Citation:

jeb.099549

Name: Adaptation of a globally important coccolithophore to ocean warming and acidification
Published: 2014-11-04
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Acid-base regulation; Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Pocillopora damicornis; Single species; Tropical

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Abstract:

Regulating intracellular pH (pHi) is critical for optimising the metabolic activity of corals, yet mechanisms involved in pH regulation and the buffering capacity within coral cells are not well understood. Our study investigated how the presence of symbiotic dinoflagellates affects the response of pHi to pCO2-driven seawater acidification in cells isolated from Pocillopora damicornis. Using the fluorescent dye BCECF-AM, in conjunction with confocal microscopy, we simultaneously characterised the response of pHi in host coral cells and their dinoflagellate symbionts, in symbiotic and non-symbiotic states under saturating light, with and without the photosynthetic inhibitor DCMU. Each treatment was run under control (pH 7.8) and CO2 acidified seawater conditions (decreasing pH from 7.8 - 6.8). After two hours of CO2 addition, by which time the external pH (pHe) had declined to 6.8, the dinoflagellate symbionts had increased their pHi by 0.5 pH units above control levels. In contrast, in both symbiotic and non-symbiotic host coral cells, 15 min of CO2 addition (0.2 pH unit drop in pHe) led to cytoplasmic acidosis equivalent to 0.4 pH units. Despite further seawater acidification over the duration of the experiment, the pHi of non-symbiotic coral cells did not change, though in host cells containing a symbiont cell the pHi recovered to control levels. This recovery was negated when cells were incubated with DCMU. Our results reveal that photosynthetic activity of the endosymbiont is tightly coupled with the ability of the host cell to recover from cellular acidosis after exposure to high CO2 / low pH.

Keyword(s):

Acid-base regulation; Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Pocillopora damicornis; Single species; Tropical

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-11-04.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Gates, Ruth D
2	Figure	Fig		Gates, Ruth D
3	Treatment	Treat		Gates, Ruth D
4	Time in minutes	Time	min	Gates, Ruth D
5	Replicate	Repl		Gates, Ruth D
6	pH, extracellular	pHe		Gates, Ruth D		NBS scale
7	pH change	D pH		Gates, Ruth D		host intact symbiosis, NBS scale, relative change in pHi after acidification
8	pH change	D pH		Gates, Ruth D		alga intact symbiosis, NBS scale, relative change in pHi after acidification
9	pH change	D pH		Gates, Ruth D		non-symbiotic host cell, NBS scale, relative change in pHi after acidification
10	pH change	D pH		Gates, Ruth D		isolated alga, NBS scale, relative change in pHi after acidification
11	pH, intracellular	pH in		Gates, Ruth D		host intact symbiosis, NBS scale
12	pH, intracellular	pH in		Gates, Ruth D		alga intact symbiosis, NBS scale
13	pH, intracellular	pH in		Gates, Ruth D		non-symbiotic host cell, NBS scale
14	pH, intracellular	pH in		Gates, Ruth D		isolated alga, NBS scale
15	Salinity	Sal		Gates, Ruth D
16	Salinity, standard error	Sal std e	±	Gates, Ruth D
17	pH	pH		Gates, Ruth D		NBS scale
18	pH, standard error	pH std e	±	Gates, Ruth D		NBS scale
19	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Gates, Ruth D
20	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Gates, Ruth D
21	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Gates, Ruth D
22	Temperature, water, standard error	T std e	±	Gates, Ruth D
23	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
25	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

3840 data points

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