/* DATA DESCRIPTION: Citation: Wiig, Øystein; Bachmann, Lutz; Øien, Nils; Kovacs, Kit Maureen; Lydersen, Christian (2010): (Table 1) Observations of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) in the Svalbard area 1940-2008 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.841840, Supplement to: Wiig, Ø et al. (2010): Observations of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) in the Svalbard area 1940-2009. Polar Biology, 33(7), 979-984, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0776-1 Abstract: Forty-six sightings of bowhead whales have been reported from the Svalbard area between 1940 and 2009. But, only three of these sightings are reported prior to 1980. Most observations involve only one or two whales, but groups of up to seven individuals have been seen recently. Increased ship traffic, particularly cruise-based tourism, in the north undoubtedly provides more opportunities for spotting this species, and the establishment of a structured cetacean sighting programme, as well as increase in effort in documenting sightings from a wider marine user-community, likely all play a role in more records being documented in recent years. The absence of a dedicated monitoring programme for ice-associated cetaceans and the generally low scientific activity level in this field in Svalbard Waters hampers firm conclusions about the trends in abundance of bowhead whales in the Svalbard area. Related to: Anonymous (1981): Denmark progress report on whale research, 1978-79. Paper presented to the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee, June 1981, SC/31 Anonymous (1983): Norway progress report on cetacean research. June 1981 to May 1982. Reports of the International Whaling Commission, 33, 231-236, https://iwc.int/scientific-research/reports/scprogress Christiansen, B (1962): The Greenland rightwhale and whales that sleep. Nor Hvalfang Tid, 51, 55-56 Clark, C W; Brown, L M (1991): Acoustic detection of bowhead whales from the East Greenland-Spitsbergen stock in spring 1989. Paper presented to the International Whaling Commission ScientiWc Committee, June 1989, SC/43/PS19 Haug, Tore (1980): A bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus L. observed on Tanasnaget (N71°00', E28°51') in May 1980. Fauna, 33, 158-159 Isaksen, K (1998): Grønlandshval. In: Isaksen K, Syvertsen PO, van der Kooij J, Rinden H (eds) Truete pattedyr i Norge: faktaark og forslag til rødliste. Norsk Zoologisk Forening, Oslo (Greenland whale In Threatened mammals in Norway: factsheet and recommendation for Red Listing. Norwegian Zoological Association-published in Norwegian), 5, 93-97 Jonsgård, A (1981): Bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, observed in arctic waters of the eastern North Atlantic after the second world war. Reports of the International Whaling Commission, 31, 38-92, https://iwc.int/scientific-research/reports/scprogress Larsen, T (1974): Observations of animal life in Svalbard in 1974. Nor Polarinst Årbok, 211-220 McQuaid, C D (1986): Post-1980 sightings of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) from the Spitsbergen stock. Marine Mammal Science, 2(4), 316-318, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1986.tb00141.x Wiig, Øystein; Bachmann, Lutz; Berge, L; Janik, V M; Kovacs, Kit Maureen; Swift, R N; Lydersen, Christian (2008): Surveys of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) in the northeast Atlantic in 2006 and 2008. Paper presented to the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee, June 2008, SC/60/BRG32 Project(s): International Polar Year (2007-2008) (IPY) (URI: https://www.ipy.org/) Coverage: MEDIAN LATITUDE: 78.868043 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 15.122609 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 70.450000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -0.500000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 82.500000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 39.000000 DATE/TIME START: 1958-08-20T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2009-07-04T00:00:00 Event(s): Svalbard * LATITUDE: 78.900000 * LONGITUDE: 18.010000 * LOCATION: Svalbard * METHOD/DEVICE: Multiple investigations (MULT) Comment: Data extracted in the frame of a joint ICSTI/PANGAEA IPY effort, see http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.150150 Parameter(s): DATE/TIME (Date/Time) * GEOCODE Identification (ID) * PI: Wiig, Øystein (oystein.wiig@nhm.uio.no) LATITUDE (Latitude) * GEOCODE LONGITUDE (Longitude) * GEOCODE Area/locality (Area) * PI: Wiig, Øystein (oystein.wiig@nhm.uio.no) Balaena mysticetus [#] (B. mysticetus) * PI: Wiig, Øystein (oystein.wiig@nhm.uio.no) Quality flag (QF) * PI: Wiig, Øystein (oystein.wiig@nhm.uio.no) * COMMENT: 1 = confirmed, 2 = probable, 3 = possible observation Comment (Comment) * PI: Wiig, Øystein (oystein.wiig@nhm.uio.no) Reference/source (Reference) * PI: Wiig, Øystein (oystein.wiig@nhm.uio.no) * COMMENT: IMR = Institute of Marine Research; NPI = Norwegian Polar Institute License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) Size: 275 data points */ Date/Time ID Latitude Longitude Area B. mysticetus [#] QF Comment Reference 1958-08-20T00:00 1 79.80 10.12 NW Svalbard 1 1 Research Vessel Asterias Jonsgård (1981), Christiansen (1962) 1974-08-01T00:00 2 78.50 20.00 E Svalbard 1 1 Carcass on land Larsen (1976) 1979-04-23T00:00 3 80.75 5.55 Fram Strait 2 1 Denmark-Progress report Anonymous (1981), Jonsgård (1981) 1980-05-21T00:00 4 71.00 28.85 N Norway 1 1 Whaling vessel IMR 1980-05-25T00:00 5 71.15 28.85 N Norway 1 1 Whaling vessel Haug (1980) 1980-08-02T00:00 6 79.93 29.71 NE Svalbard 1 1 Dead in drifting ice Christiansen (1981) 1981-05-18T00:00 7 70.45 30.80 N Norway 1 1 Anonymous (1983) 1982-06-29T00:00 8 79.95 3.41 Fram Strait 2 1 Research Vessel Benjamin Bowring McQuaid (1986) 1989-04-01T00:00 9 82.50 -0.50 Fram Strait 4 1 Acoustic registration Clark and Brown (1991) 1989-07-01T00:00 10 73.59 28.22 Barents Sea 1 1 Whale survey IMR IMR 1989-07-01T00:00 11 74.07 28.49 Barents Sea 1 1 Whale survey IMR IMR 1996-07-29T00:00 12 79.02 33.02 Barents Sea 1 1 Whale survey IMR Isaksen et al. (1998) 1997-05-25T00:00 13 79.62 8.00 Fram Strait 20 3 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-23T00:00 14 79.90 8.15 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 1 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-25T00:00 15 80.01 5.45 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 1 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-26T00:00 16 80.00 4.50 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 5 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-26T00:00 17 79.91 5.10 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 4 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-26T00:00 18 80.00 5.50 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 1 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-26T00:00 19 79.95 7.05 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 1 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-27T00:00 20 79.80 9.00 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 4 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-05-29T00:00 21 79.91 8.67 NW Svalbard/Fram Strait 1 1 Whaling vessel IMR 2000-07-29T00:00 22 78.55 25.42 E Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2000-08-08T00:00 23 79.12 21.44 E Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2000-08-16T00:00 24 78.92 24.05 E Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2001-08-08T00:00 25 79.27 20.86 E Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2004-06-14T00:00 26 77.00 16.58 SW Svalbard 1 2 Cruise ship MS Stockholm NPI 2005-08-06T00:00 27 78.93 11.92 Ny Ålesund, Svalbard 1 1 Observed from land NERC Ny Ålesund 2005-08-07T00:00 28 78.93 23.76 Barents Sea 1 2 Reported to the Governor of Svalbard NPI 2005-08-17T00:00 29 80.25 34.00 Barents Sea 5 1 Cruise ship Prof Molchanov Arjen Drost (personnel communication) 2006-04-17T00:00 30 80.27 0.68 Fram Strait 1 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-04-18T00:00 31 80.58 2.09 Fram Strait >7 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-04-25T00:00 32 81.03 1.15 Fram Strait 1 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-04-26T00:00 33 81.04 1.16 Fram Strait 1 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-04-26T00:00 34 81.12 1.60 Fram Strait 1 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-04-26T00:00 35 81.31 2.30 Fram Strait 3 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-04-28T00:00 36 81.18 1.76 Fram Strait 1 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-04-28T00:00 37 81.35 1.53 Fram Strait 3 1 Bowhead survey Wiig et al. (2008) 2006-07-19T00:00 38 78.25 15.10 Longyearbyen, Svalbard 1 1 In the harbour of Longyearbyen Ian Gjertz (personnel communication) 2006-07-21T00:00 39 78.10 13.97 Isfjorden, Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship MV Polar Star NPI 2006-07-25T00:00 40 78.13 14.82 Isfjorden, Svalbard 1 2 Cruise ship MS Lang0ysund NPI 2006-07-30T00:00 41 79.58 20.85 N Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2007-07-14T00:00 42 78.20 39.00 Barents Sea 1 1 Whale survey IMR IMR 2008-07-31T00:00 43 78.39 29.18 E Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2008-08-01T00:00 44 78.51 33.42 E Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2009-07-01T00:00 45 80.07 15.73 N Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI 2009-07-04T00:00 46 80.04 15.33 N Svalbard 1 1 Cruise ship Prof Multanovskiy NPI