@misc{bahr2015pmfo, author={Andr\'{e} {Bahr} and Stefanie {Kaboth} and Francisco Jose {Jim\'{e}nez-Espejo} and Francisco Javier {Sierro} and Antje H L {Voelker} and Lucas Joost {Lourens} and Ursula {R\"{o}hl} and Gert-Jan {Reichart} and Carlota {Escutia} and Francisco Javier {Hernand\'{e}z-Molina} and J\"{o}rg {Pross} and Oliver {Friedrich}}, title={{Persistent monsoonal forcing of Mediterranean Outflow dynamics during the late Pleistocene}}, year={2015}, doi={10.1594/PANGAEA.849504}, url={https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.849504}, note={Supplement to: Bahr, A et al. (2015): Persistent monsoonal forcing of Mediterranean Outflow Water dynamics during the late Pleistocene. Geology, 43(11), 951-954, https://doi.org/10.1130/G37013.1}, abstract={The mode and vigor of the global oceanic circulation critically depend on the salinity of (sub)surface water masses advected to the loci of deep-water formation. Within the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), an important supplier of high-salinity waters is the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW), discharging into the North Atlantic via the Strait of Gibraltar. Despite its importance for the North Atlantic salinity budget, the long-term dynamics of MOW production have remained poorly understood. Here we present high-resolution records of bottom-current velocity from three drill sites within the Gulf of C\'{a}diz that document a persistent low-latitude forcing of MOW flow speed over the past {\textasciitilde}150 k.y. We demonstrate that the African monsoon is the predominant driver of orbital-scale MOW variability via its influence on the freshwater budget of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Consequently, MOW formation fluctuates in concert with orbital precession overprinted by centennial-scale oscillations of high-latitude origin. We further document that Northern Hemisphere summer insolation minima stimulate maximal injection of MOW-derived salt into the North Atlantic, likely strengthening the intermediate AMOC branch. The direct coupling of MOW dynamics to low-latitude climate forcing represents a hitherto neglected process for propagating (sub)tropical climate signals into the high northern latitudes.}, type={data set}, publisher={PANGAEA} }