Citation:

minmag.1956.031.235.01

Name: Chemical composition of manganese deposits (Birnessite) from Scotland
Published: 1956
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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Abstract:

A manganese pan near Birness contains grains of an optically uniaxial negative mineral near (Na0.7Ca0.3)Mn7O14·2·8H2O, giving an X-ray powder pattern similar to that of synthetic materials described as 'manganous manganite' and delta-MnO2. Material giving a similar pattern has been described from a natural occurrence in Canada, but no mineral name was assigned; the name birnessite is now proposed. The mineral is probably formed by air-oxidation of manganous oxides under alkaline conditions.

Source:

Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT

Further details:

Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN

Project(s):

NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database (NOAA-MMS)

Coverage:

Latitude: 57.402507 * Longitude: -1.992988

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: -4 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: -4 m

Event(s):

Birness_J * Latitude: 57.402507 * Longitude: -1.992988 * Elevation: 63.0 m * Location: Scotland

Comment:

Grains (up to 4x8x3 mm.) removed from the crust and ground to a fine powder (200-mesh IMM sieve) for analysis.

From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis..) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	Sample ID	Sample ID		Jones, L H P
2	Latitude of event	Latitude
3	Longitude of event	Longitude
4	Elevation of event	Elevation	m
5	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m	Jones, L H P	Geocode
6	Silicon dioxide	SiO2	%	Jones, L H P
7	Aluminium oxide	Al2O3	%	Jones, L H P
8	Iron oxide, Fe2O3	Fe2O3	%	Jones, L H P
9	Titanium dioxide	TiO2	%	Jones, L H P
10	Manganese dioxide	MnO2	%	Jones, L H P
11	Manganese oxide	MnO	%	Jones, L H P
12	Calcium oxide	CaO	%	Jones, L H P
13	Sodium oxide	Na2O	%	Jones, L H P
14	Water in rock	H2O	%	Jones, L H P	H2O+, structural part, similar to LOI
15	Water in rock	H2O	%	Jones, L H P	H2O-
16	Deposit type	Deposit type		Jones, L H P
17	Sediment type	Sediment		Jones, L H P
18	Description	Description		Jones, L H P

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

14 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Sample ID	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 Elevation [m]	5 Depth sed [m]	6 SiO2 [%]	7 Al2O3 [%]	8 Fe2O3 [%]	9 TiO2 [%]	10 MnO2 [%]	11 MnO [%]	12 CaO [%]	13 Na2O [%]	14 H2O [%] (H2O+, structural part, simila...)	15 H2O [%] (H2O-)	16 Deposit type	17 Sediment	18 Description
Birness_J-1-J	57.4025	-1.9930	63	-4	18.92	3.32	2.88	0.28	54.24	4.66	1.65	2.17	4.99	5.88	Mn crust	Gravel	Manganese cementing fluvio-glacial deposit of gravel, overlaid by a fine, red clay. This crust material contains Birnessite