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Weisser, Wolfgang W; Weigelt, Alexandra (2015): Aboveground community and species-specific plant biomass from the Jena Experiment (Main Experiment, year 2007) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.846583, In: Weigelt, Alexandra; Ebeling, Anne; Roscher, Christiane; Temperton, Vicky; De Luca, Enrica; Wagg, Cameron; Buchmann, Nina; Fischer, Markus; Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael; Schmid, Bernhard; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef; Weisser, Wolfgang W; Luo, Guangjuan; Meyer, Sebastian Tobias (2016): Collection of aboveground community and species-specific plant biomass from the Jena Experiment (time series since 2002) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.866358

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Abstract:
This data set contains aboveground community biomass (Sown plant community, Weed plant community, Dead plant material, and Unidentified plant material; all measured in biomass as dry weight) and species-specific biomass from the sown species of the main experiment plots of a large grassland biodiversity experiment (the Jena Experiment; see further details below). In the main experiment, 82 grassland plots of 20 x 20 m were established from a pool of 60 species belonging to four functional groups (grasses, legumes, tall and small herbs). In May 2002, varying numbers of plant species from this species pool were sown into the plots to create a gradient of plant species richness (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 60 species) and functional richness (1, 2, 3, 4 functional groups). Plots were maintained by bi-annual weeding and mowing.
Aboveground community biomass was harvested twice in 2007 just prior to mowing (during peak standing biomass in early June and in late August) on all experimental plots of the main experiment. This was done by clipping the vegetation at 3 cm above ground in four (May) or three (August) rectangles of 0.2 x 0.5 m per large plot. The location of these rectangles was assigned prior to each harvest by random selection of coordinates within the core area of the plots (i.e. the central 10 x 15 m). The positions of the rectangles within plots were identical for all plots. The harvested biomass was sorted into categories: individual species for the sown plant species, weed plant species (species not sown at the particular plot), detached dead plant material (i.e., dead plant material in the data file), and remaining plant material that could not be assigned to any category (i.e., unidentified plant material in the data file). All biomass was dried to constant weight (70°C, >= 48 h) and weighed. Sown plant community biomass was calculated as the sum of the biomass of the individual sown species. The data for individual samples and the mean over samples for the biomass measures on the community level are given. Overall, analyses of the community biomass data have identified species richness as well as functional group composition as important drivers of a positive biodiversity-productivity relationship.
Related to:
Roscher, Christiane; Temperton, Vicky; Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael; Schmid, Bernhard; Schmitz, Martin; Schumacher, Jens; Buchmann, Nina; Weisser, Wolfgang W; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef (2005): Overyielding in experimental grassland communities - irrespective of species pool or spatial scale. Ecology Letters, 8(4), 419-429, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00736.x
Weigelt, Alexandra; Marquard, Elisabeth; Temperton, Vicky; Roscher, Christiane; Scherber, Christoph; Mwangi, Peter N; von Felten, Stefanie; Buchmann, Nina; Schmid, Bernhard; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef; Weisser, Wolfgang W (2010): The Jena Experiment: six years of data from a grassland biodiversity experiment. Ecology, 91(3), 930-931, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0863.1
Further details:
Roscher, Christiane; Schumacher, Jens; Baade, Jussi; Wilcken, Sara; Gleixner, Gerd; Weisser, Wolfgang W; Schmid, Bernhard; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef (2004): The role of biodiversity for element cycling and trophic interactions: an experimental approach in a grassland community. Basic and Applied Ecology, 5(2), 107-121, https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-1791-00216
Project(s):
Coverage:
Latitude: 50.946100 * Longitude: 11.611300
Date/Time Start: 2007-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2007-12-31T00:00:00
Minimum HEIGHT above ground: 0.485 m * Maximum HEIGHT above ground: 0.485 m
Event(s):
JenExp_2007 (Jena Experiment 2007) * Latitude: 50.946100 * Longitude: 11.611300 * Date/Time Start: 2007-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2007-12-31T00:00:00 * Location: Thuringia, Germany * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)
Comment:
The main experiment on the field site of the Jena Experiment comprises a split-plot design in which additional treatments (e.g. no weeding allowing for invasion of other species, or application of fertilizer) have been applied to subplots along the outer margin of the plots (see Treatment description in the section "further details"). While in this dataset only data from the core area (mown and weeding of all none-sown species twice a year, no additional treatments) is reported, all potential treatments are listed as the first parameters in the data file to guarantee compatibility with other datasets that include different treatments.
There are two types of missing values contained in the dataset. Empty cells represent missing values that result from the design of the experiment when the respective value does not occur and could thus not be measured. For example, in the columns of species-specific biomass cells are left blank, when the species was not sown into the respective plot. Missing values that resulted from methodological problems, sampling errors, or lost samples/data are marked with “-9999”.
To calculate plot and annual means from the species specific biomass given per subsample it is important to be aware of the special missing values in the data set. Plots with single missing values indicated by "-9999", result in a difference between the following means: (1) first sum up species specific biomass per subsample for all contained species to calculated a sown species community biomass per subsample and then average the values over the subsamples per plot or (2) first average species specific biomass over subplots to get an average species specific biomass per plot and then sum these averages for all contained species to get an overall plot mean.
For the species specific biomass only the values of the individual subsamples and no means are given.
This datasets is part of a time series of biomass measurements in the Main Experiment since 2002 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.866358).
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1Experimental plotExperimental plotDetailed explanations of plots and the plant diversity gradient are provided in the section "further details".
2Height aboveground, minimumHeight abovegr minmVegetation was cut in 3cm above the soil surface.
3Height aboveground, maximumHeight abovegr maxmRough approximation of maximum vegetation height
4HEIGHT above groundHeightmGeocode – Average of min and max value
5Date/time startDate/time startOf sampling campaign
6Date/time endDate/time endOf sampling campaign
7ReplicateReplSpeciefies if multiple samples per plot have been taken and are provided in the data file.
8Treatment: mowingT:mowDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
9Treatment: weedingT:weedDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
10Treatment: weeding historyT:weed histDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
11Treatment: seed additionT:seed addDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
12Treatment: fertilizingT:fertDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
13Treatment: droughtT:droughtDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
14Treatment: aboveground: pesticideT:abovegr pestDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
15Treatment: below pesticideT:below pestDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
16Treatment: molluscideT:mollusDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
17Treatment: nematicideT:nemaDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
18Treatment: eartworm exclosureT:eartworm exclDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
19Treatment: phytometersT:phytoDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
20Treatment: specialT:specialDetailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
21Dead plant material, biomass as dry weightDead plant mat biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on plot level
22Sown plant community, biomass as dry weightSown plant biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on plot level
23Weeds plant community, biomass as dry weightWeeds biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on plot level
24Unidentified plant material, biomass as dry weightUnid plant mat biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on plot level
25Heracleum sphondylium, biomass as dry weightH. sphondylium biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
26Knautia arvensis, biomass as dry weightK. arvensis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
27Leucanthemum vulgare, biomass as dry weightL. vulgare biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
28Alopecurus pratensis, biomass as dry weightA. pratensis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
29Anthoxanthum odoratum, biomass as dry weightA. odoratum biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
30Arrhenatherum elatius, biomass as dry weightA. elatius biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
31Avenula pubescens, biomass as dry weightA. pubescens biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
32Bromus erectus, biomass as dry weightB. erectus biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
33Bromus hordeaceus, biomass as dry weightB. hordeaceus biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
34Cynosurus cristatus, biomass as dry weightC. cristatus biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
35Dactylis glomerata, biomass as dry weightD. glomerata biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
36Festuca pratensis, biomass as dry weightF. pratensis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
37Festuca rubra, biomass as dry weightF. rubra biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
38Holcus lanatus, biomass as dry weightH. lanatus biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
39Luzula campestris, biomass as dry weightL. campestris biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
40Phleum pratense, biomass as dry weightP. pratense biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
41Poa pratensis, biomass as dry weightP. pratensis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
42Poa trivialis, biomass as dry weightP. trivialis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
43Trisetum flavescens, biomass as dry weightT. flavescens biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
44Ajuga reptans, biomass as dry weightA. reptans biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
45Bellis perennis, biomass as dry weightB. perennis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
46Glechoma hederacea, biomass as dry weightG. hederacea biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
47Leontodon autumnalis, biomass as dry weightL. autumnalis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
48Leontodon hispidus, biomass as dry weightL. hispidus biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
49Plantago lanceolata, biomass as dry weightP. lanceolata biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
50Plantago media, biomass as dry weightP. media biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
51Primula veris, biomass as dry weightP. veris biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
52Prunella vulgaris, biomass as dry weightP. vulgaris biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
53Ranunculus repens, biomass as dry weightR. repens biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
54Taraxacum officinale, biomass as dry weightT. officinale biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
55Veronica chamaedrys, biomass as dry weightV. chamaedrys biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
56Achillea millefolium, biomass as dry weightA. millefolium biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
57Anthriscus sylvestris, biomass as dry weightA. sylvestris biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
58Campanula patula, biomass as dry weightC. patula biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
59Carum carvi, biomass as dry weightC. carvi biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
60Cardamine pratensis, biomass as dry weightC. pratensis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
61Centaurea jacea, biomass as dry weightC. jacea biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
62Cirsium oleraceum, biomass as dry weightC. oleraceum biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
63Crepis biennis, biomass as dry weightC. biennis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
64Daucus carota, biomass as dry weightD. carota biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
65Galium mollugo, biomass as dry weightG. mollugo biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
66Geranium pratense, biomass as dry weightG. pratense biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
67Pastinaca sativa, biomass as dry weightP. sativa biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
68Pimpinella major, biomass as dry weightP. major biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
69Ranunculus acris, biomass as dry weightR. acris biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
70Rumex acetosa, biomass as dry weightR. acetosa biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
71Sanguisorba officinalis, biomass as dry weightS. officinalis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
72Tragopogon pratensis, biomass as dry weightT. pratensis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
73Lathyrus pratensis, biomass as dry weightL. pratensis biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
74Lotus corniculatus, biomass as dry weightL. corniculatus biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
75Medicago lupulina, biomass as dry weightM. lupulina biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
76Medicago x varia, biomass as dry weightM. x varia biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
77Onobrychis viciifolia, biomass as dry weightO. viciifolia biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
78Trifolium campestre, biomass as dry weightT. campestre biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
79Trifolium dubium, biomass as dry weightT. dubium biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
80Trifolium fragiferum, biomass as dry weightT. fragiferum biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
81Trifolium hybridum, biomass as dry weightT. hybridum biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
82Trifolium pratense, biomass as dry weightT. pratense biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
83Trifolium repens, biomass as dry weightT. repens biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
84Vicia cracca, biomass as dry weightV. cracca biomg/m2Dried biomass sampleMeasured on species level
Size:
21902 data points

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