Arrhenius, Gustaf (1963): (Table II, page 668-669) Distribution of elements between minerals soluble in 1M Hydroxylamine hydrochloride (Reducible); in 1m HCL (Acid-soluble) and in the insoluble residue of manganese nodules [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854988, Supplement to: Arrhenius, G (1963): Pelagic sediments. In: Hill, M.N. (Ed.) The Earth Beneath the Sea, History, The Sea - Ideas and Observations on Progress in the Study of the Seas, Wiley J, New York, U.S.A., 3, 655-727, hdl:10013/epic.46253.d001
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Abstract:
Attempts to classify pelagic sediments have been based either on appearance and composition, or on the ultimate origin of the components. In particular it appears feasible to distinguish minerals which crystallized in sea-water from those which formed in magmas, in hydrothermal solution, or by weathering under acidic conditions. It is the case of iron and manganese oxide mineral aggregates which constitute one of the major types of rock encountered on the ocean floor; according to Menard (unpublished) about 10% of the pelagic area of the Pacific is covered by such nodules. The nodules consist of intimately intergrown crystallites of different minerals among those identified, besides detrital minerals and organic matter, are opal, goethite, rutile, anatase, barite, nontronite, and at least three manganese oxide minerals of major importance. Arrhenius and Korkisch (1959) have attempted to separate from each other the different minerals constituting the nodules, in order to establish the details of their structure and the localization of the heavy metal ions. The results demonstrate (Table II) that copper and nickel are concentrated in the manganese oxide phases concentrated in the reducible fraction. Cobalt, part of the nickel and most of the chromium are distributed between these and the acid-soluble group of the non-manganese minerals, dominated by goethite and disordered FeOOH.
Source:
Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
Further details:
Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
Project(s):
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 2.828762 * Median Longitude: -121.521386 * South-bound Latitude: -25.517000 * West-bound Longitude: -155.916700 * North-bound Latitude: 40.235000 * East-bound Longitude: -85.233000
Date/Time Start: 1904-12-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1958-01-26T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.000 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.000 m
Event(s):
ALBTR-2 (ALB-2) * Latitude: 28.383333 * Longitude: -126.950000 * Elevation: -4331.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Albatross1899-1900 * Basis: Albatross (1882-1921) * Method/Device: Dredge (DRG)
ALBTR-13 (ALB-13) * Latitude: 9.950000 * Longitude: -137.783333 * Elevation: -4919.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Albatross1899-1900 * Basis: Albatross (1882-1921) * Method/Device: Dredge (DRG)
ALBTR-4711 * Latitude: -7.791667 * Longitude: -94.091667 * Date/Time: 1904-12-31T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4097.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Albatross1904-1905 * Basis: Albatross (1882-1921) * Method/Device: Dredge (DRG)
Comment:
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | Arrhenius, Gustaf | |||
| 2 | Identification | ID | Arrhenius, Gustaf | |||
| 3 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Geocode | |
| 4 | Reducible total | Red tot | % | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | |
| 5 | Copper | Cu | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 6 | Nickel | Ni | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 7 | Cobalt | Co | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 8 | Chromium | Cr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 9 | Iron | Fe | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 10 | Manganese | Mn | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 11 | Molybdenum | Mo | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 12 | Lead | Pb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 13 | Titanium | Ti | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 14 | Scandium | Sc | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 15 | Lanthanum | La | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 16 | Yttrium | Y | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 17 | Ytterbium | Yb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 18 | Zirconium | Zr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 19 | Thorium | Th | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 20 | Barium | Ba | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 21 | Strontium | Sr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in manganese oxide minerals |
| 22 | Acid soluble, total | Acid sol tot | % | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | |
| 23 | Copper | Cu | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 24 | Nickel | Ni | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 25 | Cobalt | Co | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 26 | Chromium | Cr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 27 | Iron | Fe | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 28 | Manganese | Mn | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 29 | Molybdenum | Mo | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 30 | Lead | Pb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 31 | Titanium | Ti | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 32 | Scandium | Sc | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 33 | Lanthanum | La | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 34 | Yttrium | Y | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 35 | Ytterbium | Yb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 36 | Zirconium | Zr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 37 | Thorium | Th | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 38 | Barium | Ba | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 39 | Strontium | Sr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 40 | Niobium | Nb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in goethite and nontronite |
| 41 | Residual | Residual | % | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | |
| 42 | Copper | Cu | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 43 | Nickel | Ni | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 44 | Cobalt | Co | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 45 | Chromium | Cr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 46 | Iron | Fe | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 47 | Manganese | Mn | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 48 | Molybdenum | Mo | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 49 | Lead | Pb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 50 | Titanium | Ti | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 51 | Scandium | Sc | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 52 | Lanthanum | La | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 53 | Yttrium | Y | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 54 | Ytterbium | Yb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 55 | Zirconium | Zr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 56 | Thorium | Th | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 57 | Barium | Ba | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 58 | Strontium | Sr | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
| 59 | Niobium | Nb | mg/kg | Arrhenius, Gustaf | Optical spectrographic analysis | in acid insoluble residue |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
386 data points
Data
| 1 Event | 2 ID | 3 Depth sed [m] | 4 Red tot [%] | 5 Cu [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 6 Ni [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 7 Co [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 8 Cr [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 9 Fe [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 10 Mn [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 11 Mo [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 12 Pb [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 13 Ti [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 14 Sc [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 15 La [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 16 Y [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 17 Yb [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 18 Zr [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 19 Th [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 20 Ba [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 21 Sr [mg/kg] (in manganese oxide minerals) | 22 Acid sol tot [%] | 23 Cu [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 24 Ni [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 25 Co [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 26 Cr [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 27 Fe [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 28 Mn [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 29 Mo [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 30 Pb [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 31 Ti [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 32 Sc [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 33 La [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 34 Y [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 35 Yb [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 36 Zr [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 37 Th [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 38 Ba [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 39 Sr [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 40 Nb [mg/kg] (in goethite and nontronite) | 41 Residual [%] | 42 Cu [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 43 Ni [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 44 Co [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 45 Cr [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 46 Fe [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 47 Mn [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 48 Mo [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 49 Pb [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 50 Ti [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 51 Sc [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 52 La [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 53 Y [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 54 Yb [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 55 Zr [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 56 Th [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 57 Ba [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 58 Sr [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) | 59 Nb [mg/kg] (in acid insoluble residue) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALBTR-2 | ALBTR-2-1-AR | 0.000 | 43.6 | 2000 | 1100 | 33 | 7 | 4400 | 424240 | 220 | 242 | 0 | 220 | 17 | 2 | 70 | 0.0 | 3000 | 450 | 47.6 | 200 | 300 | 80 | 20 | 4400 | 8000 | 150 | 1400 | 8 | 150 | 55 | 6 | 114 | 8.5 | 3000 | 45 | 8.8 | 45 | 30 | 0 | 60 | 15000 | 800 | 2 | 0 | 4000 | 15 | 2 | 15 | 1 | 390 | 37.5 | 1000 | 100 | 0 | |||
| DWHD72 | DWHD72-1-AR | 0.000 | 70.0 | 800 | 2200 | 3300 | 7 | 30000 | 661490 | 250 | 60 | 785 | 4 | 200 | 130 | 9 | 61 | 0.0 | 500 | 200 | 13.8 | 210 | 1100 | 9900 | 28 | 240000 | 8000 | 700 | 150 | 7600 | 0 | 300 | 250 | 20 | 36 | 58.4 | 1000 | 50 | 30 | 16.0 | 20 | 7 | 35 | 0 | 100000 | 45 | 11 | 0 | 3330 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 343 | 0.0 | 140 | 3 | 40 |
| ALBTR-4711 | ALBTR-4711-2-AR | 0.000 | 84.4 | 3000 | >1000 | 250 | 4 | 10000 | 823000 | 250 | 2860 | 0 | 90 | 60 | 4 | 162 | 16.6 | 3000 | 300 | 4.6 | 500 | >1000 | 700 | 50 | 90000 | 4500 | 1000 | 65 | 5800 | 60 | 350 | 450 | 45 | 112 | 0.0 | 2000 | 60 | 16 | 11.0 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 17 | 17000 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 2500 | 18 | 0 | 10 | 1 | 1670 | 8.3 | 20000 | 300 | 20 | |
| ALBTR-13 | ALBTR-13-2-AR | 0.000 | 82.5 | 10000 | 9900 | 1100 | 14 | 80000 | 722200 | 300 | 35 | 182 | 0 | 250 | 120 | 12 | 20 | 17.0 | 500 | 350 | 3.3 | 200 | 200 | 40 | 50 | 60000 | 2500 | 800 | 20 | 15800 | 110 | 0 | 15 | 2 | 236 | 58.3 | 3000 | 200 | 40 | 14.2 | 25 | 25 | 0 | 30 | 6000 | 40 | 4 | 0 | 4000 | 12 | 0 | 13 | 1 | 1430 | 57.1 | 5000 | 250 | 110 |
| ALBTR-4721 | ALBTR-4721-2-AR | 0.000 | 54.5 | 7000 | 7700 | 440 | 3 | 130000 | 396700 | 130 | 555 | 0 | 250 | 150 | 14 | 125 | 0.0 | 900 | 1000 | 22.8 | 450 | 1400 | 660 | 70 | 120000 | 2500 | 400 | 60 | 6200 | 30 | 170 | 200 | 18 | 84 | 5.1 | 600 | 60 | 10 | 22.5 | 90 | 20 | 0 | 12 | 18000 | 200 | 1 | 0 | 3570 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1570 | 0.0 | 2000 | 50 | 10 | ||
| DWBD4 | DWBD4-1-AR | 0.000 | 84.2 | 1000 | 3100 | 300 | 6 | 30000 | 803230 | 300 | 40 | 562 | 5 | 280 | 130 | 13 | 120 | 57.1 | 3000 | 350 | 11.4 | 250 | 150 | 180 | 60 | 140000 | 3500 | 1000 | 300 | 15600 | 16 | 450 | 400 | 20 | 363 | 27.2 | 500 | 65 | 50 | 4.3 | 20 | 25 | 0 | 5 | 3000 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 122900 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4290 | 114.0 | 80 | 0 | 700 |
| NTHL-10 | NTHL-10-1-AR | 0.000 | 5900 | 1000 | 900 | 83 | 130000 | 0 | 0 | 250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 820 | 3.6 | 400 | 2600 | 1000 | 1700 | 1000 | 81 | 8000 | 26 | 300 | 3820 | 500 | 240 | 20 | 828 | 60.0 | 19000 | 400 | 20 | 390 | 50 | 17 | 120 | 1200 | 0 | 220 | 11560 | 25 | 0 | 103 | 18 | 1761 | 1.5 | 4200 | 630 | 41 |