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Shipboard Scientific Party (1958): Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from DOWNWIND Expedition stations [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854942

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Abstract:
The cores described in this report were taken on the DOWNWIND Expedition in October 1957 to February 1958 by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography from the R/V Spencer F. Baird and the R/V Horizon. A total of 201 cores and dredges were recovered and are available at Scripps for sampling and study.
Related to:
SCRIPPS Institution of Oceanography (1958): DOWNWIND (1957-1958) Expedition, Core List, R/V Spencer F. Baird and R/V Horizon. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, unpublished, 39 pp, https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/curator/data/horizon/downwind/15995002.pdf
Source:
Grant, John Bruce; Moore, Carla J; Alameddin, George; Chen, Kuiying; Barton, Mark (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
Further details:
Warnken, Robin R; Virden, William T; Moore, Carla J (1992): The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -21.667222 * Median Longitude: -128.779189 * South-bound Latitude: -46.733000 * West-bound Longitude: -148.650000 * North-bound Latitude: 24.366700 * East-bound Longitude: -81.000000
Date/Time Start: 1957-10-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1958-02-23T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.000 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 1.015 m
Event(s):
DWBD1  * Latitude: 21.450000 * Longitude: -126.717000 * Date/Time: 1957-10-25T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4300.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: DOWNWIND-B1 (DNWB0ABD) * Basis: Spencer F. Baird * Method/Device: Dredge (DRG)
DWBD2  * Latitude: 10.433330 * Longitude: -130.633330 * Date/Time: 1957-10-29T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4890.0 m * Campaign: DOWNWIND-B1 (DNWB0ABD) * Basis: Spencer F. Baird * Method/Device: Grab (GRAB)
DWBD4  * Latitude: -17.333330 * Longitude: -146.500000 * Date/Time: 1957-11-12T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2823.0 m * Location: Pacific Ocean * Campaign: DOWNWIND-B1 (DNWB0ABD) * Basis: Spencer F. Baird * Method/Device: Dredge (DRG)
Comment:
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Event labelEventSIO
Latitude of eventLatitudeSIO
Longitude of eventLongitudeSIO
Elevation of eventElevationmSIO
IdentificationIDSIO
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmSIOGeocode
Depth, top/minDepth topmSIO
Depth, bottom/maxDepth botmSIO
PositionPositionSIOVisual description
10 Deposit typeDeposit typeSIO
11 Quantity of depositQuantitySIO
12 SizeSizeSIO
13 Substrate typeSubstrateSIO
14 Sediment typeSedimentSIO
15 CommentCommentSIO
16 DescriptionDescriptionSIO
Size:
669 data points

Data

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Event

Latitude

Longitude

Elevation [m]

ID

Depth sed [m]

Depth top [m]

Depth bot [m]

Position
10 
Deposit type
11 
Quantity
12 
Size
13 
Substrate
14 
Sediment
15 
Comment
16 
Description
DWHH4 24.3667-125.0000-3930DWHH4-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule12.0 cmClayEntirely a light brown clayA 2 cm Mn nodule at the top.
DWHH7 11.0833-128.5667-4770DWHH7-10.0500.000.10BuriedMn nodule1Globigerina oozeFrom region of subdued hills. Top 10 cm is Globigerina ooze overlaying Pacific red clay. Mn nodule (25 grams) caught in ball breaker.
DWHT8B 9.0500-129.0000-4650DWHT8B-10.1700.170.17BuriedMn nodule1ClayEntirely a mottled light and dark buff clay.With 1.5 cm Mn nodules at 17cm and 59 cm.
DWHT8B9.0500-129.0000-4650DWHT8B-20.5900.590.59BuriedMn nodule1ClayEntirely a mottled light and dark buff clay.With 1.5 cm Mn nodules at 17cm and 59 cm.
DWHH14 -14.4667-135.4833-4400DWHH14-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule11.0 cm (fragment)ClayChocolate brown clayAt top a 1cm angular piece of Mn nodule.
DWHD25 -22.8333-144.4833-4150DWHD25-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn coating12;5 cmTooth; shark1 specimen of Mn-coated shark's tooth, 1 inch long
DWHG31 -35.1833-135.5333-4700DWHG31-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleCore; obsidianOne Mn nodule, Mn crust around obsidian (?) core. Hilly.
DWHG34 -44.2167-127.3333-4600DWHG34-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule2SmallCalcareous oozeLight grey to white calcareous ooze with foramsTwo small (1cm) Mn nodules on top
DWHG34-44.2167-127.3333-4600DWHG34-20.1150.110.12BuriedMn nodule2SmallCalcareous oozeLight grey to white calcareous ooze with foramsTwo small (1cm) Mn nodules at 11-12 cm
DWHG34-44.2167-127.3333-4600DWHG34-30.5200.520.52BuriedMn nodule2Calcareous oozeHighly mottled calcareous clay becoming darker near the bottomAt least two 1cm manganese nodules at 52 cm
DWHG34-44.2167-127.3333-4600DWHG34-40.8000.800.80BuriedMn nodule1Calcareous oozeHighly mottled calcareous clay becoming darker near the bottomOne Mn nodule at 80 cm
DWHG34-44.2167-127.3333-4600DWHG34-51.0151.001.03BuriedMn coating1BoneCalcareous oozeHighly mottled calcareous clay becoming darker near the bottomA 2.5 cm bone at 100-103 cm
DWH48 -42.0000-102.0000-4240DWH48-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule1ClayChocolate clay grading to dark chocolate at base.Mn nodule on top.
DWHH27 -29.9167-140.0833-4360DWHH27-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule21.0 cmClayChocolate clay with whitish calcareous material at surface.The core catcher contains two 1cm manganese nodules.
DWHH92 9.9833-118.0000-4295DWHH92-10.0100.000.02BuriedMn nodule1FragmentRed clayRed clay. Moderately brown clay.0-2cm Portion of a nodule or crust
DWHH929.9833-118.0000-4295DWHH92-20.5500.550.55In sedimentMn rich layerRed clayRed clay. Moderately brown clay.At the very bottom of the core found very coarse and black material (manganese crust?)
DWBG2 21.4533-126.7167-4450DWBG2-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn fragmentSeveralClayBrown clayMnO2 fragments
DWBG3 17.0167-129.7667-4987DWBG3-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn fragmentSeveralClayBrown clayMnO2 fragments
DWBG7 8.8000-130.8000-4917DWBG7-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleFewClayMottled brown clay with many corroded radiolariansPossible Mn nodules at top. Possibly Miocene.
DWBG15 -3.0333-131.8833-3396DWBG15-10.5300.520.54BuriedMn coating152x54 cmRock; palagoniteForaminifera oozeWhitish foram oozeA large (4x2 cm) lump of manganese impregnated decomposed rock at 52-54 cm. The darker, more manganeous side of the lump is downward in the core.
DWBG16 -6.0833-132.8833-4855DWBG16-10.0700.030.11BuriedMn nodule6Calcareous clayTan calcareous clay with at least becoming somewhat lighter and mottled below 20 cm.6 Mn nodules at 3-11 cm.
DWBG16-6.0833-132.8833-4855DWBG16-20.4750.310.64BuriedMn fragmentSeveralSmallCalcareous clayTan calcareous clay with at least becoming somewhat lighter and mottled below 20 cm.Small pieces of MnO2 at 31-64 cm.
DWBG16-6.0833-132.8833-4855DWBG16-30.9300.930.93In sedimentMn rich layerClayChocolate clay with some mottlings.A 0.5 cm lump of MnO2 at 93 cm
DWBG16-6.0833-132.8833-4855DWBG16-41.0101.011.01In sedimentMn rich layerClayChocolate clay with some mottlings.One lump of MnO2 at 101 cm.
DWBG17 -12.8500-135.2167-4318DWBG17-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleSeveralSmallClayChocolate clay containing forams (corroded?)In the core catcher, a chacolate clay containing forams (corroded?) and small manganese nodules.
DWBG18 -13.6167-135.5183-4337DWBG18-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule21.5 cmClayBrown-chocolate clay some fish debris and zeolites.Low 30-fm relief. At top, two Mn nodules, approx. 1.5 in diameter.
DWBG19 -14.9833-136.0333-4465DWBG19-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleSeveralRed clayRed clay with a few forams, radiolarians and zeolites.Mn nodules at top.
DWBG19-14.9833-136.0333-4465DWBG19-20.0650.000.13BuriedMn noduleSeveralRed clayRed clay with a few forams, radiolarians and zeolites.0-13 An agglomeration of dark brown clay and Mn nodules
DWBG19-14.9833-136.0333-4465DWBG19-30.0650.000.13BuriedMn coatingSeveral0.5-4.0 cmPebbleRed clayRed clay with a few forams, radiolarians and zeolites.0-13 Mn coated angular pebbles ranging from in size from 0.5-4.0 cm. At least 5 of them.
DWBG19-14.9833-136.0333-4465DWBG19-40.2600.260.26BuriedMn nodule10.5 cmClayMottled buff to dark brown clay.0.5 cm Mn nodule at 26 cm
DWBG30A -19.8333-148.6500-4620DWBG30A-10.0550.050.06In sedimentMn rich layerClayA uniform dark brown clayA uniform dark brown clay except for some blackish patches (MnO2?) at 5-6 cm.
DWBG30B -19.8333-148.6500-4620DWBG30B-10.0550.040.07BuriedMn nodule13.0 cmClayA uniform dark brown clay throughout its lengthA large manganese nodule (3 cm)
DWBG30B-19.8333-148.6500-4620DWBG30B-20.0550.040.07In sedimentMn micronoduleSeveralClayA uniform dark brown clay throughout its lengthPerhaps some manganese sand at 4-7 cm.
DWBG31 -21.7500-147.6333-4820DWBG31-10.4700.340.60In sedimentMn rich layerClayA uniform dark brown clayAn apparently uniform dark brown clay witha somewhat indurated more highly manganous layer at 36-40 cm.
DWBG37 -29.1500-143.0167-4120DWBG37-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule14.0 cmRed clayRed clay with forams and zeolites.On 100-fm hill. 4-cm Mn nodule on top and 4-cm lump of red clay with forams and zeolites.
DWBG40 -31.2167-141.2000-4280DWBG40-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn fragmentFewSmallIrregular 50-100 fm relief. A few small pieces of manganese.
DWBG43 -34.0167-138.9167-4721DWBG43-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn fragmentSeveralSmallRed claySmall pieces of manganese and about a teaspoonful of red clay. Subdued 100-fm, relief.
DWBG44 -34.4167-138.7833-4860DWBG44-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule3SmallThree small Mn nodules
DWBG44-34.4167-138.7833-4860DWBG44-20.0000.000.00SurfaceMn coating1PebbleOne manganese-coated pebble
DWBG45 -35.1333-138.2000-2520DWBG45-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn fragmentSeveralSeveral fragments of manganese. On top of a seamount.
DWBG46 -36.3833-137.2500-4680DWBG46-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn slabLarge1.0 cm thickA large manganese slab about 1.5 cm thick covers the entire top of the core.
DWBG47 -36.5500-137.4000-4700DWBG47-10.0800.080.08BuriedMn nodule1ClayRather light brown clay merging downward to a dark brown clayAt 8cm from top is a manganese nodule.
DWBG47-36.5500-137.4000-4700DWBG47-20.7200.710.73BuriedMn nodule1LargeClayRather light brown clay merging downward to a dark brown clay.71-73 cm a large manganese nodule.
DWBG48 -37.0833-137.0000-4940DWBG48-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule12.0x4.0 cmRed clayDark brown clayAt top is a 4cmx2cm Mn nodule.
DWBG48-37.0833-137.0000-4940DWBG48-20.1050.100.11BuriedMn nodule11.0 cmRed clayDark brown clay10-11 cm a 1cm Mn nodule.
DWBG48-37.0833-137.0000-4940DWBG48-30.7150.700.73BuriedMn nodule22.0 cmRed clayDark brown clay70-73 cm. A couple of 2cm Mn nodules.
DWBG52 -40.6000-132.8167-5120DWBG52-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleSeveralLargeMudMottled tan and whitish mudMn nodules near the top. One is large. Irregular 100-fm. relief.
DWBG54 -41.4000-129.1000-4880DWBG54-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule1Only a Mn nodule, some sediment was seen to wash out of the corer as it surfaced. Irregular 50-fm. relief.
DWBG55 -41.5333-128.2500-4750DWBG55-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn fragmentFewA few fragments of Mn. Subdued 100-fm. relief.
DWBG56 -42.2667-125.8333-4560DWBG56-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleSeveralCalcareous clayBrown calcareous clay, lighter near the topMn nodules at the top
DWBG56-42.2667-125.8333-4560DWBG56-20.0200.010.03BuriedMn nodule31.5 cmCalcareous clayBrown calcareous clay, lighter near the top1-3 cm Two or 3 manganese nodules approx. 1-1.5cm in diameter.
DWBG56-42.2667-125.8333-4560DWBG56-30.6100.600.62BuriedMn nodule10.5 cmCalcareous clayBrown calcareous clay, lighter near the top60-62 cm. At least one 0.5 cm Mn nodule.
DWBG57A -42.8333-125.5333-4560DWBG57A-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleSeveral1.0-2.0 cmCalcareous oozeMottled calcareous oozeManganese nodules (approx. 1x2 cm) at the top and at 10-12 cm
DWBG57B -42.8333-125.5333-4560DWBG57B-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule13.0 cmCalcareous oozeMottled calcareous oozeA manganese nodule about 3cm at top
DWBG57B-42.8333-125.5333-4560DWBG57B-20.0800.050.11BuriedMn noduleSeveralCalcareous oozeMottled calcareous oozeSeveral smaller Mn nodules at 5-11 cm.
DWBG-58 -43.1170-125.3830-4640DWBG-58-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule13.0x2.0 cmClayMottled brown and whitish calcareous clayA 3x2 cm Mn nodule at top. Subdued 50-fm. relief.
DWBG-59 -44.3830-124.6500-4500DWBG-59-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule1Calcareous clayMottled light and dark brown calcareous clayMn at top. Subdued 50-100 fm. relief.
DWBG147B 1.4500-116.2167-4000DWBG147B-10.0100.000.02BuriedMn nodule12.0 cmCalcareous oozeMottled calcareous oozeA 2cm Mn nodule at 0-2cm
DWBG147B1.4500-116.2167-4000DWBG147B-20.0550.060.06BuriedMn fragment1SmallCalcareous oozeMottled calcareous oozeA small piece of manganese at 5.5 cm
DWHD47 -41.9830-102.0170-4200DWHD47-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleMany2.0 up to 10.0 cmAbout 15 kilos of manganese nodules ranging from marble sized to plate sized. Most are about the size of golf balls. The nodules are crumbly.
DWBD8 -20.0000-81.0000-951DWBD8-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleSeveralA good haul of corals, Mn nodules and shark teeth, and calcareous rocks.
DWHD16 -16.4830-146.5500-1270DWHD16-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleMany2.0 up 10.0 cm500 lbs. Mn nodules and coral. Manganese nodules vary from golf ball size to foot size. Biggest piece of coral is about 100 lbs. Bathymetry: Guyot (seamount)
DWHD55 -37.0670-81.8330-4000DWHD55-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule171.0-6.0 cmClay17 manganese nodules ranging from 1-6cm accross. Several have smooth surfaces while others have typically a rough surface. One piece of yellow material (?hard clay?) and some clay.
DWHD42 -44.3000-109.5330-3210DWHD42-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn staining2SmallRockTwo small rocks (ice rafted) covered with thin Mn stain. East flank of E. Pacific Rise.
DWHD72 -25.5170-85.2330-920DWHD72-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleManyGlobigerina sand300 lbs. Flat manganese nodules and corals. The nodules ranged from 1 inch to 1 foot across.
DWHD72-25.5170-85.2330-920DWHD72-20.0000.000.00SurfaceMn stainingSeveralCoralGlobigerina sandThe corals ranged through the same limits and were stained with manganese. Top of a guyot.
DWBD7 -46.7330-123.0170-4100DWBD7-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleSeveralSmallSeveral small Mn nodules
DWBD2 10.4333-130.6333-4890DWBD2-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn nodule52.0-4.0 cmFive 2-4 cm Mn nodules.
DWHH32 -40.5500-131.8330-5010DWHH32-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleOnly a core-catcher sample. Apparently stopped
DWBG122A-C -26.5830-114.8670-2545DWBG122A-C-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn grainSeveralNo sample, except for some Mn grains and forams in the core-catcher.
DWBD1 21.4500-126.7170-4300DWBD1-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn noduleManyRoughly 60 kg., of which 1/3 are rounded Mn nodules
DWBD121.4500-126.7170-4300DWBD1-20.0000.000.00SurfaceMn crustSeveralRock; palagonite2/3 are fragments of a crust. Pieces of white amorphous greasy material are common.
DWHD15 -15.3830-136.3000-4480DWHD15-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn crustMany1.0-5.0 cm with 3.5 mm Mn crustRock; pumice10 lbs. Manganese covered rocks. The rocks are white pumice; sharp edges, 1-5 cm, more or less rectangular. The manganese crust is brownish black, fine grained, 3.5 mm thick.
DWBD4 -17.3333-146.5000-2823DWBD4-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn crustSeveral3 kg of MnO2 crusts and calcareous fragments.
DWBD5 -16.3333-146.1667-1500DWBD5-10.0000.000.00SurfaceMn coatingSeveralFragmentsCoral3 kg of coral debris coated with MnO2.