Sigwart, Julia D; Carey, Nicholas (2014): Grazing under experimental hypercapnia and elevated temperature does not affect the radula of a chiton (Mollusca, Polyplacophora, Lepidopleurida) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839076, Supplement to: Sigwart, JD; Carey, N (2014): Grazing under experimental hypercapnia and elevated temperature does not affect the radula of a chiton (Mollusca, Polyplacophora, Lepidopleurida). Marine Environmental Research, 102, 73-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.05.004
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Abstract:
Chitons (class Polyplacophora) are benthic grazing molluscs with an eight-part aragonitic shell armature. The radula, a serial tooth ribbon that extends internally more than half the length of the body, is mineralised on the active feeding teeth with iron magnetite apparently as an adaptation to constant grazing on rocky substrates. As the anterior feeding teeth are eroded they are shed and replaced with a new row. The efficient mineralisation and function of the radula could hypothetically be affected by changing oceans in two ways: changes in seawater chemistry (pH and pCO2) may impact the biomineralisation pathway, potentially leading to a weaker or altered density of the feeding teeth; rising temperatures could increase activity levels in these ectothermic animals, and higher feeding rates could increase wear on the feeding teeth beyond the animals' ability to synthesise, mineralise, and replace radular rows. We therefore examined the effects of pH and temperature on growth and integrity in the radula of the chiton Leptochiton asellus. Our experiment implemented three temperature (10, 15, 20 °C) and two pCO2 treatments (400 µatm, pH 8.0; 2000 µatm, pH 7.5) for six treatment groups. Animals (n = 50) were acclimated to the treatment conditions for a period of 4 weeks. This is sufficient time for growth of ca. 7-9 new tooth rows or 20% turnover of the mineralised portion. There was no significant difference in the number of new (non-mineralised) teeth or total tooth row count in any treatment. Examination of the radulae via SEM revealed no differences in microwear or breakage on the feeding cusps correlating to treatment groups. The shell valves also showed no signs of dissolution. As a lineage, chitons have survived repeated shifts in Earth's climate through geological time, and at least their radulae may be robust to future perturbations.
Keyword(s):
Further details:
Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0 [webpage]. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb
Project(s):
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-11-19.
Parameter(s):
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
196 data points
Data
1 Species | 2 Treat | 3 Temp [°C] | 4 Temp std dev [±] | 5 pH (total scale, Potentiometric) | 6 pH std dev [±] (total scale, Potentiometric) | 7 Sal | 8 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration) | 9 AT std dev [±] (Potentiometric titration) | 10 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 11 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 12 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 13 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 14 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2calc) | 15 Omega Cal std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 16 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2calc) | 17 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2calc) | 18 Sp count [#] (total number of radula rows p...) | 19 Sp count [#] (radular cracks) | 20 Sp count [#] (radular holes) | 21 Sp count [#] (radula tooth rows (median)) | 22 Sp count [#] (mineralised tooth rows (median)) | 23 Sp count [#] (unmineralised rows (median)) | 24 Ø [mm] (aesthete) | 25 Ø std dev [±] (aesthete) | 26 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 27 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 28 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 29 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 30 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 31 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 32 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 33 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...) | 34 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leptochiton asellus (mollusk) | Low Temperature, Control pCO2 | 9.4 | 0.1 | 8.03 | 0.07 | 32 | 2294 | 27 | 428 | 73 | 2137 | 41 | 2.90 | 0.37 | 1.83 | 0.23 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 52 | 33 | 6 | 7.7 | 1.2 | 8 | 19.16 | 422.30 | 420.68 | 1999.37 | 119.22 | 2137.75 | 1.82 | 2.89 |
Leptochiton asellus (mollusk) | Low Temperature, Elevated pCO2 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 7.47 | 0.09 | 32 | 2293 | 52 | 1736 | 368 | 2317 | 55 | 0.88 | 0.17 | 0.56 | 0.11 | 10 | 4 | 0 | 51 | 30 | 6 | 8.1 | 0.7 | 8 | 76.66 | 1689.77 | 1683.29 | 2203.43 | 36.19 | 2316.28 | 0.55 | 0.88 |
Leptochiton asellus (mollusk) | Medium Temperature, Control pCO2 | 15.6 | 0.1 | 8.02 | 0.10 | 32 | 2289 | 31 | 446 | 102 | 2093 | 58 | 3.56 | 0.69 | 2.27 | 0.44 | 9 | 50 | 33 | 5 | 8 | 16.31 | 437.58 | 436.03 | 1936.80 | 143.62 | 2096.73 | 2.23 | 3.49 | ||||
Leptochiton asellus (mollusk) | Medium Temperature, Elevated pCO2 | 15.5 | 0.2 | 7.42 | 0.11 | 32 | 2291 | 23 | 2024 | 487 | 2306 | 40 | 1.02 | 0.25 | 0.65 | 0.16 | 6 | 49 | 30 | 6 | 8 | 73.64 | 1969.56 | 1962.59 | 2191.27 | 40.66 | 2305.56 | 0.63 | 0.99 | ||||
Leptochiton asellus (mollusk) | High Temperature, Control pCO2 | 20.3 | 0.1 | 7.99 | 0.09 | 32 | 2289 | 21 | 484 | 119 | 2074 | 49 | 3.92 | 0.70 | 2.54 | 0.45 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 51 | 32 | 6 | 8.7 | 1.4 | 8 | 15.49 | 475.65 | 474.07 | 1904.68 | 157.50 | 2077.67 | 2.49 | 3.85 |
Leptochiton asellus (mollusk) | High Temperature, Elevated pCO2 | 20.3 | 0.2 | 7.44 | 0.12 | 32 | 2291 | 35 | 1992 | 503 | 2281 | 51 | 1.27 | 0.34 | 0.82 | 0.22 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 48 | 33 | 5 | 8.1 | 1.4 | 8 | 62.54 | 1920.87 | 1914.46 | 2167.84 | 50.52 | 2280.90 | 0.80 | 1.23 |