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Rahlff, Janina; Stolle, Christian; Giebel, Helge-Ansgar; Brinkhoff, Thorsten; Ribas-Ribas, Mariana; Hodapp, Dorothee; Wurl, Oliver (2016): Sea-surface microlayer characteristics during METEOR cruise M117, Baltic Sea [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.861664, Supplement to: Rahlff, J et al. (2017): High wind speeds prevent formation of a distinct bacterioneuston community in the sea-surface microlayer. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, fix041, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fix041

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Abstract:
The sea-surface microlayer (SML) at the boundary between atmosphere and hydrosphere represents a demanding habitat for bacteria. Wind speed is a crucial but poorly studied factor for its physical integrity. Increasing atmospheric burden of CO2, as suggested for future climate scenarios, may particularly act on this habitat at the air-sea interface. We investigated the effect of increasing wind speeds and different pCO2 levels on SML microbial communities in a wind-wave tunnel, which offered the advantage of low spatial and temporal variability. We found that enrichment of bacteria in the SML occurred solely at a U10 wind speed of <=5.6 m/s in the tunnel and <=4.1 m/s in the Baltic Sea. High pCO2 levels further intensified the bacterial enrichment in the SML during low wind speed. In addition, low wind speed and pCO2 induced the formation of a distinctive bacterial community as revealed by 16S rRNA gene fingerprints and influenced the presence or absence of individual taxonomic units within the SML. We conclude that physical stability of the SML below a system-specific wind speed threshold induces specific bacterial communities in the SML entailing strong implications for ecosystem functioning by wind-driven impacts on habitat properties, gas-exchange and matter cycling processes.
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 57.512100 * Median Longitude: 19.040616 * South-bound Latitude: 56.283300 * West-bound Longitude: 16.590000 * North-bound Latitude: 59.766700 * East-bound Longitude: 23.625000
Date/Time Start: 2015-07-30T10:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2015-08-12T09:15:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 0 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 1 m
Event(s):
M117_603-49  * Latitude Start: 57.320170 * Longitude Start: 20.050170 * Latitude End: 57.342670 * Longitude End: 20.077170 * Date/Time Start: 2015-07-30T09:23:00 * Date/Time End: 2015-07-30T12:28:59 * Elevation Start: -242.9 m * Elevation End: -243.7 m * Location: Baltic Sea * Campaign: M117 * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: Buoy (BUOY)
M117_607-11  * Latitude Start: 56.287000 * Longitude Start: 16.590500 * Latitude End: 56.302670 * Longitude End: 16.618170 * Date/Time Start: 2015-08-01T11:14:00 * Date/Time End: 2015-08-01T15:03:00 * Elevation Start: -15.4 m * Elevation End: -23.6 m * Location: Baltic Sea * Campaign: M117 * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: Buoy (BUOY)
M117_608-9  * Latitude Start: 56.283500 * Longitude Start: 16.647830 * Latitude End: 56.291330 * Longitude End: 16.662500 * Date/Time Start: 2015-08-02T07:29:00 * Date/Time End: 2015-08-02T15:14:00 * Elevation Start: -31.9 m * Elevation End: -39.7 m * Location: Baltic Sea * Campaign: M117 * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: Buoy (BUOY)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 Event labelEventRahlff, Janina
2 Station labelStationRahlff, Janina
3 DEPTH, waterDepth watermRahlff, JaninaGeocode – min
4 DEPTH, waterDepth watermRahlff, JaninaGeocode – max
5 LATITUDELatitudeRahlff, JaninaGeocode
6 LONGITUDELongitudeRahlff, JaninaGeocode
7 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeRahlff, JaninaGeocode
8 Wind speedffm/sRahlff, Janinafrom DSHIP
9 Wind speedffm/sRahlff, Janina1h mean; from DSHIP
10 Wind speedffm/sRahlff, Janina6h mean; from DSHIP
11 Temperature, waterTemp°CRahlff, Janinamean DSHIP
12 Depth of Secchi Diskz(SD)mRahlff, Janina
13 Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiationSWDW/m2Rahlff, Janina
14 Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiationSWDW/m2Rahlff, Janina1h mean
15 Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiationSWDW/m2Rahlff, Janina6h mean
16 Ultraviolet radiationUV radW/m2Rahlff, Janina
17 Ultraviolet radiationUV radW/m2Rahlff, Janina1h mean
18 Ultraviolet radiationUV radW/m2Rahlff, Janina6h mean
19 BacteriaBact#/mlRahlff, JaninaSML=Microlayer
20 BacteriaBact#/mlRahlff, JaninaULW=water at 1m depth
21 Enrichment factorEFRahlff, JaninaBacteria
22 PicoplanktonPicopl#/lRahlff, JaninaSML=Microlayer
23 PicoplanktonPicopl#/lRahlff, JaninaULW=water at 1m depth
24 Enrichment factorEFRahlff, JaninaPicoplankton
25 NanoplanktonNanopl#/mlRahlff, JaninaSML=Microlayer
26 NanoplanktonNanopl#/mlRahlff, JaninaULW=water at 1m depth
27 Enrichment factorEFRahlff, JaninaNanoplankton
28 EukaryotesEuka#/mlRahlff, JaninaSML=Microlayer
29 EukaryotesEuka#/mlRahlff, JaninaULW=water at 1m depth
30 Enrichment factorEFRahlff, JaninaEukaryotic plankton
License:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-NC-3.0)
Size:
450 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Event		2 
Station		3 
Depth water [m]
(min)		4 
Depth water [m]
(max)		5 
Latitude		6 
Longitude		7 
Date/Time		8 
ff [m/s]
(from DSHIP)		9 
ff [m/s]
(1h mean; from DSHIP)		10 
ff [m/s]
(6h mean; from DSHIP)		11 
Temp [°C]
(mean DSHIP)		12 
z(SD) [m]		13 
SWD [W/m2]		14 
SWD [W/m2]
(1h mean)		15 
SWD [W/m2]
(6h mean)		16 
UV rad [W/m2]		17 
UV rad [W/m2]
(1h mean)		18 
UV rad [W/m2]
(6h mean)		19 
Bact [#/ml]
(SML=Microlayer)		20 
Bact [#/ml]
(ULW=water at 1m depth)		21 
EF
(Bacteria)		22 
Picopl [#/l]
(SML=Microlayer)		23 
Picopl [#/l]
(ULW=water at 1m depth)		24 
EF
(Picoplankton)		25 
Nanopl [#/ml]
(SML=Microlayer)		26 
Nanopl [#/ml]
(ULW=water at 1m depth)		27 
EF
(Nanoplankton)		28 
Euka [#/ml]
(SML=Microlayer)		29 
Euka [#/ml]
(ULW=water at 1m depth)		30 
EF
(Eukaryotic plankton)
M117_603-49 TF02710157.320020.05002015-07-30T10:00:009.810.49.416.1774.070145843.8940.8525.913.22E62.97E61.0817.5018.300.95601058801.0223.7E324.5E30.97
M117_607-11 UP10156.290016.60002015-08-01T12:00:0010.510.49.48.9832.081163045.2435.0441.601.16E61.11E61.0511.0010.501.04285025701.1114.2E313.4E31.06
M117_607-11UP1b0156.286716.59002015-08-01T17:30:007.48.19.38.1138.01225416.606.5329.33925E3919E31.019.069.570.95284029000.9812.5E313.1E30.96
M117_608-9 UP30156.283316.64502015-08-02T06:45:003.73.83.29.611.0365.039311620.4521.565.942.42E61.84E61.3121.8014.301.52742029602.5130.3E317.7E31.71
M117_608-9UP3b0156.283316.65332015-08-02T10:15:003.62.73.510.0632.066243738.3939.8224.492.03E61.98E61.0216.8017.300.97380040400.9421.5E322.2E30.97
M117_609-9 UP20156.283316.71172015-08-03T11:15:003.84.03.813.49.0769.076757946.9646.8234.303.38E63.12E61.0921.8017.301.26635059701.0628.8E324.5E31.17
M117_609-9UP2-Foam0156.283316.71002015-08-03T11:30:004.53.93.710.89.0763.076260146.6646.5335.714.26E63.12E61.3741.0018.702.20933059701.5652.3E324.5E32.14
M117_609-9UP2b0156.288316.70172015-08-03T19:20:005.95.95.513.60.012970.080.1716.812.29E62.09E61.1020.8018.101.15635050201.2728.3E323.8E31.19
M117_610-7 UP40156.285016.90672015-08-04T07:15:007.17.37.015.96.0545.054517528.5826.948.543.69E63.78E60.9817.5018.300.95491054900.8923.0E324.3E30.95
M117_614-24 TF2840158.583318.23002015-08-06T07:30:002.63.45.516.25.0528.045915230.8028.098.894.89E64.73E61.0319.0020.200.94540064100.8424.7E327.0E30.92
M117_618-10 UP50159.766723.62002015-08-08T10:30:008.07.87.217.34.0507.055841931.5233.6723.858.13E67.96E61.0216.2016.900.96603066000.9123.0E324.3E30.95
M117_618-10UP5b0159.766723.62502015-08-08T18:15:008.78.67.615.48.081740.370.3211.356.73E67.38E60.9116.3015.401.06619057201.0823.3E321.8E31.06
M117_619-8 UP60159.698323.22002015-08-09T07:20:004.94.75.016.94.5445.040014926.2224.489.536.83E65.72E61.2022.2022.700.98887079601.1131.6E331.2E31.01
M117_623-23 TF286a0157.998319.90002015-08-11T04:30:003.33.32.918.14.5151.0149156.446.650.784.84E64.09E61.1811.7012.000.97601053801.1217.9E317.9E31.00
M117_623-23TF286b0157.998319.90002015-08-11T06:10:004.44.43.618.33.0346.03558718.8518.614.244.46E64.51E60.998.969.540.94471045701.0313.9E314.5E30.96
M117_623-23TF286c0158.000019.89502015-08-11T07:55:004.34.64.118.34.5559.056522131.7631.8811.614.59E64.53E61.0110.9010.801.01592052601.1217.3E316.5E31.05
M117_623-23TF286d0158.001719.89332015-08-11T09:00:004.74.64.318.55.0636.064633137.4037.8017.954.77E64.40E61.0811.0010.101.08553046501.1917.2E315.3E31.13
M117_623-23TF286e0158.001719.88832015-08-11T09:52:003.44.24.318.64.5695.067142341.3340.3023.364.51E64.37E61.0310.3011.300.91548057700.9516.3E317.6E30.93
M117_629-9 TF0271_20157.311720.03172015-08-12T09:15:004.64.25.119.45.057.01562185.3011.8613.403.31E63.39E60.9711.5014.000.83567080500.7017.7E322.3E30.79