm), more likely a crust deposited on a core of volcanic tufa. | NHM_M353_St281_2.jpg |
| CHA-285 | CHA-285-2-NHM | M 357 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 3.0 cm | Core; volcanic, igneous | Manganese nodules. Some of their cores are altered basaltic fragments and others are volcanic glass or augite-andesite or hornblende-andesite. | NHM_M357_St285.jpg |
| CHA-286 | CHA-286-2-NHM | M 358 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 1.0-4.0 cm | A large number of manganese nodules with smooth surface. | NHM_M358_St286_1.jpg | |
| CHA-286 | CHA-286-3-NHM | M 358 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn staining | 3.0 cm | Concretion; clay with worm tubes | There were also some clayey concretions of the bottom, perforated by worm tubes, lined with manganese. | NHM_M358_St286_1.jpg |
| CHA-286 | CHA-286-4-NHM | M 358 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn staining | 6.0 cm | Earbone; cetacea | A number of cetacea earbones heavily satined by manganese | NHM_M358_St286_2.jpg |
| CHA-289 | CHA-289-1-NHM | M 361 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 3.0 cm | Core | Many manganese nodules who seem to be rock pebbles with manganese coating. | NHM_M361_St289.jpg |
| CHA-291 | CHA-291-2-NHM | M 362 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 1.0 cm | One manganese nodule the size of a marble to which was attached an egg capsule. | NHM_M362_St291.jpg | |
| CHA-293 | CHA-293-2-NHM | M 364 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 2.0 cm | A dozen manganese nodules.The largest of the nodules is about the size of a pigeon's egg. | NHM_M364_St293_1.jpg | |
| CHA-293 | CHA-293-3-NHM | M 364 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 4.0 cm | Core; palagonite | One nodule with a palagonite core. | NHM_M364_St293_2.jpg |
| CHA-296 | CHA-296-1-NHM | M 367 | 0.4 | In sediment | Mn micronodule | Some manganese grains with many white glassy splinters and palagonite. | NHM_M367_St296.jpg | ||
| CHA-297 | CHA-297-2-NHM | M 368 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 2.0 cm | Core; palagonite | Several manganese with nuclei of some of the larger nodules are yellow or dark green material (last stage of decomposition of palagonite). | NHM_M368_St297.jpg |
| CHA-299 | CHA-299-1-NHM | M 371 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 5.0 cm | Core; pumice or altered basalt | A manganese nodule with pumice core displaying a sharp top/bottom contrast. | NHM_M371_St299_1.jpg |
| CHA-299 | CHA-299-3-NHM | M 371 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn coating | 0.2 cm thick | Fragment; granite | Angular pieces of granite with Mn coating. | NHM_M371_St299_2.jpg |
| CHA-302 | CHA-302-1-NHM | M 373 | 0.0 | Surface | Mn nodule | 3.0 cm | Core; basalt or palagonite | Portion of a manganese nodule with core of fragments of basalt with a vitreous base passing into palagonite. | NHM_M373_St302.jpg |