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Smith, Selena Y; Collinson, Margaret E; Benedict, John C; Leong-Škorničková, Jana; Marone, Federica; Parkinson, Dilworth (2015): 20 movies of x-ray tomograms of different Alpinia fossils [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854761, Supplement to: Smith, SY et al. (2015): Revision of putative Alpinia (Zingiberaceae) fossils from the Paleogene and Neogene of western Europe. Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaophytologie, 293(1-6), 101-123, https://doi.org/10.1127/palb/293/2015/101

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Abstract:
The fossil floras described by Dieter MAI and Harald WALTHER are invaluable for understanding the past plant diversity in Europe, and provide important information on the occurrence of taxa in the fossil record that is critical for evolutionary studies. Among the taxa they recognized were seeds assigned to the extant genus Alpinia ROXB. (Zingiberaceae, Zingiberales). We reinvestigated 28 specimens that were assigned to Alpinia arnensis (CHANDLER) MAI, Alpinia cf. arnensis, and Alpinia bivascularis MAI from the Ypresian (lower Eocene) of the UK, upper Eocene of Germany, and lower Miocene of Germany using non-destructive synchrotron-based X-ray tomography to reveal internal anatomy. None of the samples studied show an anatomy consistent with extant Alpinia or even Zingiberales. The fossils lack the globose shape, often striate external surface, seed coat structure, operculum, and micropylar collar seen in all Alpinia, and lack the chalazal chamber seen in many Alpinia species. Two specimens from the lower Miocene of Germany showed the structure of fruits of Caricoidea CHANDLER (Cyperaceae) with a single-layered exocarp, thick mesocarp, and sclerified endocarp. The other specimens are recognized as Carpolithes albolutum nom. nov. (incertae sedis) from the Ypresian of the UK, C. phoenixnordensis sp. nov. (incertae sedis) from the upper Eocene of Germany, C. bivascularis comb. nov. (incertae sedis) from the lower Miocene of Germany as well as indeterminate tegmens from the lower Miocene of Germany. This reinvestigation demonstrates that there is, as yet, no confirmed fossil record for the extant genus Alpinia. Furthermore, at least four different taxa are recognized from what had been two extinct species, enhancing our understanding of these important European Cenozoic carpofloras.
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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Caricoidea sp. - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/1548 (mp4-Video 71412 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854749
  2. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Caricoidea sp. - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/3135-A (Filmclip 64657 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854750
  3. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes albolutum - NHMUK V68511 (Filmclip 31108 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854741
  4. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes albolutum - NHMUK V68512 (Filmclip 26805 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854742
  5. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes albolutum - NHMUK V68512 (Filmclip 39450 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854743
  6. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/2400a-A (Filmclip 68653 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854751
  7. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/2400a-B (Filmclip 57053 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854752
  8. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/3135-B (Filmclip 57114 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854753
  9. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/3135-C (Filmclip 65042 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854754
  10. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/3135-D (Filmclip 63259 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854755
  11. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/6391a-A (Filmclip 38532 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854756
  12. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/6391a-A (Filmclip 46900 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854757
  13. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/6391a-A (Filmclip 53641 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854758
  14. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/6391a-B (Filmclip 72216 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854759
  15. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes bivascularis - MfN.MB.Pb.1993/6391a-C (Filmclip 50033 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854760
  16. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes phoenixnordensis - MMG 10533b (mp4-Video 75902 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854744
  17. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes phoenixnordensis - MMG 10533b (mp4-Video 94563 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854745
  18. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes phoenixnordensis - MMG 10533c (mp4-Video 82866 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854746
  19. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes phoenixnordensis - MMG 10533c (mp4-Video 91099 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854748
  20. Smith, SY; Collinson, ME; Benedict, JC et al. (2015): Carpolithes phoenixnordensis - MMG 10533c (mp4-Video 92003 kb). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854747