Citation:

2016GL070294

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Abstract:

Paleoceanographical studies of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 have revealed higher-than-present sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the North Atlantic and in parts of the Arctic, but lower-than-present SSTs in the Nordic Seas, the main throughflow-area of warm water into the Arctic Ocean. We resolve this contradiction by complementing SST data based on planktic foraminiferal abundances with surface salinity changes using hydrogen isotopic compositions of alkenones in a core from the central Nordic Seas. The data indicate the prevalence of a relatively cold, low-salinity, surface water layer in the Nordic Seas during most of MIS 11. In spite of the low-density surface layer, which was kept buoyant by continuous melting of surrounding glaciers, warmer Atlantic water was still propagating northward at the subsurface thus maintaining meridional overturning circulation. This study can help to better constrain the impact of continuous melting of Greenland and Arctic ice on high-latitude ocean circulation and climate.

Coverage:

Latitude: 69.250167 * Longitude: -6.321167

Date/Time Start: 1999-08-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1999-08-01T00:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 10.285 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 11.395 m

Event(s):

MD99-2277 (61F) * Latitude: 69.250167 * Longitude: -6.321167 * Date/Time: 1999-08-01T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2800.0 m * Recovery: 36.65 m * Location: Jan Mayen Ridge * Campaign: (IMAGES V) * Basis: * Method/Device: Calypso Corer (CALYPSO)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m	Kandiano, Evgenia S	Geocode
2	AGE	Age	ka BP	Kandiano, Evgenia S	Geocode
3	δ Deuterium, alkenone, C37	δD C37	‰ SMOW	Kandiano, Evgenia S
4	δ Deuterium, alkenone, C37, standard deviation	δD C37 std dev	±	Kandiano, Evgenia S
5	Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral	N. pachyderma s	%	Helmke, Jan Peter
6	Turborotalita quinqueloba	T. quinqueloba	%	Helmke, Jan Peter
7	Sea surface temperature, summer	SST sum	°C	Kandiano, Evgenia S	0-150 m water depth
8	Dissimilarity index	DISS		Kandiano, Evgenia S
9	δ Deuterium, alkenone	δD Alk	‰ SMOW	Kandiano, Evgenia S	long chain alkenones, # = averaged values
10	Difference	Diff		Kandiano, Evgenia S	Delta SSS (calculated for E. huxleyi, Schouten 2006+M'Boule, 2014), relative to reconstructed absolute salinity core top M23060, reconstruced modern SSS = 39
11	Difference	Diff		Kandiano, Evgenia S	Delta SSS (calculated for G. oceanica, Schouten et al., 2006), relative to reconstructed absolute salinity core top M23060, reconstrucetd modern SSS = 49

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

264 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Depth sed [m]	2 Age [ka BP]	3 δD C37 [‰ SMOW]	4 δD C37 std dev [±]	5 N. pachyderma s [%]	6 T. quinqueloba [%]	7 SST sum [°C] (0-150 m water depth)	8 DISS	9 δD Alk [‰ SMOW] (long chain alkenones, # = ave...)	10 Diff (Delta SSS (calculated for E. ...)	11 Diff (Delta SSS (calculated for G. ...)
10.285	381.65			94.7	2.2	1.86	0.0003
10.305	383.82			93.2	1.2	1.48	0.0010
10.335	387.08			90.0	1.2	1.48	0.0010
10.355	389.25			85.0	3.5	2.49	0.0006
10.385	392.51			87.4	3.6	2.49	0.0006
10.405	394.68			91.4	1.3	1.39	0.0009
10.435	397.93			93.4	1.1	1.48	0.0010
10.455	399.22			93.8	1.9	1.79	0.0004
10.475	400.51	-196.1
10.485	401.15			96.5	1.0	1.48	0.0011	#-191.90	-3.5	-3.4
10.495	401.80	-187.7	2.2
10.505	402.44			80.7	13.0	3.22	0.0028	#-195.59	-6.0	-5.8
10.515	403.09	-203.4	0.6
10.535	404.38	-190.4	0.5	91.4	4.6	2.21	0.0004	-190.40	-3.5	-3.4
10.555	404.91	-180.4	7.5	73.0	23.3	3.94	0.0003	-180.40	-0.6	-0.6
10.575	405.36	-186.3	4.0
10.585	405.59			86.5	9.5	2.63	0.0020	#-184.59	-1.1	-1.1
10.595	405.82	-182.8	0.3
10.605	406.05			68.2	23.3	3.94	0.0002	#-184.15	-1.8	-1.8
10.615	406.27	-185.4	4.2
10.635	406.73	-192.6	0.1	66.7	17.5	3.76	0.0008	-192.60	-4.4	-4.2
10.655	407.19	-195.9	2.7	66.5	26.0	4.11	0.0001	-195.90	-5.5	-5.4
10.675	407.64	-190.0	2.0
10.685	407.87			93.0	4.3	2.22	0.0005	#-192.13	-3.1	-3.0
10.695	408.10	-194.3	0.7
10.705	408.33			80.7	12.2	3.22	0.0029	#-192.99	-4.0	-3.9
10.715	408.55	-191.7	5.2
10.735	409.01	-191.1	4.2	89.0	5.6	2.05	0.0003	-191.10	-2.7	-2.6
10.755	409.47	-193.3		83.1	11.9	3.22	0.0032	-193.30	-4.1	-3.9
10.775	409.92	-188.0	4.6
10.785	410.15			94.8	2.6	1.86	0.0002
10.795	410.38	-186.8	2.5
10.805	410.61			94.4	2.1	1.79	0.0003
10.815	410.84	-184.5	3.9
10.835	411.29	-185.5	3.5	99.0	0.0	1.48	0.0135
10.855	411.82	-189.5	0.8	89.0	7.2	2.44	0.0007
10.875	412.36	-187.3
10.885	412.66			98.0	0.7	1.48	0.0017
10.895	412.96	-186.5	3.0
10.905	413.27			94.8	2.0	1.79	0.0003
10.915	413.57	-185.4	0.3
10.935	414.18	-184.6	3.0	93.0	2.0	1.79	0.0003
10.955	414.78	-181.6	1.6	92.2	3.1	2.14	0.0004
10.985	415.69			94.8	2.2	1.86	0.0003
10.995	416.00	-174.0	14.7
11.005	416.30			88.3	2.3	1.86	0.0002
11.015	416.60	-182.5	0.5
11.035	417.21	-176.1	3.4	91.7	0.5	1.48	0.0024
11.055	417.82	-179.3	0.6	97.0	0.7	1.48	0.0017
11.075	418.43	-169.5	5.8
11.085	418.73			97.5	1.3	1.48	0.0010
11.095	419.03	-177.6	1.0
11.105	419.34			94.0	3.0	2.09	0.0004
11.115	419.64	-178.2	1.9
11.135	420.25	-173.1	4.1	94.7	3.5	2.14	0.0004
11.155	420.65	-169.0	8.9	95.0	0.0	1.48	0.0135
11.175	420.78	-182.5	8.0
11.195	420.90	-174.2
11.215	421.02	-171.6
11.255	421.26	-183.0
11.275	421.38	-176.4	0.5
11.295	421.51	-173.1	4.0
11.315	421.63	-160.9	11.2
11.335	421.75	-172.4	2.7
11.355	421.87	-172.8	0.6
11.375	421.99	-154.5	2.8
11.395	422.12	-161.6	2.7