Citation:

NCLIMATE2768

Name: Temperature dependence of CO2-enhanced primary production in the European Arctic Ocean
Published: 2015
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Arctic; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Laboratory experiment; Pelagos; Polar; Primary production/Photosynthesis

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Abstract:

The Arctic Ocean is warming at two to three times the global rate and is perceived to be a bellwether for ocean acidification. Increased CO2 concentrations are expected to have a fertilization effect on marine autotrophs, and higher temperatures should lead to increased rates of planktonic primary production. Yet, simultaneous assessment of warming and increased CO2 on primary production in the Arctic has not been conducted. Here we test the expectation that CO2-enhanced gross primary production (GPP) may be temperature dependent, using data from several oceanographic cruises and experiments from both spring and summer in the European sector of the Arctic Ocean. Results confirm that CO2 enhances GPP (by a factor of up to ten) over a range of 145-2,099 µatm; however, the greatest effects are observed only at lower temperatures and are constrained by nutrient and light availability to the spring period. The temperature dependence of CO2-enhanced primary production has significant implications for metabolic balance in a warmer, CO2-enriched Arctic Ocean in the future. In particular, it indicates that a twofold increase in primary production during the spring is likely in the Arctic.

Keyword(s):

Arctic; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Entire community; Laboratory experiment; Pelagos; Polar; Primary production/Photosynthesis

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse (2015): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0.8. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 78.900000 * Median Longitude: 11.405000 * South-bound Latitude: 78.080000 * West-bound Longitude: 9.340000 * North-bound Latitude: 79.720000 * East-bound Longitude: 13.470000

Date/Time Start: 2010-06-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2014-05-23T00:00:00

Event(s):

Isfjorden_Svalbard * Latitude: 78.080000 * Longitude: 13.470000 * Date/Time: 2010-06-23T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Isfjorden_Svalbard_spring * Latitude: 79.720000 * Longitude: 9.340000 * Date/Time: 2014-05-23T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2015) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-05-16.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Holding, Johnna
2	Type	Type		Holding, Johnna		study
3	Experiment	Exp		Holding, Johnna
4	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Holding, Johnna
5	Temperature, water, standard error	T std e	±	Holding, Johnna
6	pH	pH		Holding, Johnna		total scale
7	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Holding, Johnna	Potentiometric titration
8	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Holding, Johnna	Calculated using CO2SYS
9	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Holding, Johnna	Coulometric titration
10	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Holding, Johnna
11	Silicate	Si(OH)4	µmol/l	Holding, Johnna
12	Nitrate and Nitrite	[NO3]- + [NO2]-	µmol/l	Holding, Johnna
13	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/l	Holding, Johnna
14	Chlorophyll a, standard error	Chl a std e	±	Holding, Johnna
15	Gross primary production of oxygen	GGP O2	µmol/l/day	Holding, Johnna
16	Gross primary production, standard deviation	GOX std dev	±	Holding, Johnna
17	Gross primary production of oxygen per chlorophyll a	GPP/chl a	µmol/µg/day	Holding, Johnna
18	Gross primary production, standard deviation	GOX std dev	±	Holding, Johnna
19	Salinity	Sal		Holding, Johnna
20	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
21	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

700 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Type (study)	3 Exp	4 Temp [°C]	5 T std e [±]	6 pH (total scale)	7 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	8 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	9 DIC [µmol/kg] (Coulometric titration)	10 [PO4]3- [µmol/l]	11 Si(OH)4 [µmol/l]	12 [NO3]- + [NO2]- [µmol/l]	13 Chl a [µg/l]	14 Chl a std e [±]	15 GGP O2 [µmol/l/day]	16 GOX std dev [±]	17 GPP/chl a [µmol/µg/day]	18 GOX std dev [±]	19 Sal	20 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	21 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	22 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	23 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	24 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	25 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	26 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	27 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	28 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	1.41		8.25	2242.52	222.44	2040.60	0.22	0.61	0.04	0.64		10.63	0.03	16.60	0.03	33.5	8	13.43	223.54	224.51	1887.72	140.47	2041.62	2.13	3.39
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	1.94	0.05	8.19	2240.04	262.71	2061.65	0.15	0.58	0.13	0.51	0.01	0.81	0.12	1.59	0.21	33.5	8	15.43	262.07	263.20	1919.06	127.10	2061.59	1.92	3.06
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	1.64	0.04	8.17	2235.11	274.79	2066.72	0.15	0.53	0.01	0.36	0.01	1.27	0.71	3.42	1.93	33.5	8	16.40	275.33	276.52	1930.20	120.60	2067.20	1.83	2.91
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	1.23	0.13	8.09	2244.00	337.99	2108.54	0.12	0.48	0.03	0.47	0.05					33.5	8	20.54	339.62	341.09	1987.14	101.55	2109.23	1.54	2.45
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	2.30	0.08	7.90	2234.89	555.64	2159.33	0.14	0.55	0.03	0.84	0.17	13.54		11.47		33.5	8	31.89	548.96	551.31	2055.53	70.86	2158.28	1.07	1.71
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	1.94	0.05	8.22	2234.63	246.84	2001.27	0.15	0.59	0.14	0.35	0.01	1.45	0.36	4.10	0.80	33.5	8	14.22	241.50	242.54	1894.94	134.48	2043.64	2.04	3.24
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	1.64	0.04	8.40	2217.51	145.13	1900.31	0.13	0.43	0.02	0.19	0.04	2.40	1.54	15.17	9.46	33.5	8	8.75	146.89	147.53	1748.86	185.56	1943.17	2.81	4.48
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	1.23	0.13	7.84	2248.06	653.49	2169.56	0.17	0.49	0.01	0.24	0.02	12.61	3.29	48.88	10.05	33.5	8	38.53	636.86	639.63	2095.46	60.22	2194.20	0.91	1.45
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	2.30	0.08	7.36	2229.75	2059.92	2291.94	0.12	0.44	0.05	0.33	0.03	7.57		19.42	0.00	33.5	8	116.98	2013.97	2022.60	2174.87	21.62	2313.48	0.33	0.52
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	7.48	0.22	7.79	2235.18	760.45	2192.51	0.13	0.51	0.16	0.34	0.03	3.23	0.04	9.44	1.47	33.5	8	35.67	740.06	743.02	2064.29	68.06	2168.01	1.03	1.64
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	5.88	0.13	7.54	2225.44	1306.33	2254.38	0.15	0.46	0.04	0.29	0.05	4.40	1.62	17.70	3.81	33.5	8	68.42	1342.38	1347.86	2131.89	37.08	2237.39	0.56	0.89
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	6.38	0.06	7.62	2246.30	1085.23	2254.35	0.21	0.45	0.06	0.20	0.02	1.93		10.14		33.5	8	56.13	1120.89	1125.44	2131.86	45.48	2233.47	0.69	1.09
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	6.79	0.18	7.49	2239.55	1497.19	2281.68	0.13	0.41	0.07	0.47	0.05	9.83	4.55	22.26	10.87	33.5	8	75.60	1531.56	1537.74	2152.50	34.60	2262.71	0.53	0.83
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	7.70	0.33	7.95	2232.83	503.59	2095.52	0.13	0.56	0.11	0.52	0.02	2.24		4.30		33.5	8	23.68	495.03	497.01	1992.53	95.79	2112.00	1.46	2.30
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	6.06	0.04	7.81	2235.59	715.04	2150.83	0.14	0.46	0.04	0.36	0.02	1.72	1.27	5.00	3.75	33.5	8	35.43	699.60	702.45	2065.99	67.39	2168.81	1.02	1.62
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	6.43	0.04	7.70	2248.03	944.32	2195.78	0.16	0.44	0.20	0.41	0.07	7.97	2.36	21.37	0.60	33.5	8	46.18	923.82	927.57	2111.61	54.27	2212.06	0.82	1.31
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	6.64	0.25	7.59	2241.09	1234.39	2220.95	0.12	0.44	0.09	0.78	0.11					33.5	8	59.75	1204.23	1209.10	2133.17	42.91	2235.84	0.65	1.03
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	10.64	0.05	7.99	2231.82	454.39	2097.91	0.12	0.49	0.00	0.41	0.05	2.97	0.77	7.70	2.66	33.5	8	19.52	450.38	452.10	1944.38	115.11	2079.01	1.76	2.77
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	9.86	0.00	7.83	2237.56	664.83	2164.73	0.14	0.35	0.02	0.42	0.13					33.5	8	30.13	677.55	680.18	2035.40	80.85	2146.37	1.23	1.94
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	10.19	0.09	7.72	2246.96	870.45	2203.83	0.20	0.37	0.05	0.37	0.06	7.11	0.33	18.33	4.22	33.5	8	39.41	896.00	899.46	2084.26	65.10	2188.78	0.99	1.57
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	10.27	0.09	7.61	2236.01	1145.95	2223.79	0.11	0.37	0.10	0.24	0.03	4.04	2.57	14.71	7.36	33.5	8	51.24	1168.00	1172.50	2107.81	51.27	2210.32	0.78	1.23
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	10.43	0.16	8.20	2230.68	259.30	1985.57	0.12	0.47	0.06	0.33	0.01	2.57	1.18	7.66	3.26	33.5	8	11.22	257.02	258.01	1802.35	171.63	1985.20	2.62	4.13
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	9.83	0.02	8.31	2237.18	187.75	1934.00	0.12	0.37	0.03	0.19	0.02	3.14		13.66		33.5	8	8.45	189.81	190.55	1722.39	206.37	1937.21	3.15	4.96
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	10.25	0.05	7.62	2245.20	1146.67	2216.32	0.19	0.37	0.03	0.19	0.05	3.40		12.14		33.5	8	50.24	1144.47	1148.89	2113.78	52.57	2216.58	0.80	1.26
Isfjorden_Svalbard	laboratory	Summer	10.37	0.04	7.40	2242.49	1946.45	2278.20	0.09	0.27	0.14	0.39	0.09	1.54	0.90	4.05	2.93	33.5	8	84.98	1943.66	1951.15	2161.17	32.54	2278.70	0.50	0.78
Isfjorden_Svalbard_spring	laboratory	Spring			8.42		142.50	1984.23						6.22	0.13	0.46	0.01	33.9
Isfjorden_Svalbard_spring	laboratory	Spring			8.25		225.10	2065.11						13.08	0.47	0.97	0.03	33.9
Isfjorden_Svalbard_spring	laboratory	Spring			8.09		341.32	2130.40						10.17	0.76	0.76	0.06	33.9
Isfjorden_Svalbard_spring	laboratory	Spring			7.88		570.12	2196.74						6.84	0.60	0.51	0.04	33.9
Isfjorden_Svalbard_spring	laboratory	Spring			7.61		1096.48	2271.15						12.61	1.16	0.94	0.09	33.9