Citation:

srep23728

Name: Maintained larval growth in mussel larvae exposed to acidified undersaturated seawater
Published: 2016-06-27
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Behaviour; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; Pelagos; Single species; Temperate; Zooplankton

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Abstract:

Ocean acidification (OA) is known to affect bivalve early life-stages. We tested responses of blue mussel larvae to a wide range of pH in order to identify their tolerance threshold. Our results confirmed that decreasing seawater pH and decreasing saturation state increases larval mortality rate and the percentage of abnormally developing larvae. Virtually no larvae reared at average pHT 7.16 were able to feed or reach the D-shell stage and their development appeared to be arrested at the trochophore stage. However larvae were capable of reaching the D-shell stage under milder acidification (pHT=7.35, 7.6, 7.85) including in under-saturated seawater with omega Aragonite as low as 0.54±0.01 (mean±s. e. m.), with a tipping point for normal development identified at pHT 7.765. Additionally growth rate of normally developing larvae was not affected by lower pHT despite potential increased energy costs associated with compensatory calcification in response to increased shell dissolution. Overall, our results on OA impacts on mussel larvae suggest an average pHT of 7.16 is beyond their physiological tolerance threshold and indicate a shift in energy allocation towards growth in some individuals revealing potential OA resilience.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Behaviour; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; Mytilus edulis; North Atlantic; Pelagos; Single species; Temperate; Zooplankton

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse (2015): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0.8. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: 58.248210 * Longitude: 11.438010

Date/Time Start: 2014-04-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2014-04-30T00:00:00

Event(s):

Blabarsholmen * Latitude: 58.248210 * Longitude: 11.438010 * Date/Time: 2014-04-30T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In table 1 of the paper, "7.80 ± 0.031" in the column of measured pH is a spelling mistake, the correct value is "7.86± 0.031". This spelling mistake only applies to this table and does not affect analyses in any way.

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2015) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-06-24.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Ventura, Alexander		study
2	Species	Species		Ventura, Alexander
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Ventura, Alexander
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Ventura, Alexander		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Figure	Fig		Ventura, Alexander
6	Treatment	Treat		Ventura, Alexander
7	pH	pH		Ventura, Alexander		average, total scale
8	Mortality	Mortality		Ventura, Alexander		ln (relative density) ln (1/day)
9	Abnormality	Abn	%	Ventura, Alexander		larvae
10	Growth rate	µ	mm/day	Ventura, Alexander
11	Feeding rate per individual	Feed rate/ind	ng/#/h	Ventura, Alexander
12	Feeding rate, standard error	Feed rate std e	±	Ventura, Alexander
13	Calcification rate	Calc rate	%	Ventura, Alexander		relative
14	Calcification rate, standard error	Calc rate std e	±	Ventura, Alexander		relative
15	Dissolution rate	Diss rate	%	Ventura, Alexander		relative
16	Dissolution rate, standard error	Diss rate std e	±	Ventura, Alexander		relative
17	Incubation duration	Inc dur	days	Ventura, Alexander
18	Length	l	µm	Ventura, Alexander		larval
19	pH	pH		Ventura, Alexander		mean for each treatment, total scale
20	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Ventura, Alexander
21	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Ventura, Alexander
22	Salinity	Sal		Ventura, Alexander
23	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

6699 data points

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