Citation:

PANGAEA.866358

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Abstract:

This data set contains aboveground community biomass (Sown plant community, Weed plant community, Dead plant material, and Unidentified plant material; all measured in biomass as dry weight) and species-specific biomass from the sown species of the main experiment plots of a large grassland biodiversity experiment (the Jena Experiment; see further details below). In the main experiment, 82 grassland plots of 20 x 20 m were established from a pool of 60 species belonging to four functional groups (grasses, legumes, tall and small herbs). In May 2002, varying numbers of plant species from this species pool were sown into the plots to create a gradient of plant species richness (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 60 species) and functional richness (1, 2, 3, 4 functional groups). Plots were maintained by bi-annual weeding and mowing.

Aboveground community biomass was harvested twice in 2003 just prior to mowing (during peak standing biomass in late May and in late August) on all experimental plots of the main experiment. This was done by clipping the vegetation at 3 cm above ground in four rectangles of 0.2 x 0.5 m per large plot. The location of these rectangles was assigned prior to each harvest by random selection of coordinates within the core area of the plots (i.e. the central 10 x 15 m). The positions of the rectangles within plots were identical for all plots. The harvested biomass was sorted into categories: individual species for the sown plant species, weed plant species (species not sown at the particular plot), detached dead plant material (i.e., dead plant material in the data file), and remaining plant material that could not be assigned to any category (i.e., unidentified plant material in the data file). All biomass was dried to constant weight (70°C, >= 48 h) and weighed. Sown plant community biomass was calculated as the sum of the biomass of the individual sown species. The data for individual samples and the mean over samples for the biomass measures on the community level are given. Overall, analyses of the community biomass data have identified species richness as well as functional group composition as important drivers of a positive biodiversity-productivity relationship.

Related to:

Roscher, Christiane; Temperton, Vicky; Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael; Schmid, Bernhard; Schmitz, Martin; Schumacher, Jens; Buchmann, Nina; Weisser, Wolfgang W; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef (2005): Overyielding in experimental grassland communities - irrespective of species pool or spatial scale. Ecology Letters, 8(4), 419-429, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00736.x

Weigelt, Alexandra; Marquard, Elisabeth; Temperton, Vicky; Roscher, Christiane; Scherber, Christoph; Mwangi, Peter N; von Felten, Stefanie; Buchmann, Nina; Schmid, Bernhard; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef; Weisser, Wolfgang W (2010): The Jena Experiment: six years of data from a grassland biodiversity experiment. Ecology, 91(3), 930-931, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0863.1

Further details:

Plot information of the Jena Main Experiment

Treatment description

Roscher, Christiane; Schumacher, Jens; Baade, Jussi; Wilcken, Sara; Gleixner, Gerd; Weisser, Wolfgang W; Schmid, Bernhard; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef (2004): The role of biodiversity for element cycling and trophic interactions: an experimental approach in a grassland community. Basic and Applied Ecology, 5(2), 107-121, https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-1791-00216

Project(s):

The Jena Experiment (JenExp)

Coverage:

Latitude: 50.946100 * Longitude: 11.611300

Date/Time Start: 2003-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-12-31T00:00:00

Minimum HEIGHT above ground: 0.485 m * Maximum HEIGHT above ground: 0.485 m

Event(s):

JenExp_2003 (Jena Experiment 2003) * Latitude: 50.946100 * Longitude: 11.611300 * Date/Time Start: 2003-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-12-31T00:00:00 * Location: Thuringia, Germany * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

The main experiment on the field site of the Jena Experiment comprises a split-plot design in which additional treatments (e.g. no weeding allowing for invasion of other species, or application of fertilizer) have been applied to subplots along the outer margin of the plots (see Treatment description in the section "further details"). While in this dataset only data from the core area (mown and weeding of all none-sown species twice a year, no additional treatments) is reported, all potential treatments are listed as the first parameters in the data file to guarantee compatibility with other datasets that include different treatments.

There are two types of missing values contained in the dataset. Empty cells represent missing values that result from the design of the experiment when the respective value does not occur and could thus not be measured. For example, in the columns of species-specific biomass cells are left blank, when the species was not sown into the respective plot. Missing values that resulted from methodological problems, sampling errors, or lost samples/data are marked with “-9999”.

To calculate plot and annual means from the species specific biomass given per subsample it is important to be aware of the special missing values in the data set. Plots with single missing values indicated by "-9999", result in a difference between the following means: (1) first sum up species specific biomass per subsample for all contained species to calculated a sown species community biomass per subsample and then average the values over the subsamples per plot or (2) first average species specific biomass over subplots to get an average species specific biomass per plot and then sum these averages for all contained species to get an overall plot mean.

For all biomass harvests in 2003, the biomass subsample number 4 was collected in an extra carefully weeded subplot of the core area, e.g. weeding of this area was performed by a few very well trained people in a short period of time while the rest of the large plots was weeded by a large number of trained but less experienced student helpers and took up to three weeks per campaign.

For the species specific biomass, only the values of the four individual subsamples and no means are given. For weeds, on the other hand, only the mean of the four subsamples is given.

This datasets is part of a time series of biomass measurements in the Main Experiment since 2002 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.866358).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Method/Device	Comment
1	Experimental plot	Experimental plot			Detailed explanations of plots and the plant diversity gradient are provided in the section "further details".
2	Height aboveground, minimum	Height abovegr min	m		Vegetation was cut in 3cm above the soil surface.
3	Height aboveground, maximum	Height abovegr max	m		Rough approximation of maximum vegetation height
4	HEIGHT above ground	Height	m		Geocode – Average of min and max value
5	Date/time start	Date/time start			Of sampling campaign
6	Date/time end	Date/time end			Of sampling campaign
7	Replicate	Repl			Speciefies if multiple samples per plot have been taken and are provided in the data file.
8	Treatment: mowing	T:mow			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
9	Treatment: weeding	T:weed			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
10	Treatment: weeding history	T:weed hist			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
11	Treatment: seed addition	T:seed add			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
12	Treatment: fertilizing	T:fert			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
13	Treatment: drought	T:drought			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
14	Treatment: aboveground: pesticide	T:abovegr pest			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
15	Treatment: below pesticide	T:below pest			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
16	Treatment: molluscide	T:mollus			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
17	Treatment: nematicide	T:nema			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
18	Treatment: eartworm exclosure	T:eartworm excl			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
19	Treatment: phytometers	T:phyto			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
20	Treatment: special	T:special			Detailed explanations of treatments are provided in the section "further details".
21	Unidentified plant material, biomass as dry weight	Unid plant mat biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on plot level
22	Dead plant material, biomass as dry weight	Dead plant mat biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on plot level
23	Sown plant community, biomass as dry weight	Sown plant biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on plot level
24	Weeds plant community, biomass as dry weight	Weeds biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on plot level
25	Alopecurus pratensis, biomass as dry weight	A. pratensis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
26	Anthoxanthum odoratum, biomass as dry weight	A. odoratum biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
27	Arrhenatherum elatius, biomass as dry weight	A. elatius biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
28	Avenula pubescens, biomass as dry weight	A. pubescens biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
29	Bromus erectus, biomass as dry weight	B. erectus biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
30	Bromus hordeaceus, biomass as dry weight	B. hordeaceus biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
31	Cynosurus cristatus, biomass as dry weight	C. cristatus biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
32	Dactylis glomerata, biomass as dry weight	D. glomerata biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
33	Festuca pratensis, biomass as dry weight	F. pratensis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
34	Festuca rubra, biomass as dry weight	F. rubra biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
35	Holcus lanatus, biomass as dry weight	H. lanatus biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
36	Luzula campestris, biomass as dry weight	L. campestris biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
37	Phleum pratense, biomass as dry weight	P. pratense biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
38	Poa pratensis, biomass as dry weight	P. pratensis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
39	Poa trivialis, biomass as dry weight	P. trivialis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
40	Trisetum flavescens, biomass as dry weight	T. flavescens biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
41	Ajuga reptans, biomass as dry weight	A. reptans biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
42	Bellis perennis, biomass as dry weight	B. perennis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
43	Glechoma hederacea, biomass as dry weight	G. hederacea biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
44	Leontodon autumnalis, biomass as dry weight	L. autumnalis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
45	Leontodon hispidus, biomass as dry weight	L. hispidus biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
46	Plantago lanceolata, biomass as dry weight	P. lanceolata biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
47	Plantago media, biomass as dry weight	P. media biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
48	Primula veris, biomass as dry weight	P. veris biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
49	Prunella vulgaris, biomass as dry weight	P. vulgaris biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
50	Ranunculus repens, biomass as dry weight	R. repens biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
51	Taraxacum officinale, biomass as dry weight	T. officinale biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
52	Veronica chamaedrys, biomass as dry weight	V. chamaedrys biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
53	Achillea millefolium, biomass as dry weight	A. millefolium biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
54	Anthriscus sylvestris, biomass as dry weight	A. sylvestris biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
55	Campanula patula, biomass as dry weight	C. patula biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
56	Carum carvi, biomass as dry weight	C. carvi biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
57	Cardamine pratensis, biomass as dry weight	C. pratensis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
58	Centaurea jacea, biomass as dry weight	C. jacea biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
59	Cirsium oleraceum, biomass as dry weight	C. oleraceum biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
60	Crepis biennis, biomass as dry weight	C. biennis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
61	Daucus carota, biomass as dry weight	D. carota biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
62	Galium mollugo, biomass as dry weight	G. mollugo biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
63	Geranium pratense, biomass as dry weight	G. pratense biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
64	Heracleum sphondylium, biomass as dry weight	H. sphondylium biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
65	Knautia arvensis, biomass as dry weight	K. arvensis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
66	Leucanthemum vulgare, biomass as dry weight	L. vulgare biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
67	Pastinaca sativa, biomass as dry weight	P. sativa biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
68	Pimpinella major, biomass as dry weight	P. major biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
69	Ranunculus acris, biomass as dry weight	R. acris biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
70	Rumex acetosa, biomass as dry weight	R. acetosa biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
71	Sanguisorba officinalis, biomass as dry weight	S. officinalis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
72	Tragopogon pratensis, biomass as dry weight	T. pratensis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
73	Lathyrus pratensis, biomass as dry weight	L. pratensis biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
74	Onobrychis viciifolia, biomass as dry weight	O. viciifolia biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
75	Trifolium campestre, biomass as dry weight	T. campestre biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
76	Lotus corniculatus, biomass as dry weight	L. corniculatus biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
77	Medicago lupulina, biomass as dry weight	M. lupulina biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
78	Medicago x varia, biomass as dry weight	M. x varia biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
79	Trifolium dubium, biomass as dry weight	T. dubium biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
80	Trifolium fragiferum, biomass as dry weight	T. fragiferum biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
81	Trifolium hybridum, biomass as dry weight	T. hybridum biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
82	Trifolium pratense, biomass as dry weight	T. pratense biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
83	Trifolium repens, biomass as dry weight	T. repens biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level
84	Vicia cracca, biomass as dry weight	V. cracca biom	g/m²	Dried biomass sample	Measured on species level

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

23835 data points

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