/* DATA DESCRIPTION:
Citation:	Jenkyns, Hugh C (1970): Field observation of fossil manganese nodules and crusts in the the West Sicilian Jurassic limestone beds [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.858460, 
	Supplement to: Jenkyns, HC (1970): Fossil managese nodules from the West Sicilian Jurassic. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 63(2), 741-774, https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-163867
Abstract:	Fossil ferromanganese crusts, nodules and pavements are contained in stratigraphically condensed pelagic limestones from the Middle Jurassic of western Sicily; and a similar association of iron-manganese deposits with condensed pelagic sequences is notable throughout the Tethyan region. The west Sicilian concretions contain goethite, haematite and todokorite as fine-grained phases; their internal structure consists of iron-manganese segregations in a calcite matrix. Electron-microprobe study indicates that the amount of iron and manganese varies considerably in nodules from different localities, notwithstanding the disparity in carbonate content; and the same is true of the minor elements. The most consistently established inter-element relationships are Ni, Ba with Mn, and Ti with Fe - but these associations are by no means invariably developed. For western Sicily, submarine volcanism seems to have been the most immediate source of supply for the formation of the concretions; and this may well have been the case elsewhere in the Alpine- Mediterranean region; however, the Jurassic was a time of widespread sedimentary iron-ore formation in epicontinental northern Europe, and river drainage must have also supplied some manganese to the Tethyan Ocean. These mineral concretions are interpreted as being formed on ancient limestone (non-volcanic) seamounts. The presence of algal stromatolites in many of the condensed sequences suggests formation within the photic zone; and this relatively shallow-water origin may have affected the minor-element composition of the concretions, particularly with reference to copper and vanadium.
Related to:	Fig. 8 Fossil ferromanganese nodules from various localities of Middle Jurassic limestone in western Sicily (URI: hdl:10013/epic.46903.d011)
	Fig.10 Iron-manganese crust with "cauliflower" structures in limestone. Vertical section. Monte Inici, Western Sicily (URI: hdl:10013/epic.46903.d012)
	Fig.12 Ferromanganese-encrusted ammonites from various localities of Middle Jurassic limestone in western Sicily (URI: hdl:10013/epic.46903.d014)
Project(s):	NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database (NOAA-MMS) (URI: https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/NOAA-MMS)
Coverage:	MEDIAN LATITUDE: 37.868805 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 13.117417 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 37.625480 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 12.826494 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 38.013782 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 13.340833
	MINIMUM DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.000 m * MAXIMUM DEPTH, sediment/rock: 5.250 m
Event(s):	JENK1 * LATITUDE: 38.013782 * LONGITUDE: 12.826494 * ELEVATION: 150.0 m * LOCATION: Monte Inici, Sicily * METHOD/DEVICE: Hammer (HAM)
	JENK5 * LATITUDE: 37.866762 * LONGITUDE: 13.182636 * ELEVATION: 282.0 m * LOCATION: Monte Galiello, Sicily * METHOD/DEVICE: Hammer (HAM)
	JENK6 * LATITUDE: 37.625480 * LONGITUDE: 12.983288 * ELEVATION: 202.0 m * LOCATION: Monte Arencio, Sicily * METHOD/DEVICE: Hammer (HAM)
	JENK8 * LATITUDE: 37.870333 * LONGITUDE: 13.340833 * ELEVATION: 772.0 m * LOCATION: Rocca Argenteria, Sicily * METHOD/DEVICE: Hammer (HAM)
	JENK9 * LATITUDE: 37.967667 * LONGITUDE: 13.253833 * ELEVATION: 1124.0 m * LOCATION: Monte Kumeta, Sicily * METHOD/DEVICE: Hammer (HAM)
Comment:	From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Parameter(s):	Event label (Event) * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
	Identification (ID) * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
	DEPTH, sediment/rock [m] (Depth sed) * GEOCODE * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
	Deposit type (Deposit type) * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
	Substrate type (Substrate) * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
	Description (Description) * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
	File name (File name) * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
	Uniform resource locator/link to image (URL image) * PI: Jenkyns, Hugh C (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-0984, hughj@earth.ox.ac.uk)
License:	Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
Size:	28 data points
*/
Event	ID	Depth sed [m]	Deposit type	Substrate	Description	File name	URL image
JENK1	JENK1-1-11	0.000	Mn nodule		Large discoid manganese nodule at bedding surface	Fig11_Jenkyns_1970.jpg	hdl:10013/epic.46903.d013
JENK5	JENK5-1-3	5.250	Fe-Mn crust	Rock; limestone	Ferromanganese crust capping a white Liassic limestone with Strornatactis cavities, overlain by lensing Toarcian iron pisolite. Polished section	Fig3_Jenkyns2_1970.jpg	hdl:10013/epic.46903.d008
JENK6	JENK6-1-4	0.000	Mn nodule	Core; iron pisolite	Polished section of a ferromanganese nodule with an iron pisolite core	Fig4_Jenkyns2_1970.jpg	hdl:10013/epic.46903.d009
JENK8	JENK8-1-3	2.300	Mn nodule		Bed of ferromanganese nodules with a distinctive concentric layered structure	Fig3_Jenkyns_1970.jpg	hdl:10013/epic.46903.d007
JENK9	JENK9-1-5	0.000	Fe-Mn crust	Rock; limestone	Thick ferromanganese crust with limestone interstices. Bedding surface	Fig5_Jenkyns_1970.jpg	hdl:10013/epic.46903.d010